双边栝楼中栝楼酯碱的结构研究

自双边栝楼(TrichosanthesrosthorniiHarms)干燥果皮的脂溶性部分分离到一个新生物碱,经核磁共振谱、质谱和红外光谱等数据分析,确定结构为α-(苯甲酰胺)-苯丙酸-3-[(1-苯基)亚乙基]氨-2-羟基丙酯(Ⅰ),命名为栝楼酯碱(trichosanatine)。     

Comparison of high resolution cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridisation, and DNA studies to validate the diagnosis of Prader-Willi and Angelman's syndromes

Eighty seven referrals with Prader-Willi syndrome and 49 with Angelman's syndrome were studied. High resolution cytogenetics was performed on all probands. Molecular studies, performed on the proband and both parents in each case, utilised multiple probes from within and distal to the 15(q11-13) region in order to establish the presence of DNA deletion or uniparental disomy. In addition, FISH, with probes at D15S11 and GABR beta 3 from the Prader-Willi syndrome/Angelman's syndrome region, was performed on a subset of 25 of these patients. In the referral group with Prader-Willi syndrome, 62 patients had a normal karyotype and 25 were deleted on high resolution cytogenetics. Twenty nine were found to be deleted with DNA techniques. In the Angelman's syndrome group, 37 had a normal karyotype and 12 were deleted on high resolution cytogenetics while 26 were deleted on molecular studies. The diagnosis was reassessed in 35 referrals with Prader-Willi syndrome and 11 with Angelman's syndrome following a non-deleted, non-disomic result. Of individuals who were neither deleted nor disomic on DNA studies, a false positive rate of 11.4% (4/35) for Prader-Willi syndrome and 16.7% (2/12) for Angelman's syndrome was found for a cytogenetically detected deletion. The false negative rate for deletion detected on high resolution cytogenetics was 19.5% (12/62) for Prader-Willi syndrome and 35% (13/37) for Angelman's syndrome. Thus high resolution cytogenetics was shown to be unreliable for deletion detection and should not be used alone to diagnose either syndrome. There were no discrepancies with FISH in 25 cases when FISH was compared with the DNA results, indicating that FISH can be used reliably for deletion detection in both syndromes.     

Powerbuilder中数据窗口打印和预览的设计和应用

0　引言　在 Power builder中设计一个打印格式要求较高的应用程序时 ,经常需要对欲打印的内容事先按一定的比例进行预览 ,对打印页面按一定的要求进行设置 ,以保证不同情况下的打印输出效果 .为此 ,我们设计了数据窗口打印和预览程序 .1　数据源打印窗口设计1.1　首先新建一个窗口　在该窗口中适当位置插入数据窗口控件 ,并为该控件命名 .在 Power builder的命名规则中数据窗口控件名字以“dw-”为前缀 (本文以 dw- 1为例 ) .1.2　建立数据窗口对象　选择数据源和显示风格 ,选择要连接的数据库表和视图 .为了美化和增强数据窗口对象的功能…     

EP方案联合放疗序惯拓扑替康治疗小细胞肺癌53例

1临床资料 2000-01/2002-01,采用EP方案联合放疗序惯应用拓扑替康治疗局限期小细胞肺癌53(男37,女16)例,病理学或(和)细胞学诊断; 年龄30～70(中位46)岁; Karnofsky评分≥70分; 预计生存期>2 mo;有客观肿瘤指标可评价疗效;血常规、肝肾功能、心电图正常;既往未用过化疗药物; 患者知情同意. 采用诱导化疗,同时放疗. 化疗方案为顺铂20 mg/m2,依托泊苷60 mg/m2, 静脉滴注,d 1～5, 3 wk为1个周期,第2周期同时放疗 ,采用直线加速器前后对穿外照射,靶区范围包括原发灶、同侧肺门、纵隔淋巴引流区,剂量50 Gy. 放疗结束后开始第3个周期化疗,方案及剂量同前,共5个周期,然后加用拓扑替康1.2 mg/m2, d 1～4, 3 wk为1个周期,共2个周期.     

Effects of monoclonal antibody directed to LeY on implantation in the mouse

The role of carbohydrates in embryo implantation in the mouse was investigated using an embryo transfer model and a blastocyst-uterine epithelial cell co-culture system. The monoclonal antibody (mAb) AH6 directed to LeY oligosaccharide (Fuc alpha1-2 Gal beta 1-4 [Fuc alpha1- 3] GlcNAc) and other three mAbs directed to carbohydrates whose structures are closely related to LeY were used to show the effect of carbohydrate specificity on implantation. In the embryo transfer model, donor blastocysts (4 days post-coitus) were pretreated with mAb AH6 (experimental) or other mAbs (control) and transferred into one uterine horn of a recipient. The implantation rate was checked after 5 days. Implantation was significantly inhibited by mAb AH6 pretreatment, and inhibition was not observed in control groups. In the co-culture system, the attachment and outgrowth rate of blastocysts on the surface of uterine epithelial cells was significantly inhibited when monolayer epithelial cells or blastocysts were pretreated with mAb AH6. The most obvious effect of mAb AH6 was obtained during 2-4 h co-incubation. No inhibition was observed in the control groups. It was, therefore, concluded that oligosaccharide LeY recognized by mAb AH6 plays an essential role at the initial stage of implantation. It may act as a mediator molecule for adhesion between the surface of blastocyst and epithelial cell, and its function is carbohydrate-specific.      

