转移性肝癌B超声像图特点

目的探讨转移性小肝癌的B超声像图特点及在鉴别诊断中的意义。方法对原发癌明确的直径小于3cm肝转移瘤超声检查资料进行回顾性分析，对比小于2cm和大于2cm病灶及不同脏器来源转移灶的超声像图特点。结果多数肝转移瘤呈圆形、有晕环(Halo)、内部可呈高、等、低回声；小于2cm病灶内部回声均匀，大于2cm病灶内部回声多不均匀；来源于结肠者多呈高回声、胰腺者多呈低回声。结论B超对转移性小肝癌的分辨能力较强，可以间接提示转移瘤来源。     

经皮穿刺髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症初步临床报道

目的　寻求一种简单、安全、有效、微创的椎间盘突出症治疗方法。方法　对 1 6例腰椎间盘突出症采用经皮穿刺髓核成形术 (Nucleoplasty)治疗 ,并对其疗效进行观察分析。 结果　全部患者经二周至一个月短期随访 ,症状均有不同程度改善 ,疗效优良率为 93 8% ,有效率为 1 0 0 %。未发现明显并发症。结论　髓核成形术是一种先进、安全、有效的椎间盘突出微创手术 ,具有操作简单、安全、微创、疗效佳、恢复快、无需住院等优点。     

创伤后肝细胞凋亡与坏死的检测及其意义

目的 探讨严重创伤后肝细胞凋亡及坏死在急性肝功能障碍发病机制中的作用。方法复制多发性骨折合并休克的大鼠创伤模型,采用 Annexin－V－Flous、碘化丙锭(propidium iodid,PI)双标法经流式细胞仪检测创伤后各时间点肝细胞凋亡与坏死的数量变化,结合光镜、电镜和电泳观察细胞凋亡与坏死,并与肝功能变化相比较。结果创伤后早期肝细胞即发生凋亡和坏死,坏死肝细胞的数量进行性升高,与肝功能变化显著呈正相关;凋亡肝细胞在创伤后3h达高峰,部分凋亡肝细胞发生继发性坏死,其数量与肝功能变化显著正相关。结论肝细胞坏死与凋亡是严重创伤后肝功能损害的重要原因,坏死肝细胞是肝功能损害的直接因素,凋亡肝细胞通过发生继发性坏死加重肝功能损害。     

矢状窦旁巨大脑膜瘤显微手术26例

[目的]探讨上矢状窦旁巨大脑膜循的显做手术设计与中央静脉、上矢状窭的处理方法，[方法]26例矢状窦旁巨大脑膜瘤经充分的术前准备、没汁手术方案，行显做手术全切或次全切除术．同时对受累的中央静脉、上矢状窦、硬脑膜及颅骨均做了相应处理。[结果]手术切除肿瘤达到SimpsonⅠ级15例，SirepsonⅡ级9例，SimpsonⅢ级2例。遗留颅骨缺损6例。术后双下肢瘫痪（肌力Ⅰ～Ⅱ级）4例，经高压氧治疗1～3个月后均恢复正常。[结沦]术前通过脑血管造影（DSA）技运动区功能磁共振（fMRI）检查设计详尽的手术方案，采用显做外科技术切除上矢状窦旁巨大脑膜瘤并妥善处理受累的中央静脉、上矢状窦对病人预后至关重要。     

Critical size defect in the canine mandible.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum size defect in a canine mandible that would not spontaneously heal during the dog's natural life (the critical size defect). STUDY DESIGN: Sixteen adult female mongrel dogs underwent continuity resection on both sides of the mandible to create bilateral defects. In 8 dogs, mandibular defects ranging from 5 to 20 mm were created with periosteal resection. In the other 8 dogs, mandibular defects ranging from 30 to 60 mm were created preserving the periosteum. The dogs were then killed at 6 months and the defects examined using radiographs and histologic analysis. RESULTS: When the periosteum was removed, mandibular defects greater than 15 mm failed to heal across the entire defect. However, when the periosteum was preserved, mandibular defects needed to be greater than 50 mm in order to fail to heal. CONCLUSION: The critical size defect in a canine mandible model is 15 mm when the periosteum is removed and 50 mm when the periosteum is preserved.     

C57小鼠源性淋巴瘤的基因枪途径抗肿瘤免疫研究

[目的]诱导C57小鼠建立有效的抗肿瘤免疫.[方法]用基因枪途径给C57小鼠腹部接种含有粒巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GMCSF)基因的质粒,24h后在同一部位注射FBL3肿瘤细胞破碎后的上清液,15d后用3×106个FBL3肿瘤细胞皮下接种攻击.[结果]肿瘤的生长受到抑制,小鼠的生存时间明显延长.[结论]基因枪途径局部接种含有GMCSF基因的质粒,可增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫,抑制肿瘤细胞的生长.     

1例安装心脏起搏器合并心房扑动电复律患者的护理

电复律目前已成为救治室颤和其他快速心律失常患者的首选重要措施,但对安置永久性心脏起搏器患者施行电复律治疗较少见.2004年5月,我科对1例安装永久性心脏起搏器合并心房扑动的患者成功实施电复律,现将护理体会介绍如下.     

病理性瘢痕裸鼠模型的建立

目的 验证所构建裸鼠瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕模型在病理性瘢痕研究中的可行性。方法 将0．8cm×0．8cm×0．5cm的人瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕组织块移植到裸鼠皮下，大体观察裸鼠及植入物情况。移植后第16天取出移植物与原标本进行下列指标的比较：体积、瘢痕的镜下特征、酸性黏多糖含量及Ⅰ、Ⅱ型胶原含量。结果 移植后裸鼠全部存活且创面愈合良好。瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕组织块的酸性黏多糖含量移植前分别为3448±1452、1940±509，移植后分别为3237±1871、1809±552，移植前后比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。植入物保持着原有的胶原特性及含量，未检测到细胞变性坏死。结论 增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩以适当体积移植到裸鼠皮下，其生物学特性可在一定时间内保持稳定，该动物模型适用于病理性瘢痕的临床研究。     

乳腺良恶性病变的磁共振T2*W首过灌注成像与血管生成相关性研究

Objective： To study the diagnostic value of T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging in breast tumors. Methods： We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） information along with the pathological and immunohistochemistry results. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 28 patients with breast tumor. The time to signal intensity curves were generated according to the T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging. The curve＇s maximal signal intensity drop rate and maximal signal intensity decrease time were analyzed and compared with the pathological diagnoses after surgery. Results： Malignant breast lesions showed higher maximal signal intensity drop rate （44.69% ± 17.07 vs. 17.22% ±7.49, P 〈 0.001） than benign lesions, but there was no significant difference of maximal signal decrease time between those two lesions （23.94 s ± 4.92 vs. 20.02 s ± 6.83, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging has enough sensitivity and specificity in breast tumor diagnosis.