试从中医角度认识2019新型冠状病毒肺炎

2019新型冠状病毒肺炎属于中医疫病范畴,临床表现以发热、乏力、干咳为主,少数患者伴有鼻塞、流涕、腹泻等症状,其病位在肺,总的病机为湿郁于肺,治疗的关键环节是尽早正确及时除湿,通腑泄浊。依据四诊合参、审症求因,初步提出分期辨证论治:初期、中期、重症期、恢复期,在临证时需要个体化的中医治疗方案治疗本次疫病。未感染者要早预防,已感染者要早发现、早隔离、早诊断、早治疗。     

磷酸钙骨水泥人工骨的制备及修复兔桡骨大段骨缺损的实验研究

目的制备水泥型羟基磷灰石(CPC)人工骨,并研究CPC人工骨修复兔桡骨大段骨缺损的成骨效果.方法高温法制备出磷酸四钙,然后在模拟体内环境下将其与无水磷酸氢钙发生水化固化反应,合成水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨,将自制的CPC人工骨植入新西兰兔桡骨大段骨缺损模型中,术后4、8、12、16周取材,采用HE染色和Masson三色染色分析评价骨缺损修复效果.结果 CPC植入后4周有新生软骨形成及未成熟的骨组织,可见大量的软骨细胞、成骨细胞、胶原组织及较多的小血管.8～16周新骨继续生成,人工骨逐渐改建为成熟的板层骨、骨小梁和髓腔结构.结论 CPC人工骨制备简单,有良好的生物相容性和成骨效果,可能是一种较理想的骨移植替代材料.     

胶体金法检测幽门螺杆菌的临床价值

目的探讨胶体金法检测幽门螺杆菌感染的临床价值。方法门诊收集153例有上消化道症状的成年患者,均行13C呼气试验、胶体金法和快速尿素酶试验3种方法检查幽门螺杆菌,以13C呼气试验结果为"金标准",余两种检测方法分别与"金标准"进行比较。结果血清胶体金法可靠性较好,优于快速尿素酶法。结论胶体金法检测血清中幽门螺杆菌抗体,有较高的准确率及特异性,取材方便,操作简便,是较为理想的检测幽门螺杆菌感染的方法。     

颅脑超声在诊断新生儿脑室周围-脑室内出血中的应用价值

目的评价颅脑超声在诊断新生儿脑室周围-脑室内出血(PIVH)中的应用价值。方法应用新生儿颅脑超声专用探头对158例患儿进行检查,超声检出的PIVH患儿行CT和MRI检查进行对照分析。结果超声共检出PIVH 42例,MRI、CT对此42例阳性患儿病变检出数分别为42例和30例,超声对PIVH的检出高于CT。结论新生儿颅脑超声检查对PIVH的临床诊断具有重要意义。     

地西他滨对人急性髓系白血病细胞株HL-60的调控作用及其机制研究

目的 研究地西他滨(DAC)对人急性髓系白血病细胞株HL-60体外生长及自然杀伤(NK)细胞活化性受体配体(NKG2DL)表达的调节作用,并探讨JAK-STAT3-SOCS信号通路相关的分子机制.方法 CCK-8法检测DAC对HL-60细胞增殖活性的影响,Annexin-V/PI双标法检测细胞凋亡,流式细胞术检测HL-60细胞表面NKG2DL分子MICA/B、ULBP的表达,羧基荧光素双乙酸盐(CFSE)法检测NK细胞的杀伤活性,蛋白印迹法分析细胞内JAK-STAT3通路中STAT3、STAT3上游激酶JAK1、JAK2及STAT3活性负调控因子细胞因子信号抑制物(SOCS)-1、SOCS-3的蛋白表达水平,甲基化敏感性高分辨率熔解曲线分析(MS-HRM)检测DAC处理后SOCS-1、SOCS-3基因甲基化程度.结果 DAC可抑制HL-60细胞活性:0.2、0.5和1.0 μmol/L DAC处理48 h,HL-60细胞活性较对照组分别下降(25±11)%、(39±8)%和(50±7)%(P<0.01);48 h时,细胞凋亡发生率分别为(24.77±7.50)%、(27.10±4.48)%和(30.53±3.93)%,均较对照组细胞的(3.11±0.50)%增加(P<0.01).DAC可诱导HL-60细胞表面MICA/B、ULBP-1及ULBP-3分子的表达增高,增强HL-60细胞对NK细胞的杀伤敏感性.DAC处理后HL-60细胞内STAT3、JAK1、JAK2及p-STAT3、p-JAK1、p-JAK2表达下降,SOCS-1和SOCS-3蛋白表达增高.DAC可抑制SOCS-3基因甲基化.结论 DAC抑制人急性髓系白血病细胞株HL-60增殖,上调HL-60细胞对NKG2DL的表达,增强NK细胞对其的杀伤活性,其机制可能与细胞内JAK-STAT3-SOCS信号通路的活性调控有关.     

