结直肠癌化疗患者自我同情发展轨迹及影响因素分析

目的 探讨结直肠癌化疗患者自我同情发展轨迹的类别及影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。方法 选取179例结直肠癌化疗患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、自我同情量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表分别于化疗前(T1)、第1个周期化疗后(T2)、第3个周期化疗后(T3)及第6个周期化疗后(T4)进行追踪调查。采用潜类别增长分析模型识别自我同情变化轨迹的潜在类别,logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果 患者的自我同情变化轨迹可分为低水平上升组(45.8%)、高水平稳定组(23.5%)、中水平降低组(30.7%)。logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、肿瘤临床分期、有无造口影响自我同情的轨迹类别(均P<0.05)。结论 结直肠癌化疗患者自我同情分为3种变化轨迹,自我同情存在群体异质性,应基于患者自我同情变化轨迹有针对性地进行评估和干预。     

pH and proton-sensitive receptors in brain ischemia

Extracellular proton concentration is at 40 nM when pH is 7.4. In disease conditions such as brain ischemia, proton concentration can reach µM range. To respond to this increase in extracellular proton concentration, the mammalian brain expresses at least three classes of proton receptors. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are the main neuronal cationic proton receptor. The proton-activated chloride channel (PAC), which is also known as (aka) acid-sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channel (ASOR; TMEM206), mediates acid-induced chloride currents. Besides proton-activated channels, GPR4, GPR65 (aka TDAG8, T-cell death-associated gene 8), and GPR68 (aka OGR1, ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1) function as proton-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Though earlier studies on these GPCRs mainly focus on peripheral cells, we and others have recently provided evidence for their functional importance in brain injury. Specifically, GPR4 shows strong expression in brain endothelium, GPR65 is present in a fraction of microglia, while GPR68 exhibits predominant expression in brain neurons. Here, to get a better view of brain acid signaling and its contribution to ischemic injury, we will review the recent findings regarding the differential contribution of proton-sensitive GPCRs to cerebrovascular function, neuroinflammation, and neuronal injury following acidosis and brain ischemia.     

纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架的生物相容性

背景：新型仿生纳米壳聚糖-胶原支架在纳米水平上与细胞外基质结构相似，其是否可促进骨髓间充质干细胞的黏附及生长，并显示良好的相容性？ 目的：评价新型纳米壳聚糖-胶原支架与SD大鼠骨髓基质干细胞的体外相容性。 设计：单一样本观察。 单位：暨南大学附属第一医院骨科。 材料：实验于2007-03/2007-07在暨南大学附属第一医院实验中心完成。选取10只4周龄雌性SD大鼠， SPF级，体质量200 g，由广东省实验动物中心提供(许可证号为SCXK(粤)2003-0002)。实验过程中对动物的处置符合动物伦理学标准。纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架由理工学院生物材料研究室提供。 方法：①分离培养SD大鼠骨髓基质干细胞，流式细胞分析法对细胞表面抗原进行检测。②聚电解质共凝聚技术制作纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架。③取生长良好的P3代，与纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架体外联合诱导培养，以单纯纳米壳聚糖支架材料为对照，通过细胞贴壁率、生长曲线、细胞活力及周期、扫描电镜观察综合评价材料与细胞的相容性。 主要观察指标：①骨髓间充质干细胞分离培养后进行流式细胞表面抗原标志鉴定。②纳米材料及细胞复合2，4，8 d后扫描电镜观察细胞与材料相容情况。③细胞对材料黏附率的测定。④细胞与材料复合5 d检测细胞周期及活力。 结果：①细胞表面抗原标志检测结果：CD29表达为90.86%，CD106表达为73.38%，CD44表达为82.61%，CD34表达为0.76%，CD45表达为0.60%。②细胞与材料相容情况：扫描电镜可见纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架为多孔的三维立体结构，材料内部形成大小不一的大孔和互连的小孔，彼此相互交通。应用质量法测得的孔隙率为85%~90%，孔径为50~300 μm，平均150 μm。骨髓基质干细胞复合到纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架后2 d，细胞呈球形散在分布；4 d 后细胞呈梭形，延展爬行且有伪足与材料表面锚靠；8 d 时细胞增殖，相互间融合，并有大量的细胞外基质分泌，大部分材料颗粒被覆盖。③细胞对材料黏附率：细胞-支架复合物共培养2及6 h，骨髓基质干细胞在纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架的黏附率均高于单纯纳米壳聚糖支架。④纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架与单纯纳米壳聚糖支架的细胞、细胞周期特点比较：纳米壳聚糖-胶原纤维支架细胞活力为96.67%，细胞周期G0-G1为90.81%，G2-M为0.52%，S为8.66%，G2/G1为1.81。单纯纳米壳聚糖支架细胞活力为95.27%，细胞周期G0-G1为87.14%，G2-M为9.69%，S为4.16%，G2/G1为1.80。 结论：纳米壳聚糖-胶原支架与骨髓基质干细胞有良好的组织相容性，可用来做组织工程生物材料。     

Transforming brain signals related to value evaluation and self‐control into behavioral choices

The processes involved in value evaluation and self‐control are critical when making behavioral choices. However, the evidence linking these two types of processes to behavioral choices in intertemporal decision‐making remains elusive. As the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), striatum, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) have been associated with these two processes, we focused on these three regions. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging during a delayed discounting task (DDT) using a relatively large sample size, three independent samples. We evaluated how much information about a specific choice could be decoded from local patterns in each brain area using multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA). To investigate the relationship between the dlPFC and vmPFC/striatum regions, we performed a psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis. In Experiment I, we found that the vmPFC and dlPFC, but not the striatum, could determine choices in healthy participants. Furthermore, we found that the dlPFC showed significant functional connectivity with the vmPFC, but not the striatum, when making decisions. These results could be replicated in Experiment II with an independent sample of healthy participants. In Experiment III, the choice‐decoding accuracy in the vmPFC and dlPFC was lower in patients with addiction (smokers and participants with Internet gaming disorder) than in healthy participants, and decoding accuracy in the dlPFC was related to impulsivity in addicts. Taken together, our findings may provide neural evidence supporting the hypothesis that value evaluation and self‐control processes both guide the intertemporal choices, and might provide potential neural targets for the diagnosis and treatment of impulsivity‐related brain disorders.     

