人体原位肝脏移植术后血管并发症

目的：探讨人体原位肝脏移植术后血管并发症的诊断方法与治疗对策。方法：回顾性分析1993年4月至2001年7月连续实施的67例人体原位肝脏移植的临床资料，总结术后血管并发症的诊治经验。结果：肝脏移植术后经彩色多普勒超声并辅以核磁共振血管造影(MRA)及选择性血管造影(SAOG)，证实7例(10．4％)出现血管并发症，其个肝动脉吻合口狭窄2例次，肝动脉血栓形成闭塞2例次，门静脉吻合口狭窄2例次，门静脉主干血栓形成1例次，肝上下腔静脉吻合口狭窄1例次，肝上和肝下下腔静脉扭曲狭窄1例次。7如今3例成功实施放射介入治疗。结论：肝脏移植术后血管并发症的发生率是评估整体移植技术的重要指标；肝脏移植术后应常规应用彩色多普勒超声动态监测，并辅以MRA等检查，及早诊断血管并发症；在妥善防治排斥反应与胆道狭窄等相关并发症的同时，宣积极应用放射介入技术治疗血管并发症，可获得良好疗效。     

右美托咪定对脓毒症患者炎症相关基因表达的影响

目的 基于PCR Assay芯片技术,分析右美托咪定对脓毒症患者炎症相关基因表达的变化并推论其可能的作用机制.方法 选取本院2015年1月~2015年12月收治的50个老年严重脓毒症病例,随机分为右美托咪定治疗组与生理盐水对照组(常规治疗组).右美托咪定干预前与干预后1、3天所有患者静脉采血立即提取RNA做PCR Assay基因芯片检测.结果 右美托咪定组与常规治疗组相比,死亡率差异无统计学意义.右美托咪定干预后相关基因TNF-α,IL17A,IL1B,CCL1,CCL24,CX3CL1,XCL1,IL10,IL12B,IL13的Fold绝对值趋向于1,而常规治疗组治疗前后,绝大多数基因Fold值变化并不大.结论 右美托咪定早期应用可调节机体细胞因子相关基因及抗炎相关基因的表达,使机体整体炎症及抗炎反应趋于平和,从而纠正机体过度炎症反应及免疫抑制状态从而起到对脓毒症的保护作用,但并不减少脓毒症患者死亡率.     

健康新生儿口腔正常微生物的早期定植研究

目的　观察新生儿口腔微生物的早期定植情况 ,确定健康新生儿口腔正常微生物群的组成以及新生儿口腔中的优势细菌。方法　对 2 2名健康新生儿口腔进行棉拭子取样 ,在需氧、兼性厌氧、厌氧条件下培养 ,培养均采用成品培养基和培养盒 ,培养结果作微生物的形态学及生化鉴定。结果　 90 .9%的刚出生健康新生儿口腔中无菌 ;4 5 .5 %的新生儿出生第 2天即可检出 Streptococcus salivarius(S.salivarius) ,2 7.3%可检出 Streptococ-cus mitis(S.mitis) ,到出生后第 2 8天这两种菌的检出率分别达 86 .4 %和 81.8% ;Candida albicans(C.albicans)在1月龄新生儿口腔中检出率为 2 2 .7% ;母乳喂养与人工喂养的新生儿口腔正常微生物群之间无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　在早期定植于健康新生儿口腔生态区的正常微生物中 ,S.salivarius和 S.mitis为其优势细菌 ,C.albi-cans为优势真菌。不同喂养方式对新生儿口腔优势菌群的组成和数量无明显影响。     