三子胶囊的制备及质量标准研究

目的:制备三子胶囊并建立其质量标准。方法:采用水煎煮法提取药液;以薄层色谱(TLC)法进行定性鉴别,以高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对制剂中栀子苷进行含量测定。结果:在TLC中可检出栀子、诃子、川楝子的特征斑点,阴性对照无干扰;栀子苷线性范围为3.0～30μg.mL-1(r=0.9999),平均回收率为100.06%(RSD=1.17%)。结论:本制备方法合理;定性鉴别和定量方法专属性强、重现性好、准确、可靠,所建标准可用于质量控制。     

CBCT-based bone quality assessment in decompression of large odontogenic cystic lesions

Objectives

Bone quality comprises bone mineral density and trabecular microstructure. The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in evaluating bone quality of large odontogenic cystic lesions after decompression using CBCT and BoneJ software, and to determine whether secondary definitive surgery can be guided using CBCT data.

Methods

Twenty-seven patients with large odontogenic cystic lesions treated by decompression were evaluated by CBCT. Medical history and perioperative details were analyzed.

Results

The \(\Delta\)CT values for all patients with cystic lesions decreased after decompression, with no differences for age, sex, and histology (p?>?0.05). Bone volume fraction and trabecular number of new cancellous bone (0.012%, 0.17/mm³) were lower than those of normal cancellous bone (0.189%, 0.47/mm³) (p?<?0.05), while new cancellous bone trabecular separation (11.344?±?2.556 mm) was stronger than normal cancellous bone trabecular separation (4.833?±?2.232 mm) (p?<?0.05). There were no differences in trabecular thickness between new cancellous bone (3.812?±?1.593 mm) and normal cancellous bone (4.598?±?3.573 mm) (p?=?0.746). The \(\Delta\)CT values of five patients with favorable osteogenesis were ??72, ?86, ??86, ?47, and ??55, those of three patients with moderate osteogenesis were ??107, ?120, and ??71, and those of two patients with poor osteogenesis were ??165 and ??127 during secondary definitive surgery.

Conclusions

CBCT is considered beneficial for evaluating bone quality of large odontogenic cystic lesions after decompression, while providing potentially useful information for referral to secondary definitive surgery.

     

Seawater induces apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells via the Fas/FasL-mediated pathway

Our previous study showed that seawater can cause lung tissue cell apoptosis; in the present study, the immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis results demonstrated that Fas, FasL, and cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3 were up-regulated in the rat lungs exposed to seawater. We found that seawater-induced human lung alveolar epithelial A549 cell apoptosis was concentration and time dependent. Moreover, seawater increased the expression of Fas, FasL, and cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3 in A549 cells. The incubation of A549 cells in the presence of FasL-neutralising antibody (NOK-2) or caspase-8 inhibitor (Z-IETD-FMK) resulted in a decrease of seawater-induced cell apoptosis. NOK-2 inhibited Fas/FasL interaction and reduced the cleavage of caspase-8 and caspase-3, and Z-IETD-FMK blocked caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation. Seawater similarly produced a significant increase in rat alveolar type II cell apoptosis and expression of Fas and cleaved caspase-8. In summary, the Fas/FasL pathway involved in alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) apoptosis could be important in the pathogenesis of seawater-induced acute lung injury (SW-ALI).     

双花喷雾剂治疗小儿上呼吸道感染临床与实验研究

目的：观察双花喷雾剂治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的疗效，探讨其作用机理。方法：将２７６例患儿随机分为两组，治疗组用双花喷雾剂，对照组用双黄连气雾剂；动物实验观察双花喷雾剂抗炎、抗病毒作用。结果：双花喷雾剂治疗总有效率９９．０３％，痊愈率６５．３８％；对照组总有效率９４．１１％，痊愈率４４．１２％，两组总有效率比较差异有显著性意义（Ｐ〈０．０１），治疗组疗效优于对照组。实验研究表明：双花喷雾剂能明显抑制二甲     

黄芩汤的组方配伍研究

实验药理学研究初步证明,全方药理作用及作用强度优于各组成单味药。君药黄芩在方中起主要作用。黄芩配伍芍药有相须作用。甘草、大枣在全方中也起到一定作用。本方缓急止痛的功效,主要是芍药配伍甘草的作用。而清热止痢的功效主要是黄芩的作用。