感染性腹泻疫情中诺如病毒的分子流行病学分析

目的 研究感染性腹泻疫情中诺如病毒的分子流行病学特点.方法 对2008-2010年湖州地区的感染性腹泻疫情标本共119份进行诺如病毒核酸检测,并选取部分阳性扩增产物经序列测定分析诺如病毒的基因型.结果 119份感染性腹泻标本荧光定量PCR检测阳性50份,其中GⅠ型9份,GⅡ型35份,GⅠ和GⅡ混合感染6份.对12份PCR扩增阳性产物进行序列分析显示：5株GⅠ型诺如病毒毒株分属于GⅠ/2和GⅠ/3两种基因型;7株GⅡ型诺如病毒毒株中除1株属于新基因型GⅡb外,其余6株均属于GⅡ/4基因型.结论 诺如病毒是引起湖州地区感染性腹泻疫情最重要的病原菌之一,且湖州地区的诺如病毒存在很高的遗传多样性,同时也存在基因型别的差异.     

Characterizations of Cholinesterases in Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata)

Cholinesterases (ChEs) have been identified in vertebrates and invertebrates. Inhibition of ChE activity in invertebrates, such as bivalve molluscs, has been used to evaluate the exposure of organophosphates, carbamate pesticides, and heavy metals in the marine system. The golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) is considered as one of the worst invasive alien species harmful to rice and other crops. The ChE(s) in this animal, which has been found recently, but poorly characterized thus far, could serve as biomarker(s) for environmental surveillance as well as a potential target for the pest control. In this study, the tissue distribution, substrate preference, sensitivity to ChE inhibitors, and molecular species of ChEs in P. canaliculata were investigated. It was found that the activities of both AChE and BChE were present in all test tissues. The intestine had the most abundant ChE activities. Both enzymes had fair activities in the head, kidney, and gills. The BChE activity was more sensitive to tetra-isopropylpyrophosphoramide (iso-OMPA) than the AChE. Only one BChE molecular species, 5.8S, was found in the intestine and head, whereas two AChE species, 5.8S and 11.6S, were found there. We propose that intestine ChEs of this snail may be potential biomarkers for manipulating pollutions.     

胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效分析

目的 探讨内侧开放式胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧骨关节炎的临床疗效.方法 选取2016年1月至2019年2月于暨南大学附属第一医院骨关节科诊断为膝内侧骨关节炎并行内侧开放式胫骨高位截骨术的患者56例(64膝).纳入标准:膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎;合并胫骨侧内翻畸形.排除标准:炎症性、感染性关节炎;多间室的关节退变;膝关节...     

红细胞CD35在抗原激活淋巴细胞免疫反应中的作用

目的探讨红细胞CD35在抗原激活淋巴细胞免疫反应中的作用。方法用淋巴细胞分离液分离健康成人ACD抗凝全血获得淋巴细胞悬液(1×106/ml)和红细胞悬液(1×108/ml),以灭活腹水癌细胞S180(1×106/ml)作为激活抗原,以自体血浆作为反应基质,考察红细胞对淋巴细胞的调控能力,流式细胞仪检测淋巴细胞表面CD25的表达阳性率。单抗封闭红细胞CD35或EDTA破坏补体,观察淋巴细胞CD25表达的变化。结果CD35单抗封闭后淋巴细胞CD25表达量(18·22%±4·27%)明显降低;EDTA破坏补体后,淋巴细胞CD25表达量(18·79%±3·90%)比ACD抗凝组(23·29%±4·40%)明显降低,与CD35阻断组基本相同,但仍高于Hanks′液对照组(13·19%±2·96%)。结论红细胞CD35和血浆补体对抗原激活淋巴细胞免疫反应起着重要的调控作用;血浆中还存在其他调控淋巴细胞活化的机制。促进红细胞表面CD35分子表达、保持血浆补体活性对提高淋巴细胞免疫活性有着重要意义。     

A validation study of UCSD-Mayo risk score in predicting hospital-acquired acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients

IntroductionAcute kidney injury (AKI) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is associated with poor prognosis. Early prediction and intervention of AKI are vital for improving clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients. As lack of tools for early AKI detection in COVID-19 patients, this study aimed to validate the USCD-Mayo risk score in predicting hospital-acquired AKI in an extended multi-center COVID-19 cohort.MethodsFive hundred seventy-two COVID-19 patients from Wuhan Tongji Hospital Guanggu Branch, Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital, and Wuhan No. Ninth Hospital was enrolled for this study. Patients who developed AKI or reached an outcome of recovery or death during the study period were included. Predictors were evaluated according to data extracted from medical records.ResultsOf all patients, a total of 44 (8%) developed AKI. The UCSD-Mayo risk score achieved excellent discrimination in predicting AKI with the C-statistic of 0.88 (95%CI: 0.84–0.91). Next, we determined the UCSD-Mayo risk score had good overall performance (Nagelkerke R² = 0.32) and calibration in our cohort. Further analysis showed that the UCSD-Mayo risk score performed well in subgroups defined by gender, age, and several chronic comorbidities. However, the discrimination of the UCSD-Mayo risk score in ICU patients and patients with mechanical ventilation was not good which might be resulted from different risk factors of these patients.ConclusionsWe validated the performance of UCSD-Mayo risk score in predicting hospital-acquired AKI in COVID-19 patients was excellent except for patients from ICU or patients with mechanical ventilation.     