前列腺素及消炎痛对周围神经再生的影响

本研究以兔坐骨神经挤压损伤为模型,通过光、电镜观察以及对前列腺素(PG)F_(2a)的放免测定,并结合乳兔背根神经节细胞体外培养等方法来研究PG对周围神经损伤后再生的影响及其合成抑制剂消炎痛的作用。放免测定结果显示,挤压伤后发生华勒氏变性的坐骨神经,PGF_(2a)含量随伤后时间延长呈梯度升高,而注射消炎痛的动物,PGF_(2a)则不升高或者降低。形态学观察结果显示,穿过神经挤压区再生的有髓神经纤维数目、直径、面积等,注射消炎痛的动物均大于注射生理盐水对照的动物。背根神经节分离细胞培养结果显示,在培养基中加入PGF_(2a),培养的神经细胞体积小,突起再生的数目少,RNA含量低;相反,在培养基中加入PG合成抑制剂消炎痛,培养神经细胞钵积大,突起再生的数目多,RNA含量高。同时扫描电镜观察到,各组培养神经细胞有不同的表面形态改变。 以上实验结果表明:(1)周围神经挤压损伤后华勒氏变性过程中产生了过量PG,抑制神经纤维的再生。(2)PG合成抑制剂消炎痛因能阻止神经损伤后PG的产生,故具有促进神经再生的作用。 文中讨论了神经损伤后过量PG产生的原因以及本实验结果的意义等问题。作者考虑:(1)周围神经损伤后,过量PG的产生为其修复和功能恢复缓慢的重要原因;(2)本实验研究在神经营养因素之外,找到一促进神经损     

The Influence of Precipitate Morphology on the Growth of Austenite Grain in Nb-Ti-Al Microalloyed Steels

The present study investigates the morphological evolution of carbonitrides and the effect of these precipitates on grain boundary pinning during pseudo-carburizing a Nb-Ti-Al microalloyed steel. The result indicated that three kinds of complex precipitates with different morphologies containing Nb, Ti, and Al respectively were observed in samples austenitized at different temperatures and times. The NbC and TiN precipitates played an important role in pinning grain boundaries and suppressing the growth of austenite grains, relying on the high thermal stability of TiN precipitates and small size of NbC precipitates. The precipitate characteristics affected the size of austenite grain. Based on the Zener pinning model, the effect of precipitate characteristic on austenite grain size was quantitatively analyzed. It is found that the existence of NbC and TiN precipitated at high temperature makes austenite grain growth difficult when austenite grain boundaries were pinned by fine and diffused precipitates.     

Aggregate Geometrical Features and Their Influence on the Surface Properties of Asphalt Pavement

Aggregate geometrical features directly affect asphalt pavement surface properties, which further affect the resistance to skidding of a road surface. In order to establish a relationship between the aggregate geometrical features and pavement surface properties, this paper employs an aggregate geometric characteristic evaluation system (AGCES) to describe the form property, angularity, and surface texture of aggregate particles. The geometrical feature parameters of 15 different aggregates were examined by AGCES and the corresponding surface properties of asphalt pavement prepared from the mentioned aggregates were evaluated by sand patch method, 2-Dimension Image-based Texture Analysis Method (2D-ITAM) and Walking Friction Tester (WFT), respectively. The relationships between the pavement surface property parameters and the aggregate geometric characteristic parameters studied were developed by the Levenberg-Marquarat and universal global optimization (LM-UGO). The results show that the calculated geometric characteristic parameters are in agreement with traditional manual measurement results. The pavement surface properties are significantly influenced by aggregate angularity and aggregate surface texture. Regression relationships were established to predict pavement surface properties from the aggregate geometrical features.     

Quantification of the Hardened Cement Paste Content in Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates by Means of Salicylic Acid Dissolution

Adherent hardened cement paste attached to recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) generally presents a higher porosity than natural aggregates, which induces a lower porosity in the properties of RCA. The characterization of the adherent hardened cement paste content (HCPC) in the fine RCA would promote better applications of RCA in concrete, but the determination of HCPC in fine RCA is not well established. A simple method based on salicylic acid dissolution was specifically developed to quantify the HCPC in RCA, especially for RCA containing limestone aggregates. The results demonstrated that the soluble fraction in salicylic acid (SFSA) was equal to the HCPC for white cement and slightly lower for grey Portland cement, which was also confirmed by a theoretical approach using modelling the hydration of cement paste with the chemical equations and the stoichiometric ratios. The physical and mechanical properties of RCA (e.g., water absorption) were strongly correlated to the SFSA. For industrial RCA, SFSA did not give the exact value of HCPC, but it was sufficient to correlate HCPC with the other properties of RCA. The water absorption could be estimated with good accuracy for very fine RCA (laboratory-manufactured RCA or industrial RCA) by extrapolating the relationship between water absorption and HCPC, which is very important for concrete formulation.     