Study on the effect of compound quinesterol on plasma cortisol concentration in fertile women]

This research reports on the concentration of plasma cortisol and the results of an oral glucose tolerance test in 60 fertile women taking quinestrol for between 4 and 13 years. In these women, the mean plasma cortisol concentration was 27.72 +or- 1.05 mcg/100 ml, which was significantly higher than 19.76 +or- 0.86 mcg/100 mg in 20 cases with a history of taking shortacting oral contraceptives and 15.53 +or- 0.50 mcg/100 ml in the normal volunteers. There was no significant difference in mean blood glucose levels between the group taking quinestrol and the control group. The above results indicated that the effect of quinestrol on adrenal cortisol function may be through the negative feedback of t pituitary-adrenal cortex axis. As a result, the levels of plasma cortisol were increased. Small doses of quinestrol had no apparent effect on carbohydrate metabolism.     

药物体外杀灭蛲虫卵的初步研究

本文报告用浸泡法的以常用,消毒液、化学驱虫药、中药及食品等共21个品种体外处理蛲虫卵的结果。实验显示:蛲虫卵经次氯酸钠(1000ppm)、过氧乙酸(1%)等消毒液,南鹤虱、苦楝皮、公丁香、白头翁、露蜂房、五倍子等6种中药煎剂(≈1g/ml生药)及食物青皮大蒜鳞茎液(1:2)、小葱葱白液(1:2)处理后,与未经药物处理的对照虫卵孵出率相比,有非常显著的差异。值得进一步研究。     

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies for hydantoins and analogues as voltage-gated sodium channel ligands

We previously developed a preliminary 3-D QSAR model for the binding of 14 hydantoins to the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel; this model was successful in designing an effective non-hydantoin ligand. To further understand structural features that result in optimum binding, here we synthesized a variety of compound classes and evaluated their binding affinities to the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel using the [3H]-batrachotoxinin A 20-alpha-benzoate ([3H]BTX-B) binding assay. In order to understand the importance of the hydantoin ring for good sodium channel binding, related non-hydantoins such as hydroxy amides, oxazolidinediones, hydroxy acids, and amino acids were included. Two major conclusions were drawn: (1) The hydantoin ring is not critical for compounds with long alkyl side chains, but it is important for compounds with shorter side chains. (2) Relative to Khodorov's pharmacophore, which contains two hydrophobic regions, a third hydrophobic region may enhance binding to provide nanomolar inhibitors.     

Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase as an androgen-independent growth modifier in prostate cancer

Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is an enzyme involved in beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids and bile acid intermediates. Recent work has identified AMACR as a new diagnostic marker for prostate cancer (PCa). The data from the present study suggest that AMACR is also functionally important for the growth of PCa cells. Overexpressed AMACR from both clinical tissues and PCa cell lines is wild type by sequence analysis and functionally active by enzymatic assay. Correspondingly, enzyme activity of AMACR increases approximately 4-fold in PCa in comparison with adjacent normal prostate. Small interference RNA (siRNA) against AMACR, but not the control inverted siRNA, reduced the expression of AMACR and significantly impaired proliferation of the androgen-responsive PCa cell line LAPC-4. No effect was observed in HeLaS3 cells, which express AMACR at a low level. Cell cycle analyses revealed a G(2)-M cell cycle arrest in LAPC-4 cells treated with siRNA compared with mock treatment or control inverted siRNA. Expression of a siRNA-resistant form of AMACR in LAPC-4 cells protects the cells from growth arrest after AMACR-specific siRNA treatment. Data from Western blotting and luciferase-based reporter assays suggest that the function and expression of AMACR are independent of androgen receptor-mediated signaling. Moreover, simultaneous inhibition of both the AMACR pathway by siRNA and androgen signaling by means of androgen withdrawal or antiandrogen suppressed the growth of LAPC-4 cells to a greater extent than either treatment alone. Taken together, these data suggest that AMACR is essential for optimal growth of PCa cells in vitro and that this enzyme has the potential to be a complementary target with androgen ablation in PCa treatment.     

恶性成釉细胞瘤25例临床分析

目的 总结分析恶性成釉细胞瘤的临床特点。方法 回顾分析25例恶性成釉细胞瘤的性别、初诊年龄、原发部位和手术次数、转移瘤部位及出现时间、转移后随访情况、病理类型。结果 男／女为1．5／1。中位年龄30．5岁。下颌骨17例、上颌骨5例,胫骨、肋骨、尺骨各1例。原发灶中位手术次数2．5次。肺转移20例（20／25）,颈淋巴结转移6例（6／25）,肝3例（3／25）,颅内、股骨、胸椎、脾、心肌、纵隔各1例。转移瘤出现的中位时间：12．25年。转移后有死亡记录的5例,中位生存时间2年。病理类型：滤泡型4例、丛状型2例、颗粒细胞型及棘皮瘤型各1例。结论 恶性成釉细胞瘤多有原发灶多次复发手术史,转移瘤出现时间较长,转移部位以肺和颈淋巴结最多见,原发灶第1次手术应力争及时、恰当、彻底。