脑干听觉诱发电位、CT在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病中的诊断价值

目的:应用脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)结合CT为诊断新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)及分度提供科学诊断依据。方法:采用ZABR—200型脑干反应测听仪及西德SomatomDR型高分辨全身扫描机对30例HIE患儿进行检测和扫描。结果:BAEP:正常4例(13.3％),异常26例(86.7％),CT:轻度异常8例,中度异常14例,重度异常8例。结论:本研究CT所示脑损伤程度与临床表现程度有密切关系,BAEP检查敏感性高,影响因素小,结果准确可靠,对诊断HIE,预测和评价预后,指导治疗均有一定的价值。     

三七皂苷R1保护四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化模型大鼠的作用

背景：前期研究发现,三七总皂苷对小鼠免疫性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。 目的：探究三七皂苷R1对四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化模型大鼠的治疗作用。 方法：用四氯化碳诱导SD雄性大鼠制备肝纤维化模型,给药组按照60 mg/kg的剂量给予30 g/L三七皂苷R1溶液, 1次/d,连续4周和6周。对照组及模型组给予同体积的生理盐水,采用苏木精-伊红染色及Masson染色观察肝脏组织结构和纤维化程度分期;反转录-定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测法检测Ⅰ型胶原、α-平滑肌激动蛋白和转化生长因子β1表达水平。实验方案经昆明医科大学动物实验伦理委员会批准(批准号为approval No. KMMU2018018)。 结果与结论：①肝组织病理学显示,与模型组相比,三七皂苷R1能显著减轻纤维增生程度;②与模型组相比,三七皂苷R1组Ⅰ型胶原、α-平滑肌激动蛋白和转化生长因子β1表达水平显著降低(P < 0.05),三七皂苷R1给药4周与6周组比较差异无显著性意义;③结果提示,三七皂苷R1对四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化模型大鼠具有一定的治疗作用。 ORCID: 0000-0002-0755-1476(吴朕) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

电极间距与电极直径对恒功率下双极射频熔脂效果影响的研究

在双极射频应用于局部脂肪堆积的无创治疗的过程中,关于双极射频设备的部分设计参数目前还没有形成统一的规范。采用有限元方法和离体实验,分析双极射频熔脂时不同参数对组织熔脂效果的影响,寻求在双极射频尽量不会对皮肤层造成热损伤的同时,实现较大范围熔脂效果的熔脂参数配置。采用COMSOLMultiphysics进行生物组织热电耦合的有限元分析;为验证模型有效性,采用一种自研的单路双极射频输出设备,对离体猪腹部组织进行实验。有限元分析结果显示:经双极射频加热30min后,在功率为10W,电极球直径分别为3、5、8mm,电极间距分别为2和3cm的熔脂参数配置下,皮肤层的最终温度低于热损伤阈值温度,且部分脂肪层在热损伤区域内;域点探针所显示的脂肪层热损伤区域内的温度变化曲线满足熔脂温度要求。不同熔脂参数配置,对双极射频加热下组织内的温度分布具有显著影响。在10W功率下,采用直径为8mm的球型电极,电极按压皮肤的深度为1mm,在电极间距分别为2和3cm的条件下,脂肪层内产生最大面积的连续热损伤区域和点状热损伤区域,热损伤区域的面积分别为2.84和2.55cm²。相同熔脂参数配置的离体实验表明,与组织模型相同位置处的热电偶探针的最终温度和对应的域点探针相差0.92℃±0.43℃。有限元分析结果和实验结果基本一致。由仿真结果和实验结果可知,上述熔脂参数配置可使双极射频不会对皮肤层造成热损伤,同时在脂肪层内产生有效的热损伤区域,并且热损伤区域内的温度达到了熔脂要求。合理的熔脂参数配置是决定双极射频熔脂是否成功的一项关键因素。     

Monosomy 7p in meningiomas: a rare constituent of tumor progression

We present karyotypes of 15 meningiomas with structural aberrations of chromosome 7, which were taken from a consecutive series of 400 cytogenetically characterized meningiomas. Twelve of these tumors (80%) displayed partial or complete monosomy 7p with a consensus deleted region of 7p12 approximately pter, in 6 of 15 cases arising from an unbalanced whole-arm t(1;7)(q11;p11), and in 4 of 15 cases from a whole-arm translocation involving other chromosomes. Other types of partial aneusomy 7 (3/15 cases) or balanced aberrations of chromosome 7 (2/15 cases) were relatively rare. In most cases (11/15), the centromeric region of chromosome 7 was involved in the rearrangements. We conclude that in meningiomas, the near-centromeric region of chromosome 7 is particularly prone to structural rearrangements most frequently resulting in monosomy 7p. The investigation of the histopathologic features of this rare cytogenetic subgroup of meningiomas showed no clear genotype/phenotype correlation. As 7 of 11 of the meningiomas with monosomy 7p belonged to World Health Organization grades II or III, which usually comprise less than 20% of all meningiomas, partial loss of 7p appears to be involved in tumor progression in meningiomas. Because monosomy 7p is typically associated with the strongly progression-associated monosomy 1p, however, monosomy 7p represents a cofactor more than a stand-alone feature of meningioma progression.     

