859例原发培阳肺结核全程督导短程化疗效果与耐药性分析

目的　分析 85 9例原发培阳肺结核病人其耐药性与全程督导短程化疗 (DOTS)效果的关系。方法　药敏试验采用比例法 ,培养基中药物浓度分别为 S4 μg/ m l、H0 .2 μg/ m l、R4 0 μg/ ml和 E2 μg/ ml;病人治疗采用卫 项目统一规定的全程间歇短化方案 (2 S3H3R3/ 4 H3R3)。结果　 85 9例病人经 6个月的治疗后 ,除 8例失访外 ,其中治愈 771例 (89.8% ) ,完成治疗 6 7例 (7.8% ) ,失败 9例 (1 .0 % )。化疗失败病人耐单药和耐二药组与敏感组无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　对于原发敏感和耐一或二种药物的病例采用 6个月短程化疗方案是合理有效的     

剖宫产时母体输注葡萄糖对胎儿血糖的影响

２４例择期剖宫病人输注不同剂量葡萄糖液后，观察母体血糖的改变对胎儿血糖的影响．结果：剖宫产病人术中输注不含糖液，输注每ｈ０５ｇ／ｋｇ和每ｈ１ｇ／ｋｇ的葡萄糖液后，母体及胎儿脐静脉血的血糖均增高，并以输注每ｈ１ｇ／ｋｇ的葡萄糖液更明显．结果表明：剖宫产病人术中不输糖对胎儿更有利     

层粘连蛋白Ⅳ型胶原在人羊膜结膜基底膜分布的免疫组织化学研究

目的：研究层粘连蛋白IV型胶原（collagen IV.C IV）在人新鲜羊膜，结膜基底膜的分布，方法，人新鲜羊膜及结膜标本各6例，常规脱水石蜡包埋后切片，做HE染色，层粘连蛋白（laminin,LN）及C IV的二步法免疫组织化学染色，LN及C IV的释释度分别为1：50及1：25，以肾脏切片为阳性对照，结果，结膜上皮细胞复层，含杯状细胞，羊膜上皮细胞为单层，以肾脏切片作为阳性对照，结果：结膜上皮细胞复层，含杯状细胞，羊膜上皮细胞为单层，LN和C IV在羊膜，结膜的基底层染为连续的颗粒状棕色，羊膜的着色明显深于结膜，结论：羊膜与结膜的基底膜具有共同的LN和C IV，且以前者为强，羊膜应可用于修复病变的结膜基底膜。     

群检铅防护屏的制作与应用

1材料与制作方法1.1两块高60cm、宽100cm的铅百叶裙(自制)。其中一个制成带有底座并且能竖立于地面上,(如图1,表示为裙①)。一根直径约1cm、长约100cm的不锈钢棍,另一百业裙与不锈钢棍相固定,(如图2,表示为裙②)。     

高能电子束治疗中挡铅的质量保证

目的探索高能电子束挡铅的最佳厚度，以保护病人的正常组织，方法源皮距定为100cm，测量各档电子束在不同厚度挡铅下，水箱中最大剂量深度处的吸收剂量。结果吸收剂量随挡铅厚度增加近似成指数衰减，当挡铅厚度达到某一程度后，挡铅下的吸收剂量并不随挡铅厚度的增加而明显减少。结论为了在病人治疗中为保护其正常组织，随着能量的升高，挡铅也要求加厚，6MeV、9MeV宜用6mm厚的铅橡皮，12MeV宜用12nm厚的铅橡皮，15MeV宜用30mm厚的铅橡皮，18MeV以上的电子束则不能用铅橡皮，而要特制模块来挡铅。     

广东某职业院校新生乙肝病毒感染状况调查

目的了解新入学大学生中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的感染状况，评价乙型肝炎疫苗在人群的应用效果。为今后的预防控制工作提供依据。方法采用ELISA法检测2876名新生血清的HBV5项血清标志物。在检测的同时，采用问卷方式调查学生乙肝疫苗的接种情况。结果2876名学生中，HBsAg阳性率为4．62％。男生为5．71％，女生为3．67％，男女生之间有显著差异（P〈0．05）HBsAg阳性的5项指标中。以大三阳和小三阳为主。分别占31．58％和51．13％；接种乙肝疫苗的学生1756人。其中男性889人。接种率为61．99％，女性867人。接种率为60．12％，男女大学生差别无显著性（P〉0．05）。其中检测出HBsAb阳性者872人（包括接种者和未接种者），阳性率为30．32％。在接种乙肝疫苗人群中检测到HBsAb阳性率为49．66％。结论新生对乙肝病毒的抵抗力较低下，应加强乙肝疫苗接种。经常进行健康教育，防止乙肝在校园的传播。     

