Carnosine and vitamin E – a promising pair in the combat against testicular oxidative stress in aged rats

Oxidative stress is considered to play a key role in ageing. Carnosine alone or together with vitamin E may prove to be helpful in dealing with problems of ageing through its antioxidant activity. Testis, by producing steroids and possessing a poor antioxidant system may become a strong target for the chronic oxidative stress generated during ageing. Therefore we investigated the in vivo effect of carnosine alone or together with vitamin E on testicular oxidative stress in aged rats. In this study, young (5 months) and aged (22 months) Wistar rats were used. Carnosine (250 mg kg^?1; i.p.; 5 days per week) and vitamin E (200 mg kg^?1; i.m.; twice per week) were given to aged rats for 2 months. Increased testicular lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in aged rats were declined to the levels of young ones by both treatments. Decreased glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activities returned to the level of young's only by carnosine plus vitamin E treatment. Histopathological evaluation described by Johnsen's score, also showed significant improvement with preserved spermatogenesis. Carnosine plus vitamin E treatment appears to stage a powerful performance by attenuating testicular oxidative stress and sparing the antioxidant system.     

锁定加压钢板个体化治疗胫骨平台双柱或三柱骨折章建卫 陈榆 刘曦明 钟永翔 陈永志

【摘要】 目的 探讨锁定加压钢板（（locking compression plate, LCP)）治疗不同损伤程度的双柱或三柱胫骨平台骨折的疗效。 方法 依据骨折粉碎、分离移位的严重程度及软组织条件个体化选择适当的内固定进行治疗,其中30例患者应用单侧LCP固定;17例患者应用内、外双侧LCP固定;5例患者应用内、外、后侧三侧钢板支撑固定。术后定期复查X线片,依据骨折愈合的情况,指导患者行渐进性功能锻炼。膝关节功能评估按HSS）膝关节功能评价标准评定疗效。对术后X线片采用Rasmussen 放射学评分进行评估。 结果 所有患者术后获6～22个月（平均12个月）随访,随访无骨折再移位及螺钉松动、内固定失效等并发症发生。52例患者骨折获临床愈合,愈合时间为术后12～16周。4例患者术后3天出现切口渗液现象,细菌培养为阴性,考虑为脂肪液化所致,经换药治疗后渗液消失。1例发生慢性骨髓炎,后经换药、清创治愈。HSS膝关节功能评定疗效：优良率86.5%;术后Rasmussen 放射学评分为13-18分,平均16.3分。 结论 对于不同损伤程度的累及双柱或三柱的复杂胫骨平台骨折,术前应明确骨折的损伤情况,制定良好的手术方案,突出治疗的个体化,利用单侧LCP、双钢板或三钢板固定可获得满意疗效。     

Xanthoma disseminatum: a child with respiratory system involvement and bronchiectasis

Xanthoma disseminatum (XD) is a rare normolipemic mucocutaneous xanthomatosis due to the proliferation of non-x histiocytes. Occasional involvement of the upper respiratory system has been reported, but lower respiratory tract involvement is very rare. Here, we present a child with severe involvement of the upper and lower respiratory tract by XD and bronchiectasis in the lower lobes of both lungs. The patient was an 8-year-old boy who was admitted to our hospital because of red-brown papules which developed on the skin and progressive dyspnea. He was diagnosed as having XD by skin biopsy. Physical examination revealed disseminated, numerous yellow-reddish brown papular xanthomas on the forehead and eyelids, around the neck and axillary area, and in the oral cavity and pharynx. He had respiratory distress and clubbing of the fingers. Chest x-rays showed hyperaeration and segmental atelectasis. High-resolution CT of the thorax revealed diffuse thickening of the whole tracheal and bronchial wall, and bronchiectasis in the lower lobes. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed numerous xanthomatous lesions in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, subglottic area, trachea, bifurcation, both main bronchi, and smaller bronchi. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a child with typical lesions of XD with severe involvement of the lower respiratory tract and bronchiectasis.     

Targeting eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia using chimeric oncolytic adenovirus to drive IL-24 expression

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal disorder in which cells of the myeloid lineage undergo massive clonal expansion as well as resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Gene therapy hold a great promise for treatment of malignancies based on the transfer of genetic material to the tissues. In this study, we explore whether chimeric oncolytic adenovirus-mediated transfer of human interleukin-24 (IL-24) gene induce the enhanced antitumor potency. Our results showed that chimeric oncolytic adenovirus carrying hIL-24 (AdCN205-11-IL-24) could produce high levels of hIL-24 in CML cancer cells, as compared with constructed double-regulated oncolytic adenovirus expressing hIL-24 (AdCN205-IL-24). AdCN205-11-IL-24 could specifically induce cytotoxocity to CML cancer cells, but little or no effect on normal cell lines. AdCN205-11-IL-24 exhibited remarkable anti-tumor activities and induce higher antitumor activity to CML cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in vitro. Our study may provides a potent and safe tool for CML gene therapy.     

