人参皂苷Rg3立体异构体差异抑制糖尿病调控基因蛋白-PXR机制的分子动力学研究

目的：为进一步了解Rg3对映体的立体化学选择性,对PXR配体结合结构域（PXR ligand-binding domain,PXR-LBD）中20（R/S）-Rg3的结合模式进行建模。方法：使用计算对接,分子动力学（molecular dynamics,MD）和基本动力学分析（essential dynamics analysis,EDA）等技术手段进行建模。结果：PXR中20（S）-Rg3的MM / PB-SA估计结合能大于20（R）-Rg3。两种配合物的RMSFs表明,20（S）-Rg3结合的LBD的迁移率比20（R）型对映体的迁移率降低得多。EDA预测和两个复合物的叠加三维结构都表明20（S）-Rg3在PXR中的结合比20（R）-Rg3更可能与生物学结果一致。结论：以上结果表明,基于目前的模拟结果,PXR中20（S）-Rg3的结合模式比20（R）-Rg3更有可能与生物实验结果吻合。     

Co-occurring addictive behaviors: an analysis of risk profiles among university students

Objectives: The first goal of this study was to empirically identify, among university students, groups with varying levels of risk based on indicators of gambling and substance use. The second goal was to compare the identified groups on various demographic characteristics.

Methods: The study comprised of 2139 full-time undergraduate students, representative of university students in Montreal, Canada. A 3-step latent class logistic regression analysis was performed to identify groups and compare them on demographic characteristics.

Results: The statistical fit indices of the latent class analysis revealed a four-class solution. Class 1 (30.1% of the sample) included non-gamblers with low probabilities of substance use. Class 2 (11.2% of the sample) grouped non-gamblers with high-risk patterns of consumption. Class 3 (36.42% of the sample) included gamblers who are low-risk substance users, and individuals in Class 4 (22.25% of the sample) reported risky patterns of gambling and substance-using behaviors. Results of the logistic regression suggested that gender, being born in Canada, and working full- or part-time are significant predictors of class membership. Participants in both groups labeled at-risk (with and without gambling) were also more likely to report psychological distress and to live outside the family environment.

Conclusions: This study raises important questions regarding the choice of preventive models and feeds into the long-standing debate around universal versus high-risk approaches.     

NK and NKT-like cells in granulomatous and fibrotic lung diseases

Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Background The pathogenetic and regulatory roles of natural killer (NK) and natural killer T-like cells in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), fibrotic and...     

Age-specific gastrointestinal parasite shedding in free-ranging cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) on Namibian farmland

The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus Brookes 1828) is classified as “vulnerable” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Threats to cheetah populations are a decrease of suitable habitats, an increase of conflicts with livestock farmers and potentially pathogens. While there is some information on the viral and bacterial pathogens circulating in cheetah populations, information on gastrointestinal parasites is scarce. Here, we investigate the gastrointestinal parasites in 39 free-ranging cheetahs in east-central Namibia using a coproscopical parasitological method. Most cheetahs (82%) shed eggs from Ancylostoma which comprised the majority of the total eggs in feces. Eggs and oocysts from Toxascaris (21% of cheetahs), Coccidia (13%), Physaloptera (8%), Taeniidae (5%), Dipylidium (3%), and Diphyllobothriidae (3%) were present at a lower prevalence. Parasite richness and Ancylostoma egg load were higher in juveniles and adults compared to cubs, but were not associated with sex. To our knowledge, this is the first study that assessed gastrointestinal parasites in free-ranging cheetahs and is a key starting point for future studies on the effect of parasites in this threatened species.

     

外侧半月板后根部损伤不同缝合位置对膝关节生物力学的影响

目的对损伤的外侧半月板后根部进行不同位置的修复固定,比较不同缝合方式时膝胫股关节的生物力学结果,探讨外侧半月板后根部损伤最佳缝合术式。方法使用8例人体尸体膝关节,胫腓骨固定装置维持膝关节在0°位,在1 k N压缩载荷下,采用Tek-scan压力感测片收集膝关节外侧半月板后根部完整、外侧半月板后根部断裂、将外侧半月板后根部分别缝合至中心点、中心点偏后5 mm、中心点偏前5 mm、中心点偏外5 mm位置下的平均接触压力、峰值压力以及接触面积。结果在外侧间室,与完整状态相比半月板后根部损伤断裂后会导致平均接触压力和峰值压力明显增加(P0. 01),接触面积减少(P0. 05)。4种缝合固定方法均可减少平均压力和峰值接触压力,接触面积较根部断裂时均有增加。在半月板后根部中心点偏外5 mm缝合时,生物力学结果更接近完整膝关节(P0. 05)。比较缝合位点在根部中心点和中心点偏后5 mm时,平均接触压力影响差别微小,峰值接触压力、接触面积均无统计学差异(P0. 05)。在内侧间室,生物力学指标各组间均无统计学差异(P0. 05)。结论外侧半月板后根部发生撕裂后会导致膝关节外侧间室的平均接触压力、峰值压力以及接触面积相比正常膝关节发生显著改变;半月板缝合位置在原根部中心点偏外5 mm时,其生物力学功能更接近完整膝关节。     

手术不能切除的胰腺癌行微波固化治疗并发症的防治

目的总结微波固化治疗在手术不能切除的胰腺癌中应用时的并发症的防治.方法对我院自2004年3月以来对6例微波固化治疗不能切除的胰腺癌病例进行回顾性分析.结果本组6例均因胰腺癌行开放性手术,术中病理证实为胰腺癌,病期较晚,无法切除;围手术期无死亡病例,后死亡2例.结论在术中超声的引导以及术中旁开测温计的监控下,对于手术不能切除的胰腺癌进行微波固化治疗是安全有效的;常规放置胰床引流管;术后应用生长抑素或其类似物,可有效减少并发症的发生.     

网络化护士长手册的应用

目的全面实现护理管理信息化,提高护理管理效率与水平.方法采用SQL Server数据库、Power Builder开发语言,以及客户端/服务器(C/S)构架,研制了"网络化护士长手册",并应用于临床护理管理工作中.结果对全院护士长手册进行网络化管理,护理部进行实时监控,取消了护理单元各种护理管理表格,取得了良好的使用效果.结论网络化护士长手册的实施,促进了护理管理科学化,确保了护理管理信息的及时性、完整性、准确性,提高了工作效率.