Two outbreaks of typhoid fever related to the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Two outbreaks of typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi of the same phagotype (A, biotype II) and antibiotic susceptibility are reported. Both occurred during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first outbreak appeared among the refugees from the town of Jajce. The second outbreak appeared among the inhabitants in the village of Vidosi near Livno. This report describes main clinical, epidemioloigcal and laboratory findings for 22 patients treated in Split University Hospital, Croatia, in the period November 1992–January 1993. Possible epidemiological connections between those two outbreaks are discussed.     

空蝶鞍综合征20例的临床和MRI分析

分析２０例空蝶鞍综合征（ＥＳＳ）的ＭＲＩ表现和其中１６例的内分泌改变。结果１６例ＥＳＳ均有内分泌功能异常。ＭＲＩ表现有蝶鞍充满长Ｔ＿１和长Ｔ＿２的脑脊液;垂体受压至鞍底,冠状位呈“锚”状,矢状位呈“新月”状;垂体柄延长。结果表明ＥＳＳ常具有内分泌功能紊乱,ＭＲＩ对ＥＳＳ具有特征性诊断意义。     

Effect of cimetidine on wedged hepatic venous pressure in cirrhotic patients

According to our supposition that "humoral mechanism" plays an important role in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension due to cirrhosis, antagonists to some of humoral substances would lower the portal pressure in cirrhotic patients. Wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP) was used as an indicator for changes of portal pressure. Cimetidine was given intravenously to 8 cirrhotic patients, in whom an average lowering of 0.72 kPa (7.3 cm H2O) of WHVP was observed subsequently. This change was of clinical significance as compared with the previous results of splenorenal shunting operations.

     

CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠线粒体损伤的影响

目的：观察CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠的线粒体损伤的影响。方法：分离提纯脑缺血再灌注小鼠脑的线粒体。用分光光度法检测线粒体的膜肿胀度，用激光拉曼光谱检测脑线粒体的生物大分子的变化。结果：小鼠脑缺血再灌注后。其线粒体出现膜肿胀，CBN50、100mg／kg iv对此有明显的抑制作用。各组脑线粒体的Raman和IR光谱基本一致。CBN组与假手术组比较接近。模型组只是在量上有一些差异。结论：CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠的线粒体损伤的有一定的保护作用。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的 :探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸 (Hcy)与冠状动脉病变及累及病变支数的关系。方法 :对121名行冠状动脉造影术的患者进行血浆Hcy、叶酸、维生素B12 的检测。其中冠心病组83人 ,非冠心病组38人 ,冠心病组又根据病变支数分为单支病变组 (25例 )、双支病变组 (35例 )、三支病变组 (23例 )。结果 :冠心病组的血浆Hcy水平为 (16 06±6 98) μmol/L ,明显高于非冠心病组(11 11±4 27) μmol/L ,P<0 001。冠心病组的单支、双支、三支病变组其血浆Hcy 均显著高于非冠心病组 ,但三者之间差异无显著性。结论 :血浆Hcy 增高是冠状动脉病变的独立危险因素 ,血浆Hcy 水平可能与累及冠状动脉支数无关。     

RP-HPLC法测定复方双嘧达莫缓释片中双嘧达莫与阿司匹林的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定复方双嘧达莫缓释片的含量测定方法。方法 用ODS—C18柱；流动相以0．02mol／L Na2HPO4缓冲液(20％ H3PO4调节pH3．2)—乙腈—甲醇(67：28：5)；检测波长227nm；流量1．0ml/min.结果 双嘧达莫的线性范围：20．06-401．2μg/ml(r＝0．9995)，平均回收率100．8％，RSD为0．7％；阿司匹林的线性范围：2．892-57.84μg／ml(r＝0．9995)，平均回收率99.94％，RSD为0.3％。结论 本法简便、灵敏、准确。     

Factors associated with breast cancer clinical trials participation and enrollment at a large academic medical center.

PURPOSE: The practice patterns of medical oncologists at a large National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center in Detroit, MI were evaluated to better understand factors associated with accrual to breast cancer clinical trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1996 to 1997, physicians completed surveys on 319 of 344 newly evaluated female breast cancer patients. The 19-item survey included clinical data, whether patients were offered clinical trial (CT) participation and enrollment, and when applicable, reasons why they were not. Multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed to evaluate predictors of an offer and enrollment. RESULTS: The patients were 57% white, 32% black, and 11% other/unknown race. One hundred six (33%) were offered participation and 36 (34%) were enrolled. In multivariate analysis, CTs were less likely offered to older women (mean age, 52 years for those offered v 57 years for those not offered; P =.0005) and black women (21% of blacks offered v 42% of whites; P =.0009). Women with stage 1 disease, poor performance status, and those who were previously diagnosed were also less likely to be offered trials. None of these factors were significant predictors of enrollment. Women were not offered trials because of ineligibility (57%), lack of available trials (41%), and noncompliance (2%). Reasons for failed enrollment included patient refusal (88%) and failed eligibility (12%). CONCLUSION: It is important for cooperative groups to design studies that will accommodate a broader spectrum of patients. Further work is needed to assess ways to improve communication about breast cancer CT participation to all eligible women.     

肝硬化门静脉高压症患者肝脏组织α1紧上腺素受体亚型的mRNA表达

目的 探讨肝硬化门静脉高压症患者肝脏组织α１肾上腺素受体亚型ｍＲＮＡ的表达。方法 应用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测了１２例乙型肝炎后肝硬化门静脉高压症患者和１５例无高血压,无肝脏疾患的胆石症或胃肠道肿瘤患者肝脏组织α１肾上腺素受体亚型ｍＲＮＡ的表达。在同一体系中同时逆转录并扩增α１肾上腺素受体亚型特异性片段和内参ＧＡＰＤＨ片段,以二者的积分密度比值作为该受体亚型的ｍＲＮＡ相对表达量。结果 肝脏组织     

不同产地白术的多糖含量测定

目的:对不同产地共8批白术的多糖含量进行了测定。方法:苯酚-硫酸比色法。结果:不同产地白术的多糖含量差异较大。结论:该法为白术的质量评价及质量控制提供了研究基础。