The phosphodiesterase inhibitor rolipram delivered after a spinal cord lesion promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery

Although there is no spontaneous regeneration of mammalian spinal axons after injury, they can be enticed to grow if cAMP is elevated in the neuronal cell bodies before the spinal axons are cut. Prophylactic injection of cAMP, however, is useless as therapy for spinal injuries. We now show that the phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor rolipram (which readily crosses the blood-brain barrier) overcomes inhibitors of regeneration in myelin in culture and promotes regeneration in vivo. Two weeks after a hemisection lesion at C3/4, with embryonic spinal tissue implanted immediately at the lesion site, a 10-day delivery of rolipram results in considerable axon regrowth into the transplant and a significant improvement in motor function. Surprisingly, in rolipram-treated animals, there was also an attenuation of reactive gliosis. Hence, because rolipram promotes axon regeneration, attenuates the formation of the glial scar, and significantly enhances functional recovery, and because it is effective when delivered s.c., as well as post-injury, it is a strong candidate as a useful therapy subsequent to spinal cord injury.     

胶囊内镜检查对双气囊小肠镜进镜方式选择的指导作用

目的:探讨胶囊内镜检查对双气囊小肠镜进镜方式选择的指导作用．方法:胶囊内镜检查阴性或可疑病变者20例行双气囊小肠镜检查(均在麻醉下进行),包括经口和经肛进镜方式．根据胶囊内镜时间指数 (胶囊内镜从幽门至病灶的通过时间／幽门至回盲瓣的通过时间)选择首次进镜方式,时间指数>0．50时首先考虑经肛进镜检查,对未发现异常者择期改换方式再行检查．分析按胶囊内镜时间指数选择双气囊小肠镜进镜方式的准确性．结果:胶囊内镜检查阴性者5例,行经口双气囊小肠镜检查,有1例在改为经肛检查后检出病灶．胶囊内镜检查怀疑小肠病变者15例,有 12例(80．0％)经双气囊小肠镜结合活检病理确诊．以时间指数>0．50为标准,4例(分别为0．99, 0．8,0．65和0．59)首选经肛进镜检查,后二者(时间指数分别为0．65和0．59)需换从口侧进镜检查而检出病灶;如以时间指数>0．75为标准,该 2例不再需要改换方式再行检查,另2例病变部位被判断为回肠远端,经肛进镜即可准确到达病灶．结论:胶囊内镜检查可指导对双气囊小肠镜进镜方式的选择,时间指数>0．75提示首选经肛进镜检查．     

腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的临床价值

目的　评价腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的准确性。方法　对 89例临床疑诊冠心病患者 ,分别静脉注射腺苷 ,剂量为 14 0 μg·kg-1·min-1,用药时间 6min(总剂量为 0 8mg/kg) ,注射过程中 ,行心电监测 ,观察患者的症状、血压和心率 ,于注射腺苷 3min末 ,静脉注射核素显像剂99mTc MIBI 92 5MBq ,1h后行心肌灌注断层显像 ,若显像异常 ,次日行静息心肌显像。所有患者行冠状动脉造影。结果　在 89例患者中 ,31例冠状动脉造影显示明显的冠状动脉狭窄病变 ,其中单支病变 10例 ,二支病变 11例 ,三支病变 10例。累及左前降支 2 8支 ,左回旋支 18支 ,右冠状动脉 16支 ,左主干 2支。腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的敏感性为 71%、特异性为 91%、阳性预测值81%、阴性预测值 84 %、准确性为 84 %。诊断单支、二支和三支冠状动脉病变患者的敏感性分别为5 0 %、73%、90 %。腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像判断血管病变的敏感性 77%、特异性 96 %、准确性 92 %。结论　腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病敏感性及特异性均较高 ,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

子宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ级患者的术后随诊及其影响因素

目的探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ级（CINⅢ）患者的术后随诊情况及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析1999年1月1日至2004年6月30日北京协和医院收治的293例CINⅢ患者的临床资料,将有液基薄层细胞学（TCT）检查者定义为有效随诊,分析CINⅢ患者的术后随诊情况及其影响因素。结果293例患者中,有效随诊率为66．2％（194／293）。有效随诊的194例患者中18例（9．3％）TCT检查异常。有效随诊患者中,首选宫颈锥切术患者的有效随诊率[70．5％（177／251）]明显高于首选子宫全切除术者[40．5％（17／42）;P〈0．05];接受妇科肿瘤专业医生手术患者的有效随诊率[71．9％（133／185）]明显高于非妇科肿瘤专业医生手术者[56．5％（61／108）;P〈0．01];年龄≥40岁患者的有效随诊率[58．5％（76／130）]明显低于〈40岁者[72．4％（118／163）;P〈0．05];但根据患者的户籍是否在就诊地点,其有效随诊率[外地患者、北京患者的有效随诊率分别为65．9％（58／88）、66．3％（136／205）]比较,差异无统计学意义（P=0．100）。结论年龄≥40岁、接受子宫全切除术和非妇科肿瘤医生诊治明显影响患者的有效随诊率。CINⅢ患者术后的有效随诊率取决于临床医生和患者对本病的认识程度。     

Angiographic uterine artery embolization followed by immediate curettage: an efficient treatment for controlling heavy bleeding and avoiding recurrent bleeding in cervical pregnancy

Two cases of cervical pregnancy with heavy bleeding successfully treated by uterine artery embolization (UAE) followed by immediate curettage are described in this report. Case 1 demonstrated intermittent bleeding after serious bleeding was successfully controlled by UAE. Serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) level rose remarkably after a short time decline. Transvaginal sonography consistently revealed a heterogeneous mass in the cervix. Repeated UAE followed by immediate curettage was performed and complete resolution was achieved. Case 2 was also successfully managed by UAE followed by immediate curettage after failure of medical treatment. This report suggests that UAE followed by immediate curettage is a safe and efficient procedure for controlling heavy bleeding and avoiding recurrent bleeding when fertility capacity is desired in cases of cervical pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity and high beta-hCG concentration.     

西南地区医学院校图书馆微信公众平台服务调查与分析

对我国西南地区10所医学院校图书馆微信公众平台从帐号类型、认证情况、信息首推时间、最近文章点击量、月推送频率、服务功能等方面进行调查,分析存在的问题并提出相关建议,包括加强微信公众平台宣传与推广、重视信息推送频率及质量、加强服务功能开发与规范等。     

高危患者发生医院内获得性压力性损伤现况调查与影响因素分析

目的 调查高危压力性损伤患者发生医院内获得性压力性损伤的现况并分析主要影响因素.方法 跟踪调查1239例高危压力性损伤患者医院内获得性压力性损伤发生情况,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法分析影响因素.结果 高危患者中医院内获得性压力性损伤发生率为8.7％,以尾骶部、2期为主.多因素分析显示:压力性损伤风险评估量...     

A trial of pirfenidone in hospitalized adult patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019

<正>To the Editor: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which broke out in 2019, has become a global pandemic. Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, SARS-CoV-2 could     

Advancement of chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer cells targeting hepatocellular carcinoma

With the advance of genome engineering technology, chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)-based immunotherapy has become an emerging therapeutic strategy for tumors. Although initially designed for T cells in tumor immunotherapy, CARs have been exploited to modify the function of natural killer (NK) cells against a variety of tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CAR-NK cells have the potential to sufficiently kill tumor antigen-expressing HCC cells, independent of major histocompatibility complex matching or prior priming. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in genetic engineering of CAR-NK cells against HCC and discuss the current challenges and prospects of CAR-NK cells as a revolutionary cellular immunotherapy against HCC.