巨大毛囊皮脂腺囊性错构瘤

报告1例巨大毛囊皮脂腺囊性错构瘤。患者男,29岁,左眼眶外侧及颞部出现红色丘疹20年,增大为结节和斑块8年。皮肤科检查:左眼眶外侧暗红色结节,部分与额部暗红色斑块相连,结节和斑块表面见多处凹陷,质地软,无触痛,无内容物挤出。左眼眶外侧结节组织病理检查:真皮中部可见多个畸形的毛囊结构,毛囊漏斗部扩张,与增生的皮脂腺小叶相连,周围有增生硬化的胶原,真皮浅中层可见增生的毛细血管。诊断:巨大毛囊皮脂腺囊性错构瘤。     

胰岛细胞瘤体素内不相干运动参数与CT灌注参数的相关性

目的评估胰岛素瘤体素内不相干运动(IVIM)相关参数和CT灌注参数及病理学分级的相关性。方法前瞻性收集北京协和医院怀疑胰岛素瘤且行IVIM和CT灌注扫描的患者共55例,对图像进行后处理得到IVIM相关参数[包括表观扩散系数(ADC)、真实扩散系数(D)、灌注相关扩散系数(D*)和灌注分数(f)]和CT灌注参数[包括血流量(BF)、血容量(BV)和渗透性(PM)]。对术后病理标本进行染色获得病理学指标(包括分级、ki-67指数和核分裂相)。比较正常胰腺不同解剖部位及正常胰腺与胰岛素瘤的IVIM相关参数差异。分析IVIM参数与CT灌注参数及病理学指标的相关性。结果胰尾ADC值及D值均明显减低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。胰岛素瘤及正常胰腺的所有IVIM参数差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。正常胰腺的ADC值、f值与BF呈正相关(r=0.437,P=0.003;r=0.357,P=0.010),余IVIM相关参数与CT灌注参数均无相关性(P均>0.05)。IVIM参数与胰岛素瘤病理学分级指标间均无相关性(P均>0.05)。结论正常胰腺的不同解剖部位的I...     

顺铂或奈达铂联合紫杉醇治疗宫颈癌的疗效比较

目的 对比分析顺铂或奈达铂与紫醇联合治疗宫颈癌的疗效。方法 选择2012年2月-2015年12月在宁强县天津医院进行诊治的宫颈癌患者160例,按照使用化疗药物的不同分为顺铂组和奈达铂组。顺铂组采取TP化疗方案,奈达铂组采取TN化疗方案,对比两组的疗效、化疗不良反应、住院时间和治疗费用。结果 顺铂组的有效率为79.26%,与奈达铂组的82.05%相比无明显差异;奈达铂组Ⅰ~Ⅳ级血红蛋白降低、白细胞减少的发生率均明显高于顺铂组（P<0.05）,但两组间Ⅲ~Ⅳ级血红蛋白降低、血小板和白细胞减少发生率无明显差异,奈达铂组Ⅰ~Ⅳ级和Ⅲ~Ⅳ级恶心、呕吐发生率均明显低于顺铂组（P<0.05）;奈达铂组患者的住院时间明显短于顺铂组（P<0.05）;奈达铂组的治疗费用与顺铂组相比无明显差异。结论 顺铂或奈达铂与紫杉醇联合应用于宫颈癌辅助化疗的疗效相似,奈达铂的胃肠道不良反应比顺铂更低,骨髓抑制尽管增加但仍可控,采用奈达铂化疗较顺铂缩短了住院时间,且住院费用并无明显增加,患者更易接受。     

人工智能知识图谱和图像分类用于胸部后前位X线片质量控制

目的 观察人工智能(AI)知识图谱和图像分类对胸部后前位X线片(简称胸片)质量控制(QC)的价值。方法 回顾性分析安徽省影像云平台中595家医疗机构共9 236幅胸片,构建包含21个分类标签的QC知识图谱。先由10名技师据此对胸片进行2轮单人QC和1轮多人QC,分别将结果记为A、B、C;再以AI算法进行分类评估,将结果记为D。最后由1名QC专家对C、D进行审核并确定最终QC结果,以之为参考评估上述4种QC效果。结果 AI算法用于胸片QC的曲线下面积(AUC)均≥0.780,平均AUC为0.939。A、B、C、D胸片QC的平均精确率分别为81.15%、85.47%、91.65%、92.21%。结论 AI知识图谱和图像分类技术可有效用于胸部后前位X线片QC。     

空心莲子草总皂苷对D-半乳糖胺肝损伤的保护作用

目的通过实验考察空心莲子草总皂苷对小鼠化学性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用D-半乳糖胺制备肝损伤小鼠模型。测定各组动物血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）的活性和肝脏丙二醛（MDA）的含量，并取肝脏作病理组织学检查。结果空心莲子草总皂苷可降低损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST的活性和MDA的含量。结论空心莲子草总皂苷对小鼠化学性肝损伤有一定的保护作用。     

