Ⅰ型牛胶原蛋白生物膜对鸡趾屈肌腱损伤术后生物力学的影响

目的:从生物力学角度探讨Ⅰ型牛胶原蛋白生物膜预防肌腱粘连作用。方法:三黄鸡,3月龄,60只,雌雄各半,体重1.5～2.0 kg,以右足第3趾屈趾深肌腱断裂1/2吻合模型,随机分为假手术组、对照组和Ⅰ型牛胶原蛋白生物膜组,再根据取材时间分为2周组、4周组、6周组、8周组4个亚组,术后2、4、6、8周对吻合端周围粘连程度观察和对包括患侧及健侧第3趾关节屈曲角度、肌腱滑动距离、肌腱最大抗断裂负荷的生物力学检测。结果:Ⅰ型牛胶原蛋白生物膜在术后2、4、6、8周,与假手术组及对照组比较,粘连程度评分明显优于假手术组及对照组(P0.05);生物力学指标测定显示,关节屈曲角度、肌腱滑动距离、肌腱最大抗断裂负荷各项指标,实验组均优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:Ⅰ型牛胶原蛋白生物膜可以减少粘连,提高肌腱生物力学指标,具有一定的预防粘连的作用,是一种有效的预防肌腱粘连的新型生物性材料。     

Lack of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase induces structural and functional changes in the heart: role in β-adrenergic receptor-stimulated apoptosis

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) is involved in cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair and apoptosis. β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation induces cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Here we analysed basal myocardial structure and function in ATM knockout (KO) mice and tested the hypothesis that ATM modulates β-AR-stimulated myocyte apoptosis. Left ventricular (LV) structure and function, myocyte apoptosis, fibrosis and expression of fibrosis-, hypertrophy- and apoptosis-related proteins were examined in wild-type (WT) and KO mice with or without l-isoprenaline treatment for 24 h. Body and heart weights were lower in KO mice. M-Mode echocardiography showed reduced septal wall thicknesses and LV diameters in KO mice. Doppler echocardiography showed an increased ratio of early peak velocity (E wave) to that of the late LV filling (A wave) in KO mice. Basal fibrosis and myocyte cross-sectional area were greater in KO hearts. Expression of fibrosis-related genes (connective tissue growth factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) and hypertrophy-related gene (atrial natriuretic peptide) was higher in KO hearts. β-Adrenergic receptor stimulation increased myocyte apoptosis to a similar extent in both groups. Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases and expression and phosphorylation of p53 in response to β-AR stimulation were only observed in the WT group. Akt phosphorylation was lower in KO sham-treated animals and remained lower following β-AR stimulation in the KO group. β-Adrenergic receptor stimulation activated glycogen synthase kinase-3β to a similar extent in both groups. Thus, lack of ATM induces structural and functional changes in the heart, with enhanced myocardial fibrosis and myocyte hypertrophy. β-Adrenergic receptor-stimulated apoptosis in WT hearts is associated with a p53- and JNKs-dependent mechanism, while decreased Akt activity may play a role in increased myocyte apoptosis in the absence of ATM.     

急诊冠状动脉内支架植入治疗急性心肌梗死——围术期死亡和近期预后的研究

为评价急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉腔内成形(PTCA)和冠状动脉内支架植入围术期死亡和近期预后的影响因素,通过对74例行急诊冠状动脉内支架植入的AMI,术后6个月内的临床随访和冠状动脉造影随访,进行多因素相关回归分析。结果表明,多支病变患者的糖尿病、高血压和高血脂的合并比例明显高于单支病变患者;总围术期内死亡率为5.4％,剔除合并心源性休克患者后,死亡率为1.4％;12例75岁以上的患者中,2例死于心源性休克,1例死于心脏破裂,5例心源性休克患者死亡3例;术中非致命性合并症的发生率在单支和多支病变组之间差异无显著性(P>0.05);多元回归分析表明血流动力学状态和患者的年龄是决定AMI患者围术期死亡的独立相关因素;多支病变患者术后6个月内心脏事件发生率明显高于单支病变组;术前和术后6个月内的患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)明显改善;而且单支和多支病变组之间术后6个月时的LVEF之间无显著性差异。     

欧亚旋覆花挥发油的 GC-MS分析

用GC-MS对山西运城地区产欧亚旋覆花挥发油进行化学成分分析.鉴定了欧亚旋覆花挥发油中的62个成分,约占挥发油总成分的68.4%.主要成分为2,3,4,5-四氢-1-苯并噁庚英-3-醇(相对含量4.276%).     

