Extracardiac Right Atrium-to-Right Ventricle Homograft for Uncorrectable Tricuspid Valve Disease

Surgically uncorrectable tricuspid valve disease in children is rare. However, when it happens the surgical options are very limited. Tricuspid valve replacement using a mechanical valve or stented bioprosthesis is impractical. Use of homografts in the “anatomic position” has its limitations. We report here the use of an extracardiac homograft connection between the right atrium and right ventricle in a 16-month-old boy in whom severe tricuspid valve stenosis developed after surgical repair of a complex ventricular septal defect associated with dextrocardia and anomalous systemic venous drainage. The patient remains well receiving no cardiac medication 12 months after the procedure.     

Coronary reperfusion with a new catheter in six patients with acute occlusion after angioplasty

A new catheter was used in an attempt to re-establish coronary flow in six patients with acute occlusion after angioplasty and prior to emergency coronary artery bypass surgery. All patients suffered from severe chest pain, and the electrocardiogram showed signs of acute transmural ischemia. A reperfusion catheter manufactured by Advanced Cardiovascular Systems (ACS) has 36 side holes spirally arranged along the distal 10 cm. It is introduced over an exchange wire. After the catheter was positioned across the occlusion, five patients had complete relief of chest pain, and another patient had partial relief. The electrocardiogram normalized in all six patients (in one only initially). Two patients developed a limited myocardial infarction, but four did not. The time between introduction of the reperfusion catheter and aorta cross clamping varied between 1.5 and 6.5 hours, and there were no complications related to its use. We conclude that the ACS reperfusion catheter is useful in re-establishing coronary blood flow after failed angioplasty and prior to emergency coronary artery bypass surgery.     

儿童髓母细胞瘤中ERBB-2的表达

目的:探讨ERBB-2在儿童髓母细胞中的表达及临床意义.方法:用免疫组织化学LSAB法检测84例获随访的儿童髓母细胞瘤中的ERBB-2表达,按术后生存期3、5、10年分为A、B、C三组.使用Cox回归统计分析.结果:84例儿童髓母细胞瘤中,ERBB-2阳性表达72例(85.71%),A、B、C三组间ERBB-2阳性表达分别为100%,88.9%,40%(P＜0.01),Cox回归分析显示ERBB-2是影响生存时间的一个独立的预后因子,它与预后存在负相关关系.结论:ERBB-2表达水平可作为儿童髓母细胞瘤的预后指标之一.     

Retrocostoxyphoid hernia in children. Apropos of 6 cases. Review of the literature

Six further cases of retrocostoxiphoid hernia in children are reported, the postoperative course being uncomplicated following supraumbilical laparotomy. The relevant literature is reviewed and emphasis placed on the value of peritoneography for establishing diagnosis prior to operation.     

Hypocholesterolemic effect of khellin and methoxsalen in male albino rats.

Khellin (CAS 82-02-0) and methoxsalen (CAS 298-81-7) were examined in male albino rats to evaluate their ability to modify serum lipoprotein cholesterol. Clinical chemistry parameters were also measured to obtain information indicative of possible drug toxicity. The drugs were evaluated in four-week double dose studies. After four weeks at 0.45 mg/100 mg b.wt. for khellin and 0.27 mg/100 g b.wt. for methoxsalen, per day, both drugs significantly lowered low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were not changed. No apparent toxicity was observed as clinical chemistry parameters and body weights were not different compared to control values. Similar results were observed with a lower dose of khellin (0.23 mg/100 g b.wt./d). A dose of 0.13 mg/100 g b.wt./d of methoxsalen had no observable effect in this study. Confirmation of the hypocholesterolemic activity of khellin and methoxsalen in this study enhances the therapeutic potential of these compounds against atherosclerosis.     

膀胱全切非管状乙状结肠膀胱成形术（附六例报告）

对６例多发性浸润性膀胱癌而膀胱颈部及尿道无侵犯的患者在膀胱前列腺全切后以非管状乙状结肠原位代膀胱。经３～２５个月的随访，除１例仍有轻度尿失禁伴轻度排尿困难外，余５例手术后６个月以上者非管状乙状结肠膀胱容量大、压力低，经尿道排尿、排空完全、自控性好，无全身营养障碍及水电酸碱紊乱，节省肠管，手术简便。     

非职业因素与血铅水平的岭回归分析

调查１３３名城市居民的血铅水平。通过ＲｉｄｇｅＲｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ程序分析非职业因素对血铅水平的影响。结果表明，汽车尾气是影响城市居民的血铅水平的主要因素。     

Neuroprotective effect of memantine demonstrated in vivo and in vitro

The purpose of the present study was to test whether the anticonvulsant, memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane), can protect neurons against hypoxic or ischemic damage. To this end, we used a rat model of transient forebrain ischemia and cultured neurons from chick embryo cerebral hemispheres. Ischemia was induced for 10 min by clamping both carotid arteries and lowering the mean arterial blood pressure to 40 mm Hg; the rats were allowed to recover for 7 days. Cultured neurons were made hypoxic with 1 mmol/l NaCN added to the incubation medium for 30 min followed by a recovery period of 3 days. The possible effects of memantine were compared with those produced by a typical non-competitive NMDA antagonist, dizocilpine. Similar effects were obtained with both drugs. The drugs reduced the damage caused by transient ischemia to neurons of the hippocampal CA1 subfield. Memantine (10 and 20 mg/kg) had a dose-dependent effect when administered intraperitoneally to the rats 1 h before ischemia. Dizocilpine was active in this model at a dosage of 1 mg/kg. When administered after ischemia, 10 mg/kg memantine significantly protected CA1 neurons against ischemic damage. Furthermore, the drugs protected cultured neurons against hypoxic damage. The lowest effective concentration was 0.1 mumol/l for dizocilpine and 1 mumol/l for memantine. Thus, memantine possesses neuroprotective activity but is less potent than dizocilpine.     

学龄儿童掌指骨发育某些正常变异的观察

１９８０年和１９９０年对１２５９名城乡７～１２岁学龄儿童掌指骨发育的正常变异进行了观察。结果证实，小指中节骨发育变异的检出率最高（总检出率１４．７％），且男女儿童１９９０年此率均高于１９８０年（Ｐ＜０．０５），反映城市儿童该变异近１０年有增高的趋势；１９９０年男女学龄儿童小指中节骨变异检出率城市明显高于农村（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ⅱ掌骨副骨骺总检出率３．８％，指骨骺核硬化总检出率２．２％，这两种变异男性明显高于女性．且无城乡差异。本观察各年龄组小指中节骨的变异同骨龄无规律性联系。