血清总胆汁酸检测在脑血管疾病中的临床意义

目的探讨血清总胆汁酸（TBA）测定在脑血管疾病诊断中的临床意义。方法采用酶法检测脑梗死患者29例，脑出血患者26例及非心脑血管疾病患者30例中血清TBA及血脂水平。结果脑梗死组TBA水平显著高于对照组和脑出血组（t=6.78,3.40,P＜0.01），脑出血组TBA水平也显著高于对照组（t=3.87,P＜0.01）。结论脑梗死和脑出血与血清TBA水平呈正相关，TBA测定有助于脑梗死和脑出血的鉴别诊断。     

An experimental in vivo study of the canine internal mammary artery and its response to vasoactive drugs

The internal mammary artery is clearly the preferred conduit for most patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. However, the hemodynamic responses of this graft to vasoactive agents immediately after bypass have not been documented. We have therefore studied blood flow in the canine internal mammary artery after anastomosis to the left anterior descending artery, and its response to epinephrine, metaraminol, isoproterenol, and calcium chloride. Blood flow in the internal mammary artery clearly paralleled changes in systolic blood pressure with perfusion pressure being of prime importance in maintaining flow in the internal mammary artery. No deleterious effect of systemic vasoconstricting agents was demonstrated. We suggest that the administration of these drugs is safe in patients with internal mammary artery grafts.     

上海市江宁街道20岁及以上人群干眼的流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dry eye in populations equal or over 20 years old in Jiangning District, Shanghai, China. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. From September 2008 to January 2009, 6 small districts including 21 102 people of Jiangning District were randomly selected as survey venues by Department of Ophthalmology in First People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University. Then, 1266 people as the selected residents were enrolled, which was figured out through the random cluster sampling procedure. Every participant completed dry eye questionnaire, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and a series of examination including slit-lamp microscope, tear-film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test, and fluorescein staining of the cornea (F1). The diagnosis of dry eye was referred to the well-accepted domestic diagnostic criteria. The SPSS11.0 software was used to analyze the database, t test,χ2 test, one-way-ANOVA and Logistic regression were used for analysis. Results One thousand and eighty five residents finally took part in this study, and the inclusion ratio was 85.70%. Three hundred and twenty six individuals, including 101 men and 225 women, were diagnosed as dry eye, and the prevalence rate was 30.05%. The prevalence of dry eye in the female (33.78%) was higher than that of the male (24.11%) (χ2=11.46, P<0.01). The prevalence of dry eye in people over 50 years old was higher than that under 50 years (χ2=94.50, P<0.01). The figure of Schirmer Ⅰ test and BUT decreased in elder people, at the same time the scores of F1 and MGD increased. Meanwhile, the score of OSDI in dry eye patients was significantly higher than that in non-dry eye individuals. The relative risk factors of dry eye were gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs. Conclusions The prevalence of dry eye in female is higher than that in the male. And the prevalence of dry eye increases following the aging process. Relative risk factors of dry eye are gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs.     

甲磺酸甲酯对CAOV3细胞端粒酶活性的影响

目的：探讨卵巢癌细胞CAOV3经烷化剂甲磺酸甲酯(MMS)作用后端粒酶活性变化与生长状态之间的关系。方法：台盼蓝拒染法计数活细胞，噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定药物作用浓度，流式细胞术观察细胞凋亡，端粒重复扩增法(TRAP)、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染法检测端粒酶活性。结果：用药组与未用药组活细胞百分率无显著差异。MMS主要使CAOV3细胞受阻予S期，未见凋亡峰。用药组与对照组相出较端粒酶活性增强。结论：MMS对OWV3细胞端粒略活性有上调作用。CA0V3细胞对MMS的抗凋亡效应可能与端粒酶活性上调有关。