Development and Psychometric Testing of the Suicidal Recovery Ability Scale (SRAS) for Assessing Individuals Who Have Attempted Suicide

Assessing the recovery ability of individuals who have attempted suicide is crucial for psychiatric health nurses. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a psychometric Suicidal Recovery Ability Scale (SRAS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that three subscales with 15 items best fit the data. The global SRAS score showed significant negative correlation with the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) score. The Cronbach’s α and test-retest reliability scores for the global SRAS and the subscales all exceeded 0.70. Nurses can use the SRAS to assess the recovery ability of individuals who have attempted suicide and provide proper care to help them.     

Ultrasound can Modulate Neuronal Development: Impact on Neurite Growth and Cell Body Morphology

Neuronal development is known to be a dynamic process that can be modulated by presenting guidance cues to neuronal cells. We show that ultrasound, when applied at pulsed settings and with intensities slightly greater than clinical diagnosis levels, can potentially act as a repulsive cue for modulating neuronal growth dynamics. Using differentiated Neuro-2a cells as the model, we have examined in vitro how neuronal development can change during and after exposure to 1-MHz ultrasound for different acoustic settings. Neurite retraction and cell body shrinkage were found in neuronal cells over a 10-min exposure period with 1.168 W/cm² spatial-peak, time-averaged intensity (based on 0.84 MPa peak acoustic pressure, 100-cycle pulse duration, and 500-Hz pulse repetition frequency). These effects were found to result in instances of neuronal cell body displacement. The extent of the effects was dependent on acoustic intensity, with peak acoustic pressure being a more important contributing factor compared with pulse duration. The morphological changes were found to be non-destructive, in that post-exposure neurite outgrowth and neuritogenesis were respectively observed in neurite-bearing and neurite-less neuronal cells. Our results also showed that mechanotransduction might be involved in mediating ultrasound-neuron interactions, as the morphological changes were suppressed if stretch-activated ion channels were blocked or if calcium messenger ions were chelated. Overall, these findings suggest that ultrasound can potentially influence how neuronal cells develop through modifying their cytomechanical characteristics.     

基于新型扫频光源生物测量仪测量的全角膜屈光力和传统角膜屈光力计算IOL度数的准确性比较

目的：比较基于新型扫频光源生物测量仪测量的全角膜屈光力（TK）和传统角膜屈光力（K）计算人工晶状体（IOL）度数的准确性。方法：前瞻性自身对照研究。收集2021年5—11月在北京大学人民医院眼科因双眼年龄相关性白内障行白内障超声乳化联合衍射型三焦点IOL植入术的患者29例（58 眼）。使用IOLMaster 700扫频光学生物测量仪进行术前眼轴长度、前房深度、中央角膜厚度、晶状体厚度、前后表面角膜屈光力、TK、白到白角膜直径的测量。分别使用K和TK按照目前常用IOL度数计算公式（SRK/T、Haigis、Holladay2及Barrett Universal Ⅱ）及额外新增加的Barrett TK Universal Ⅱ公式计算IOL度数及预测屈光度数。术后1、3个月进行最佳矫正远视力检查及主觉验光。计算绝对预测误差、绝对预测误差均值、绝对预测误差中位数（MedAE）及各个公式预测误差值在±0.25、±0.50、±0.75、±1.00D内所占的百分比。采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验和McNemar's卡方检验进行数据分析。结果：TK值和K值的差异平均值（TK-K）为0.007D,二者之间的组内相关系数为0.996 （P<0.001）,提示二者之间有良好的一致性。在Haigis和Barrett Universal Ⅱ公式,使用TK值计算的MedAE略小于K值计算的MedAE;在SRK/T和Holladay2公式,使用K值计算的MedAE略小于TK值计算的MedAE。Barrett TK Universal Ⅱ比Barrett Universal Ⅱ公式预测误差值在±0.25、±0.50D内所占的百分比略高,而SRK/T、Haigis及Holladay2公式K值计算比TK值计算预测误差值在±0.25、±0.50D内所占的百分比略高,差异均没有统计学意义。结论：基于新型扫频光源生物测量仪测量的TK值在不同IOL度数计算公式中的IOL度数计算的准确性与K值一致,利用TK值在Barrett TK Universal Ⅱ公式的计算准确性更高。     

靶向DNA损伤修复延缓衰老的研究进展

基因组不稳定是衰老的首要特征,而DNA损伤作为影响基因组稳定性的主要原因之一,长期被认为是诱发衰老的关键因素。本文综述了DNA损伤修复与衰老的内在关联,总结了DNA损伤诱导衰老发生的机制的最新研究进展,还探讨了靶向DNA损伤修复以延缓衰老的可能性及潜在风险。