Greater Curvature Plication with Duodenal–Jejunal Bypass: a Novel Metabolic Surgery for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective

The study investigated the use of great curvature plication with duodenal–jejunal bypass (GCP-DJB) in a type 2 diabetic with obesity rat model.

Methods

Twenty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were given a high fat and sugar diet with subsequent intraperitoneal injection of a small dosage of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) and randomly assigned to either GCP-DJB (n?=?12) or Sham surgery (n?=?10). Body weight, peripheral blood glucose, and fasting serum insulin were assayed, and insulin resistance index (IRI) was calculated, before and at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery.

Results

No differences were found in the preoperative characteristics of the two groups (P?>?0.05). At week 1, the body weights decreased significantly, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P?>?0.05).The fasting blood glucose was significantly lower in the GCP-DJB than in the Sham group (P?<?0.05), serum insulin levels were higher (P?<?0.05), and IRI began to decline (P?<?0.05). From 2 to 8 weeks, the body weight of Sham group gradually recovered and continued to rise, while the GCP-DJB group remained at a relatively lower state. Compared to the Sham group, the body weight, fasting blood glucose as well as IRI of GCP-DJB rats had significantly decreased (P?<?0.05). But, the fasting insulin concentrations had significantly increased (P?<?0.05).

Conclusion

This novel GCP-DJB procedure established a stable animal model for the study of metabolic surgery to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

     

Detection of human papillomavirus genotypes associated with mucopurulent cervicitis and cervical cancer in Changchun,China

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among Chinese patients with mucopurulent cervicitis (MPC) or cervical cancer (CC).MethodsIn total, 191 cases of CC (n = 66), acute MPC (n = 84), and healthy cervix controls (n = 41) were initially included; samples were collected between May 21, 2008, and October 9, 2011. Cervical specimens were screened for HPV using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay and DNA sequencing.ResultsOverall prevalence of HPV infection was 20.0% in the control group, 53.3% in the MPC group, and 93.8% in the CC group. The predominant genotype detected in all 3 groups was the oncogenic variant HPV 16 (87.7%, 18.7%, and 10.0% in the CC, MPC and control specimens, respectively). The second most frequent genotype among patients with MPC was HPV 58. This variant is also oncogenic and was detected at a higher rate in the MPC group (9.3%) than in the control (2.5%) and CC (1.5%) groups.ConclusionInfection with HPV was prevalent among Chinese women with MPC or CC. Furthermore, the high prevalence of oncogenic genotypes observed among HPV-positive patients with MPC suggests that this group is at increased risk of developing CC.     

中高度近视选择LASEK术前的预防性视网膜光凝的疗效观察

目的:评价中、高度近视选择LASEK术前的预防性视网膜光凝的疗效。方法:对中、高度近视患者279例551眼术前美多丽滴眼液充分散瞳后,用90D裂隙灯前置镜或三面镜详细检查眼底,明确有视网膜变性(格子样变性、蜗牛样变性、囊样变性等)或(伴)有干性裂孔共18例26眼,行倍频Nd:YAG532nm激光治疗并选择LASEK手术矫正近视。结果:对18例26眼行预防性倍频Nd:YAG532nm激光光凝术后周边视网膜变性及干性裂孔区封闭良好,色素斑形成明显。LASEK术后6～18mo随访,没有发生孔源性视网膜脱离。结论:对明确有视网膜变性或(伴)干性裂孔预防性行倍频Nd:YAG532nm激光光凝术及选择LASEK术矫正近视是预防准分子激光术后出现孔源性视网膜脱离的重要措施。     

阳江高本底和对照地区癌亡病例对照研究

本研究的目的是探索高本底和对照两地区癌亡与环境诱变因素问的关系, 以进一步分析造成两地区癌症死亡率差异的原因和正确地估价高本底辐射在其中的作用。所研究的肝癌、胃癌和肺癌病仞高本底地区分别为64、28和17例, 对照地区分别为75, 36和13例。病例和对照数的比例肝癌为1:1, 胃癌和肺癌为l:2.研究的因素包括职业, 受教育程度, 经济收入、居住史和居住条件等一般社会经济状况, 农药使用, 吸烟、饮酒、饮食以及医用诊断x线照射情况等。     

Treatment of a Pediatric Case of Severe Hemorrhagic Cystitis: Case Report and Review of Literature

Hemorrhagic cystitis is one of the complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis is difficult, especially in pediatric patients. A pediatric case of severe hemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was treated in our hospital with arterial embolization combined with corticosteroid therapy because the conventional therapy was invalid for him. After the treatment, hemorrhagic cystitis was cured. During follow-up, the patient was in stable condition, with normal urine, blood cells returned to normal, bone marrow was in complete remission state, and disease-free survival for more than 8 months. Selective bladder arterial embolism followed by corticosteroid therapy successfully treated the patient.