心肌梗死前心绞痛和白细胞计数对急性心肌梗死患者左室射血功能的影响

目的探讨心肌梗死前心绞痛和白细胞计数与急性心肌梗死(AMI)后左室射血分数(LVEF)的关系。方法选择48例初发的前壁ST段抬高AMI患者,均在入院时检测白细胞计数,入院后30 min内溶栓治疗,记录AMI发生前24 h内出现的心绞痛,在入院时和出院前测LVEF。结果白细胞计数升高与出院前低LVEF有关;心肌梗死前心绞痛与出院前LVEF的增加有关,有心肌梗死前心绞痛患者白细胞计数更低。Logistic回归分析显示白细胞计数、心肌梗死前心绞痛均与LVEF密切相关。结论白细胞计数升高和心肌梗死前心绞痛的缺乏与再灌注治疗后LVEF受损有关,心肌梗死前心绞痛可能通过抗炎作用使LVEF改善。     

转换酶抑制剂对高血压病患者糖代谢的影响

本文采用卡托普利和依那普利治疗高血压病患者２５例，剂量分别为２５－３７．５ｍｇ．ｄ＾－１，１０－２０ｍｇ．ｄ＾－１，疗程平均２８ｄ，观察转换酶抑制剂对高血压病患者血糖及血胰岛素的影响。结果表明，转换酶抑制剂在降压的同时可使餐后血糖和胰岛素水平有一致性的下降，提示转换酶抑制除降压作用外，尚能够改善高血压病患者的糖代谢紊乱。     

吻合器痔上粘膜环切术对肛肠动力学影响的临床研究

目的：比较吻合器痔上粘膜环切术（PPH手术）与传统痔外剥内扎术对肛门直肠动力学影响的差异。方法：采用瑞典生产的肛肠测压仪测量PPH术和传统常规手术术前及术后3月患者的肛管静息压（RASP）、肛管收缩压（MASP）、直肠感知阈值（RSTV）、直肠最大容量阈值（RMTV）的变化，切除标本送病理检查，观察有无肌肉组织和痔组织。结果：PPH术后肛管RASP较术前明显降低（P〈0．01），肛管MASP、直肠RSTV、直肠RMTV较术前有轻微降低但无显著性差异（P〉0．05），肛管RASP在PPH手术组恢复至正常水平，而在传统手术组肛管MASP、直肠RSTV、直肠RMTV较术前和正常值均有显著性降低。病理检查切除标本中无肌肉组织，仅含少量痔组织。结论：PPH手术使重度痔患者的肛管高压明显改变，使肛垫得到保护，而对直肠功能影响较小，使直肠功能得到最大保护。     

苦瓜素对小鼠柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎caspase 3作用的研究

目的观察苦瓜素对病毒性心肌炎心肌组织caspase 3活性、基因转录及相应蛋白质表达的影响,探索苦瓜素治疗病毒性心肌炎的机制。方法实验小鼠随机分为苦瓜素治疗组、生理盐水对照组及正常对照组和正常小鼠苦瓜素处理组。苦瓜素剂量为25 mg.kg-1.d-1,1次/d,疗程7 d。第15天后取小鼠心肌进行caspase 3活性测定、HE染色心肌病理检查、心肌细胞凋亡检查、RT-PCR检测、caspase 3,mRNA转录水平,免疫组化与免疫印迹测定caspase 3蛋白表达。结果生理盐水对照组小鼠心肌组织caspase 3活性明显增高、mRNA转录水平与相应蛋白质表达水平亦显著增加;苦瓜素治疗组caspase 3活性明显抑制,caspase 3 mR-NA转录水平明显低于生理盐水对照组(0.012±0.008 vs 0.043±0.015,t=4.37,P<0.01),凋亡细胞明显减少。结论苦瓜素通过抑制caspase 3基因转录与蛋白质表达、抑制其活性,对Balb/c小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎具有明显的治疗作用。     

Dihydrochalcones from the leaves of Pieris japonica

Six new dihydrochalcones, 3-hydroxyasebotin (5), asebogenin 2'-O-beta-D-ribohexo-3-ulopyranoside (6), 2' '-acetylasebotin (7), 3',4,5'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone 3',5'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), and pierotins A (9) and B (10), along with four known dihydrochalcones, phloretin (1), phlorizin (2), asebogenin (3), and asebotin (4), were isolated from the leaves of Pieris japonica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including HMQC, HMBC, NOESY, and X-ray crystal diffraction. Compounds 1, 3-5, and 7-10 inhibited the proliferation of murine B cells and compounds 5 and 10 inhibited the proliferation of murine T cells in vitro significantly.     

