Le brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) : rôle de cette neurotrophine dans la physiopathologie cardiovasculaire

Neurotrophic-factors research is dominated by neurotrophins (NT): a family of polypeptides which includes molecules such as Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). They are homodimeric polypeptides. NTs interact with classes of receptors on responsive cells: protein-tyrosine kinase-type receptors (Trk family). It is well established that the levels of NT determine the balance between cell survival and apoptosis during neural development. Recently, it has been shown that BDNF played a role in the etiology of some cardiovascular diseases: induction of angiogenesis in ischemic issues. Plasma BDNF was increased in the circulation in patients with unstable angina. BDNF was expressed in atheromatous intima and adventitia in human coronary artery. Our own studies suggest that BDNF serum levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction or under cardiopulmonary bypass could related to platelet activation, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Thus, investigations of this new factor: BDNF will help to better understand vascular development and may lead to new therapeutic strategies for some cardiovascular diseases.