南京口岸1987—1993年艾滋病监测报告

本文报道了南京卫生检疫局1987～1993连续7年对南京口岸重点人群进行艾滋病监测的情况．7年来南京局共监测各类标本43085份，在外籍留学生中检出HIV感染者2例，另外还检出4份进口人血丙种球旦白HIV抗体阳性．该局对检出的2侧HIV感染者及4份阳性进口人血丙种球旦白进行了游行病学调查和处理．并对艾滋病监测管理的有关问题进行了探讨．     

Dietary Acrylamide Intake and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study

Acrylamide is a probable carcinogen in humans. Few studies have assessed dietary acrylamide intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer; however, these studies are based on Western populations. Our purpose was to investigate the association of dietary acrylamide intake with the risk of pancreatic cancer utilizing data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. We evaluated the data of 89,729 participants aged 45–74 years, who replied to a questionnaire on past medical history and lifestyle habits from 1995–1998. Dietary acrylamide intake was estimated utilizing a validated food frequency questionnaire. We calculated the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals by using Cox proportional-hazards regression models. The average follow-up was 15.2 years, and 576 cases of pancreatic cancer were diagnosed. In the multivariate-adjusted model, an association between dietary acrylamide intake and pancreatic cancer risk was not demonstrated (hazard ratio for the highest vs. lowest quartile = 0.83, 95% confidence interval: 0.65–1.05, p for trend = 0.07). Furthermore, in the analyses stratified by sex, smoking status, coffee consumption, green tea consumption, alcohol consumption, and body mass index, no significant association was detected. Dietary acrylamide intake was not associated with the pancreatic cancer risk in Japanese individuals.     

三氯乙烯致敏小鼠肾脏免疫损伤中缓激肽及其受体B1R和B2R的表达水平

目的 研究三氯乙烯(TCE)致敏小鼠肾脏免疫损伤过程中缓激肽及其受体B1R和B2R的表达水平,探讨职业性三氯乙烯药疹样皮炎(ODMLT)的发病机制.方法 将6～8周雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分成空白对照组(5只)、溶剂对照组(5只)、TCE处理组(60只)和PKSI-527+TCE处理组(60只),于动物处理的第1、4、7、]0天进行致敏,第17、19天进行激发,且PKSI-527+TCE处理组在每次激发前24 h进行腹腔内注射抑制剂PKSI-527 (50 mg/kg),末次激发后24、48、72 h和7d处死动物,记录体重和肾脏重量,无菌取血液及肾脏组织,用ELISA法检测血浆BK水平并对肾脏做病理观察,用免疫荧光法检测肾脏组织B1R和B2R表达水平.结果 TCE处理组中的致敏小鼠可见明显的肾脏细胞间质内的炎细胞浸润,肾小管上皮细胞空泡样变性.PKSI-527+TCE处理组中的致敏小鼠的肾脏病理与同时点的TCE致敏组比较,损伤较之明显减轻.24、48和72 h TCE处理组的致敏组小鼠血浆BK表达明显高于溶剂对照组及相应的未致敏组,且72 h明显高于PKSI-527+TCE致敏组的相应时点,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).24、48、72 h和7dTCE处理组的致敏小鼠B1R和B2R在肾脏中的表达水平明显高于溶剂对照组以及相应时点的未致敏组.PKSI-527+TCE致敏组的4个时点的肾脏中B1R和B2R的表达水平都较TCE致敏组的相应时点的表达降低.结论 KKS活化可能参与TCE致敏小鼠的肾脏免疫损伤过程,且BK及其受体B1R和B2R表达改变在此过程中可能发挥重要作用.     

姜黄素对阿尔茨海默病中Aβ诱导的神经毒性保护作用的研究进展

过量β淀粉样蛋白(Amyloidβ,Aβ)的生成、聚集和沉积能引起一系列的神经毒性。姜黄素(Cur-cumin)是一种多酚类化合物,具有抗氧化、降血脂、抗肿瘤等多种生物活性。近年来,姜黄素对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)中Aβ诱导的神经毒性保护作用已引起越来越多的重视。从与Aβ的结合、抑制Aβ的生成、抗氧化、抗炎等方面,综述了姜黄素对Aβ诱导的神经毒性保护作用的研究进展。     

白花蛇舌草抗肿瘤作用及机制最新研究进展

目的:综述白花蛇舌草抗肿瘤作用及机制的最新进展。方法:通过整理近年来国内外对白花蛇舌草抗肿瘤作用及机制的最新研究成果进行归纳总结。结果:现有文献表明白花蛇舌草在体内外均有抗肿瘤作用,其主要作用机制是诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、影响其信号通路、增强免疫功能等。结论:白花蛇舌草的抗肿瘤作用已经得到研究者认可,但其作用机制还不完全明确。