定量PCR检测黄芪A6组分与无环鸟苷联合抗1型单纯疱疹病毒的协同作用

目的 :探讨抗疱疹病毒药物黄芪A6 组分(A6)和无环鸟苷(ACV)联合抗 1型单纯疱疹病毒(HSV1 )的作用机制。方法 :利用竞争PCR检测A6 和ACV联合抗HSV1 的协同作用 ,并与细胞病变(CPE)抑制法进行比较。结果 :竞争PCR测定A6、ACV和A6 ACV对HSV1 的最小抑制浓度(MIC)分别为 1 88mg/ml、3 3 7μg/ml和 0 47mg/ml 0 84μg/ml;CPE抑制法测定A6、ACV和A6 ACV对HSV1 的MIC分别为 6 2 5mg/ml、5 0 μg/ml和 0 94mg/ml 1 2 5 μg/ml;联合抑制指数的分数(FICI)均小于 0 5 ;显示明显的联合协同抑制作用。结论 :定量PCR是筛选抗病毒药物的有效方法 ;结果还表明A6 和ACV对HSV1 的抑制作用主要表现在病毒增殖周期的复制阶段。     

Smac mimetic compound LCL161 sensitizes esophageal carcinoma cells to radiotherapy by inhibiting the expression of inhibitor of apoptosis protein

Currently, unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is primarily treated by chemoradiotherapy. However, the outcome has not improved significantly due to radioresistance of cancer cells. This study aimed to determine the radiosensitizing effect of LCL161, a novel second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspase (Smac) mimetic, in ESCC cells. ESCC cell lines were treated with LCL161 or radiation, alone or in combination. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Radiosensitization was evaluated by clonogenic survival assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that LCL161 potently sensitized ESCC cells to radiation with a sensitization enhancement ratio of 1.4–2.0. LCL161 increased radiation-induced DNA double-stranded breaks and promoted the apoptosis of ESCC cells, which could be abrogated by a pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK. Furthermore, LCL161 decreased the level of cIAP1 in ESCC cells in a dose-dependent manner and synthesized with irradiation to promote the activation of caspase 8 and the upregulation of TNFα expression in ESCC cells. In conclusion, LCL161 acts as a strong radiosensitizer in human esophageal cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of cIAP1 and promoting the activation of caspase 8, leading to enhanced apoptosis.     

Association of DNA repair gene polymorphisms with response to chemotherapy and prognosis of gastric cancer in a Chinese population

We conducted a study to investigate the role of excision repair cross-complimentary group 1 gene (ERCC1)–xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group F (XPF) gene polymorphisms in response to chemotherapy and clinical outcome of gastric patients. Three SNPs in ERCC1 (rs11615, rs3212986, and rs2298881) and two SNPs in XPF (rs2276465 and rs6498486) were extracted using Tiangen DNA kit (Tiangen Biotech, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The median follow-up time was 36.4 months, and ranged from 2–60 months. During the follow-up period, 112 patients died from gastric cancer. Individuals carrying ERCC1 rs11615 AA and XPF rs6498486 CC genotypes were associated with poorer response to chemotherapy when compared with wild-type genotype, with the ORs (95 % CI) of 0.48 (0.25–0.94) and 0.38 (0.14–1.00). In the Cox proportional hazards model, individuals carrying ERCC1 rs11615 GA and AA genotype had 1.91 and 2.66 risk of death when compared with those carrying GG genotype. Patients carrying the XPF rs6498486 AC and CC genotype were associate with 2.17 and 4.91-fold risk of death when compared with wild-type genotype. In conclusion, we found that ERCC1 rs11615 and XPF rs2276465 may substantially contribute to the future design of individualized cancer treatment in gastric cancer patients.     

Over-expression of Thioredoxin-1 mediates growth, survival, and chemoresistance and is a druggable target in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Diffuse Large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) are the most prevalent of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas and are currently initially treated fairly successfully, but frequently relapse as refractory disease, resulting in poor salvage therapy options and short survival. The greatest challenge in improving survival of DLBCL patients is overcoming chemo-resistance, whose basis is poorly understood. Among the potential mediators of DLBCL chemo-resistance is the thioredxoin (Trx) family, primarily because Trx family members play critical roles in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis, and recent studies have indicated that dysregulated redox homeostasis also plays a key role in chemoresistance. In this study, we showed that most of the DLBCL-derived cell lines and primary DLBCL cells express higher basal levels of Trx-1 than normal B cells and that Trx-1 expression level is associated with decreased patients survival. Our functional studies showed that inhibition of Trx-1 by small interfering RNA or a Trx-1 inhibitor (PX-12) inhibited DLBCL cell growth, clonogenicity, and also sensitized DLBCL cells to doxorubicin-induced cell growth inhibition in vitro. These results indicate that Trx-1 plays a key role in cell growth and survival, as well as chemoresistance, and is a potential target to overcome drug resistance in relapsed/refractory DLBCL.     

乳腺肿物针吸细胞学诊断漏误诊原因分析

目的减少乳腺癌的漏、误诊,提高乳腺癌针吸细胞学诊断的准确性.方法对36例漏、误诊乳腺针吸细胞学涂片进行病理组织学和细胞学对照分析.结果假阴性率5.6%,穿刺技术因素占28%,细胞学诊断因素占60%.结论提高细胞病理学诊断医师的诊断水平和针吸技术是降低漏误诊的主要措施.