中国亚健康研究的现状与分析

目的:描述中国亚健康状态研究现状,分析研究进展情况和存在问题,展望研究发展趋势。方法:从症状学、存在率与发生率、病因学、诊断学、自然史及干预措施等6个方面对国内亚健康状态研究的文献进行综述和分析。结果:症状学、存在率的研究已有较丰富的资料,主要存在问题是:自然史与发生率的研究尚处于空白阶段;病因学研究比较薄弱;测量工具有待规范;诊断及疗效判定标准尚未统一;缺乏干预措施的研究。结论:亚健康研究是当前医学科研的热点,前述许多存在问题的原因是研究方法的局限性(目前仅有横断面研究和病例对照研究),前瞻性研究是该领域进一步发展的重要趋势。     

嗅鞘细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤5例报告

目的:观察嗅鞘细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的临床效果。方法:①选取2004-02/2005-10南通大学第二附属医院脊柱外科收治的5例男性创伤性脊髓损伤患者,病程3个月～1年,伤后均曾进行脊髓减压内固定手术,且接受过不同种类的神经营养或神经生长因子、高压氧和针灸治疗以及康复治疗。神经功能已稳定,脊髓损伤部位没有压迫性病变及横断性解剖断裂。②取4个月以上中期引产胚胎的嗅球(产妇及家属知情同意),经分离、培养、纯化后制成单细胞悬液,细胞浓度为2×1010L-1。③5例患者全麻下行病变节段后方正中入路,在脊髓损伤部位与正常脊髓上下交界处分多点注入0.025mL嗅鞘细胞悬液,约5×105个细胞。术后常规给予止血、抗感染等处理,硅胶引流管放置5～7d。④分别于术前和术后8周,采用美国国立急性脊髓损伤研究会脊髓神经功能评分对损伤脊髓神经功能进行感觉检查、运动检查及直肠肛门指诊,测试肛门外括约肌是否为完全性瘫痪。结果:按意向处理分析,实验选取5例男性创伤性脊髓损伤患者均完成术后8周随访。手术前后脊髓神经功能恢复评定结果的比较:与术前比较,嗅鞘细胞移植术后8周,除1例患者运动、触觉、痛觉无明显变化外,其他4例损伤脊髓神经功能均有明显改善。运动功能由术前(44.8±9.2)分提高到(56.0±8.1)分,触觉由术前(55.6±12.3)分提高到(68.8±10.1)分,痛觉由术前(57.6±12.9)分提高到(71.6±9.9)分,P均<0.01。结论:嗅鞘细胞移植安全可行,能帮助脊髓损伤伴完全性瘫痪患者恢复部分脊髓神经功能。     

脱蛋白骨为支架材料的体外细胞相容性特点

目的:前期实验应用过氧化氢-乙醚法已成功将天然骨制成脱蛋白骨支架材料,进一步观察脱蛋白骨支架材料与成骨细胞在体外的生物相容性,旨在为组织工程骨构建提供良好的支架材料。方法:实验于2003-01/2005-12在重庆医科大学实验动物中心进行。①酶消化-组织块联合培养法体外培养胎兔颅骨成骨细胞:取新西兰大白兔胎兔颅骨骨块,制成2mm×2mm骨块,Ⅰ型胶原酶室温下消化。再制成1mm×1mm骨块并孵育,待细胞爬满骨块间隙后传代,行细胞形态学观察、碱性磷酸酶染色、钙化结节染色等方法行鉴定。将第3代成骨细胞复苏培养,制成2×1010L-1的细胞悬液备用。②将成年兔干骺端松质骨用过氧化氢-乙醚法制成脱蛋白骨。将备用细胞悬液均匀浸滴在脱蛋白骨上,使细胞悬液渗入材料孔隙内,并行体外复合培养。通过酶消化法、倒置显微镜及扫描电镜了解脱蛋白骨的细胞相容性。结果:①酶消化-组织块联合培养法成功获得胎兔颅骨成骨细胞:倒置显微镜观察示原代细胞呈不规则多边形,传代细胞均为长梭状或长不规则多边型,碱性磷酸酶化学染色示大多数细胞染色呈黑色阳性,钙结节染色示大量黑色的矿化结节分布在细胞外基质。②成骨细胞与脱蛋白骨材料体外复合培养后第3日进入对数生长期;倒置相差显微镜可见复合培养后第7日成骨细胞数量有明显增加,部分细胞出现连接生长;扫描电镜证实复合培养后第7日可见连接成片生长的成骨细胞。结论:过氧化氢-乙醚法制备的脱蛋白骨具有良好的细胞相容性,可作为组织工程骨的支架材料。     

新等位基因HLA-B*4060的认定

应用PCR—SSO基因分型技术发现可能的HLA新等位基因，对PCR产物进行测序及克隆测序，确认与最同源HLA等位基因序列的差异。发现一个样本的HLA—B位点结果异常，其核苷酸序列与已知所有HLA—B位点等位基因序列均不一致，与同源性最高的等位基因B＊400102在第三外显子区域有7个碱基的差异。判断该等位基因为HLA-B位点的一个新等位基因，于2005年7月被WHOHLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-B＊4060。     

藿香根的化学研究

从藿香(Agastache rugosa O.Kuntze)根中分离得到11个化合物,其中Ⅰ～Ⅷ分别鉴定为山楂酸(maslinic acid,Ⅰ),齐墩果(oleanolic acid,Ⅱ),3-乙酰基齐墩果醛(3-O-acetyl oleanolic aldehvde,Ⅲ),刺槐素(acacetin,Ⅳ),tilianin(Ⅴ).藿香甙(agastachoside,Ⅵ),胡萝卜甙(daucosterol,Ⅶ)和β-谷甾醇(β-Sitosterol,Ⅷ)。Ⅸ为一新的二萜成分,经光谱测定其结构为19(4→3)abeo-11,14-dihydroxy-12-methoxy-abieta-8。11,13,15-tetraen-7-one,命名为去氢藿香酚(dehydroagastol)。Ⅹ和Ⅺ的结构在继续研究中。