民国时期上海主要中医药团体简介

在评价近代上海的中医活动及其影响时,中医团体的地位不容忽视。上海是我国最先创办中医团体的地区。在20世纪前半叶的近50年中,上海的中医团体活动十分活跃,具有创办时间早,组织规模大,团体数量多,活动影响广等特点,其辐射出的作用和影响在近代我国的中医发展史中也扮演着十分重要的角色。     

Anti-Corrosion Performance of Migratory Corrosion Inhibitors on Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Varying Degrees of Chloride Erosion

This study investigated the anti-corrosion performance of commercial amino alcohol migratory corrosion inhibitors (MCIs) on concrete that underwent varying degrees of chloride erosion. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PD), scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analyses were performed to study the anti-corrosion performance and mechanism of the MCIs on the steel bars. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of the steel bars in concrete was significantly improved by coating with the MCIs, and the earlier the specimens were coated with the MCIs, the higher the anti-corrosion efficiency. The anti-corrosion efficiency was 55.35% when the MCIs coating was applied before chloride erosion; however, the anti-corrosion efficiency decreased to 3.40% when the MCIs coating was applied after the ninth drying–wetting cycle. The improvement in corrosion resistance of the steel bar in concrete coated with MCIs was due to the protective MCIs-molecule film that formed on the steel bar surfaces, and the oxidative dissolution of iron at the anode was effectively inhibited by the MCIs coating.     

Successful limb salvage in progressive proximal tibia osteosarcoma following denosumab chemotherapy: A case report

Rationale:Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that originates in the mesenchymal tissue. It is the most common type of pleomorphic tumor occurring in children and adolescents. Currently, there is no established systematic treatment for OS that progresses during standard preoperative chemotherapy.Patient concerns and diagnoses:We describe a 14-year-old male patient with a 4-month history of pain in the upper right leg. Based on the results of percutaneous biopsy, a diagnosis of OS was made. After admission, the patient was treated with first-line chemotherapy agents. After a single course of treatment, the tumor progressed locally and no limb salvage was feasible.Interventions and outcomes:Intervention with denosumab combined with chemotherapy led to a significant reduction in tumor volume and ossification of soft tissue, which successfully resulted in limb salvage rather than amputation. The patient showed no evidence of recurrent or distant metastasis at 6-month follow-up.Lessons:Treatment with receptor activator of nuclear factor-ĸB ligand inhibitor denosumab combined with standard chemotherapy is effective for advanced OS progressing after chemotherapy. We recommend denosumab therapy for successful limb salvage in patients with high-grade OS associated with osteolytic bone destruction and refractory to preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy.     

Associations between Abnormal Eating Styles and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study among Medical School Students

(1) Background: Few studies have investigated the association between eating styles and IBS. This study aimed to explore the association between abnormal eating styles and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated students in China Medical University and Shenyang Medical College. Eating styles were evaluated by the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), and IBS was diagnosed according to Rome III criteria. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). (3) Results: A total of 335 students were diagnosed with IBS. Students with the total scores in tertile 2 and 3 had 1.29 times and 2.75 times higher risk of IBS than students with the total scores in tertile 1, respectively. Simultaneously, the risk of IBS in the tertile 3 of external eating, emotional eating, and restraint eating trends was 3.87 times, 2.71 times, and 3.82 times higher than that of tertile 1, respectively. (4) Conclusions: this study showed that a high score in both total eating styles and each eating style was associated with the odds of having IBS and suggested that the psychological factors behind eating styles may play a critical role in controlling the IBS.     

Time-Dependent Seismic Fragility of Typical Concrete Girder Bridges under Chloride-Induced Corrosion

Recent studies highlighted the importance of the combined effects of prestress loss and corrosion deterioration for concrete girder bridge structures when the effect of damage on the performance level is estimated. The multi-deterioration mechanisms connected with chloride erosion include the cross-sectional area loss of longitudinal bars and stirrups, the reduction in the ductility, the decrease in the strength of steels and the strength loss of concrete in RC columns. For the corroded RC columns and corroded elastomeric bridge bearings, analytical models of the material degradation phenomena were employed for performing the probabilistic seismic performance analysis, which could obtain the system seismic fragility of aging bridges by considering the failure functionality of multiple correlated components (e.g., columns, bearings). The combined effects of prestress loss and cracking were also considered when developing time-dependent system seismic fragility functions. Here, a typical multi-span reinforced concrete girder bridge was used as a case study for studying the time-variant seismic performance. The results revealed the importance of the joint effects of the multi-deterioration mechanisms when modeling the time-dependent seismic fragility of aging bridge systems, as well as the significance of considering the combined effects of prestress loss and cracking.