G protein-coupled receptor 154 gene polymorphism is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in a Chinese population

BACKGROUND: A new asthma susceptibility gene, the G protein-coupled receptor for asthma susceptibility (GPRA, GPR154), has recently been identified and the association was replicated in 2 white populations, but not in a Korean population. OBJECTIVE: To test the association between GPR154 gene polymorphisms and airway responsiveness to methacholine in a Chinese population. METHODS: Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GPR154 gene were genotyped in 451 cases and 232 controls in stage I. The association of 1 SNP, rs324981, was tested in an additional 264 case and 241 control subjects in stage II. Both single marker and haplotype associations were tested. RESULTS: In stage I, we found that airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine was associated with 2 single SNPs, rs324981 and rs324987, but not with the haplotypes of GPR154. The minor allele homozygotes of rs324981 (AA) and rs324987 (TT) were at a significantly lower risk of hyperresponsiveness to methacholine with odds ratios of 0.59 (P=.02) and 0.56 (P=.01), respectively. In stage II, we found a similar trend of association between rs324981 and airway hyperresponsiveness (P=.09). In the pooled analysis, the odds ratio of the AA homozygote of rs324981 was 0.61 (P=.004). The permutation test resulted in a study-wide empirical P value of .023, which meant that the association remained significant after adjustment for multiple tests. CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports a role of the GPR154 gene in asthma susceptibility and suggests that the AA homozygote of rs324981 is a protective factor for airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in a Chinese population. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Our findings confirmed a role of GPR154 in the genetic susceptibility of asthma and suggest that GPR154 polymorphism should be taken into consideration to improve the assessment of an individual's risk of asthma.     

白血病抑制因子抑制神经元凋亡及促进内源性神经干细胞的增殖**

背景：研究表明白血病抑制因子能提升内源性神经干细胞的增殖及改变其分化方向,但还没有研究证实其是否能影响神经元的凋亡。 目的：观察白血病抑制因子干预下神经元的凋亡及内源性神经干细胞的增殖情况,以及二者是否有一定相关性。 方法：c57BL小鼠32只,随机分为假手术组,白血病抑制因子组,帕金森病组及正常对照组。除正常对照组外,其他3组均接受三维脑立体定向注射6-羟基多巴胺制备小鼠帕金森病模型。造模后2 h,假手术组只接受ALZET锇药物泵导管植入术,但不植入泵导管;白血病抑制因子组接受ALZET锇药物泵导管植入术,经泵导管将白血病抑制因子直接缓慢释放到脑脊液中,帕金森病组给予生理盐水。 结果与结论：与帕金森病组相比,白血病抑制因子组小鼠运动功能明显改善,内源性神经干细胞显著增殖,凋亡细胞数呈显著性下降,二者之间存在相互关系。白血病抑制因子可能是一种能有效重建变性神经系统的神经营养因子。     

Effects of hand clasping and arm folding on academic performance*

BACKGROUND：Similar to handedness, hand clasping and arm folding are also lateral preferences. Previous studies showed a variation frequency for hand clasping and arm folding among different populations. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the relationship between patterns of lateral preferences （hand clasping or arm folding） and academic performance of middle school students. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTINGS： Cross-sectional investigation. The data were collected in the Beijing Zhongguancun High School in Beijing in May 2007. Data analysis was performed in the State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University during June to July 2007. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 102 senior-grade students from Beijing Zhongguancun High School, including 58 males and 44 females, were selected for this study. METHODS： Different forms of hand clasping and arm folding were recorded. More specifically, hand clasping was either right-thumb-top or left-thumb-top, and arm folding was either right-arm-top or left-arm-top. Students with congruent preference used right-thumb-top-right-arm-top or left-thumb-top-left-arm-top, and incongruent preference was displayed by right-thumb-top-left-arm-top or left-thumb-top-right-arm-top. Academic performances were collected from midterm exams in six subjects （Chinese, Mathematics, English, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology）, with a total points = 100 for each. A three-way （hand clasping, arm folding, and sex） ANOVA was performed to determine the effect on academic performances. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The relationship between hand clasping, arm folding, sex, and academic performance of students. RESULTS： （1） There was no significant difference in distribution frequency between right-thumb-top and left-thumb-top （P 〉 0.05）, or between right-arm-top and left-arm-top （P 〉 0.05）. The distribution frequency difference between boys and girls was not significant for any subtype （P 〉 0.05）. （2） hand clasping had no significant main effect on an     

复式脉冲体外碎石机的临床应用分析

目的总结复式脉冲体外碎石治疗泌尿系结石的经验。方法应用复式脉冲体外碎石机治疗泌尿系结石患者1206例,其中肾结石508例,输尿管结石603例,膀胱结石95例,结石大小0.4cm×0.5cm~2.5cm×2.5cm。碎石机工作电压4~8.5kV,放电次数1500~3000。结果肾结石的治愈率58.3%(296/508),输尿管结石的治愈率72.7%(438/603),膀胱结石的治愈率82.4%(78/95),并发症:81.8%(986/1206)的患者复式脉冲体外碎石治疗后有不同程度肉眼血尿,13.6%(164/1206)的患者出现肾绞痛,14例患者治疗后出现高热,2例患者出现肾被膜下血肿。结论体外复式脉冲碎石技术应作为泌尿系结石的首选治疗方法。