A High-Fat Diet Induces Muscle Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Impairs Swimming Capacity in Zebrafish: A New Model of Sarcopenic Obesity

Obesity is a highly prevalent disease that can induce metabolic syndrome and is associated with a greater risk of muscular atrophy. Mitochondria play central roles in regulating the physiological metabolism of skeletal muscle; however, whether a decreased mitochondrial function is associated with impaired muscle function is unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a high-fat diet on muscle mitochondrial function in a zebrafish model of sarcopenic obesity (SOB). In SOB zebrafish, a significant decrease in exercise capacity and skeletal muscle fiber cross-sectional area was detected, accompanied by high expression of the atrophy-related markers Atrogin-1 and muscle RING-finger protein-1. Zebrafish with SOB exhibited inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation as well as disruption of mitochondrial fusion and fission in atrophic muscle. Thus, our findings showed that muscle atrophy was associated with SOB-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, these results showed that the SOB zebrafish model established in this study may provide new insights into the development of therapeutic strategies to manage mitochondria-related muscular atrophy.     

江苏七地市汉族人群常见HLA单倍型多态性分析

目的：统计分析来自中华骨髓库江苏分库七地市汉族造血干细胞志愿者常见人类白细胞抗原（human leukocyte antigen,HLA）单倍型频率,了解江苏七地市汉族人群HLA单倍型分布特点。方法：采用聚合酶链反应-直接测序分型（polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing,PCR-SBT）技术,对中华骨髓库江苏分库共计11 889例无血缘关系志愿者的HLAA/B/DR B1/C/DQB1位点进行高分辨分型,按地市应用Arlequin 3.5软件分别计算单倍型HLA-A-B-C、DRB1-DQB1、A-B-DRB1、A-B-DRB1-C-DQB1的频率,统计分析各地市常见HLA单倍型,并与国内已发表汉族人群数据进行比较,基于等位基因频率,采用Hierarchical Clustering算法应用SPSS软件进行聚类分析。结果：HLA-A-B-C单倍型中,A*30∶01-B*13∶02-C*06∶02、A*33:03-B*58∶01-C*03∶02为江苏七地市频率最高的前2位单倍型。聚类分析发现,南京、扬州、常州、镇江聚为一类,宿迁、淮...     

不同刺激量针刺关元穴对寒凝类痛经模型大鼠的影响

目的：观察不同的针刺刺激量施于关元穴对寒凝类痛经模型大鼠子宫组织中收缩素受体（ OTR）及肌球蛋白轻链激酶（ MLCK）含量的影响。方法将处于动情间期3月龄的SD雌性大鼠32只,随机分为盐水组、寒凝类痛经模型组24只,造模成功后将寒凝类痛经模型组又分为模型组、刺激量A组和刺激量B组,每组8只。除盐水组外,模型组、刺激量A组和刺激量B组均采用全身冷冻法结合苯甲酸雌二醇注射法造模。盐水组和模型组不予针刺,刺激量A组予以粗针、深刺、行手法;刺激量B组予以细针、浅刺、不施手法。采用荧光定量PCR方法检测大鼠子宫组织中缩宫素受体（ OTR）的含量。采用ELISA（酶联免疫法）测量大鼠子宫组织中MLCK的含量。结果与盐水组比较,模型组的子宫收缩波个数、波峰峰值、活动度及MLCK水平均升高（ P﹤0.01）;与模型组比较,刺激量A组的子宫收缩波个数明显减少（ P﹤0.05）、MLCK含量明显降低（ P﹤0.01）,刺激量B组的OTR mRNA相对表达量降低（ P﹤0.05）;与刺激量A组比较,刺激量B组收缩波个数增多（ P﹤0.05）、OTR mRNA相对表达量降低（ P﹤0.01）。结论不同刺激量针刺关元穴对寒凝类痛经模型大鼠的效应有所不同,粗针、深刺、行手法的效应较强于细针、浅刺、不行手法的针刺效应,提示针刺的刺激量也是决定针刺疗效的因素之一。