呼和浩特市2019年风疹流行病学特征分析

目的：了解呼和浩特市风疹流行现状,为制定本市风疹预防控制措施和疫苗免疫策略提供科学依据。方法：运用描述性流行病学研究方法对疾病监测麻疹专报系统收集的2019年呼和浩特市风疹疫情资料进行分析。结果：2019年通过麻疹专报全年共报告风疹确诊病例170例,风疹报告发病率为5.67/10 万。其中,最小发病年龄1岁,最大发病年龄32岁,发病年龄主要集中在12～23岁,占总病例数的的89.4%。发病高峰集中在4-6月份,占总病例数的86.4%。结论：呼和浩特市风疹疫情形势较为严峻,应在做好风疹成分疫苗常规免疫的同时加强大中专入学新生风疹成份疫苗的补种和大中专院校的传染病管理。     

Lateral internal sphincterotomy versus 0.25 % isosorbide dinitrate ointment for chronic anal fissures: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Purpose

To compare the healing properties of lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) ointment for chronic anal fissure.

Methods

Patients with a chronic anal fissure were randomly assigned to a group treated with ISDN ointment (n = 105) or a group treated with LIS (n = 102). The same investigators examined the patients in a blinded manner, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after the treatments.

Results

The anal fissure had healed completely by 4 weeks in 64.7 versus 92.2 %, and by 6 months in 77.1 versus 97.1 % of the ISDN and LIS group patients, respectively. At 12 months, the recurrence rates were 4.8 versus 1 % for the ISDN and LIS groups, respectively, and the success rates of the treatments were 72.4 versus 96.1 %, respectively. Six patients in the LIS group experienced minor fecal incontinence, and seven (6.7 %) patients in the ISDN group experienced headaches that responded well to paracetamol.

Conclusion

ISDN ointment was reported by all patients to be easy to use. Although its success rate was lower than that of surgery, ISDN can be offered to selected patients with a chronic anal fissure, as it has a low recurrence rate and rare side effects are rare.     

Corrélats neuraux de l’attirance sexuelle pédophile

The high frequency of sexual offenses against children and the severity of psychiatric disturbances that they contribute to generate warrant studying the mechanisms of pedophilic attraction to children, in order to improve therapeutic and preventive approaches. Emerging research based on functional neuroimaging techniques suggests that some brain regions are more activated in pedophilic patients than in healthy controls in response to non-pornographic images representing children. These regions include the cerebellum, the right orbital gyrus, the right inferior frontal gyrus, the left fusiform gyrus, the left anterior cingulate gyrus, the right and left insulae. By contrast, in response to these images, the activation of the right middle temporal gyrus is higher in controls. To help interpret these results, we present a neurophenomenological model of sexual arousal. This model comprises four coordinated components, i.e., cognitive, emotional, motivational, and physiological (autonomic and endocrinological). The cognitive component comprises a process of appraisal through which a stimulus is categorized as a sexual incentive and quantitatively evaluated as such. The emotional component includes the specific hedonic quality of sexual arousal, i.e., the pleasure associated with rising arousal and with the perception of specific bodily changes, such as penile tumescence. The motivational component comprises the processes that direct behavior to a sexual goal, including the perceived urge to express overt sexual behavior. The autonomic and endocrinological components include various responses (i.e., cardiovascular, respiratory, genital) leading the subject to a state of physiological readiness for sexual behavior. These four components are conceived as closely interrelated and coordinated. Finally, inhibitory processes comprise: 1) processes that are active between periods of sexual arousal and that prevent its emergence; we have suggested that this type of inhibitory control is exerted by regions of the temporal lobes where activity decreases in response to visual sexual stimuli; 2) cognitive processes that may – at least in patients with decreased sexual desire – devalue the sexual relevance of visual sexual stimuli; we have proposed that this type of control is mediated by the medial orbitofrontal cortex; and 3) processes that control the overt behavioral expression of sexual arousal, once it has begun to develop; we have proposed that the head of the right caudate nucleus participates in this function. It is likely that advances in functional neuroimaging studies of pedophilia will lead to relevant results regarding judicial issues and cases. These studies should be better organized through setting up a platform dedicated to clinical and research work in this area.     

胫骨后Pilon骨折AGH分型指导个体化治疗的临床疗效分析

目的：探讨胫骨后Pilon骨折分型指导个体化治疗的临床疗效。 方法：回顾性研究分析我院自2017年3月至2020年4月收治入院手术的诊断为胫骨后Pilon骨折的19例患者的临床资料,其中男性9人,女性10人;年龄24-67岁,平均年龄49.89岁;受伤机制：行走跌倒14例,交通伤4例,重物砸伤 1例;所有患者行CT检查,根据CT检查分型后采用不同的手术入路和内固定方法。术后采用Burwell-Charnley放射学标准评价踝关节面的复位情况,同时采用AOFAS踝关节评分和疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）评价患者踝关节功能恢复情况。 结果：19例患者术后获12-24个月（平均15.79月）随访,根据Bruwell-Charnley评价标准评估术后踝关节面复位质量：13例优,6例可。术后一年AOFAS评分平均为85.95分,VAS评分平均为1.11分。 结论：胫骨后Pilon骨折根据受伤机制骨折类型多样,结合CT及AGH分型指导胫骨后Pilon骨折分型及个体化治疗后临床疗效满意。