核苷类衍生物的合成

以尿嘧啶核苷和HIV-逆转录酶抑制剂扎西他宾为先导化合物,对其5-羟基进行磷酸化修饰,然后以磷原子为桥,引入各种氨基酸酯及取代苯环,从而试图克服这类药物对核苷激酶的依赖性,提高药物的生物活性,降低药物对细胞的毒性,以此为设计思路合成了7个新的核苷类衍生物,其结构经IR,1HNMR,13CNMR,MS分析确定.     

保留控尿功能的腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术

目的 探讨保护控尿功能的前列腺癌根治术的技术要点.方法 对收治的94例T1b～T2c前列腺癌患者行保留控尿功能的前列腺癌根治术,即腹腔镜下精细解剖前列腺尖部,保护EUS及其控尿神经,膀胱颈后唇成形后与尿道吻合;并同前期42例行常规前列腺癌根治术(LRP)的患者比较,术后30、60和90 d评估患者的控尿状况.控尿标准: 站立或行走时无尿液漏出,或全天使用尿垫不超过1块.结果 术后30、60 d控尿率LRP组为27.7%(13/47)、66.0%(31/47);CSLRP组为55.3%(26/47)、85.1%(40/47),均有统计学差异(χ2＝7.406,4.663,P<0.05).术后90 d两组控尿率为78.7%(37/47)和91.5%(43/47)(χ2＝3.02,P>0.05).结论 利用腹腔镜的优点,保护EUS和膀胱颈后唇成形加强尿道后壁,能明显加快前列腺癌根治术后控尿的恢复时间.     

Anterior translocaton of pulmonary artery without aortic transection in repair of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve.

We developed a technique of translocation of the pulmonary artery anterior to the ascending aorta without transection of the aorta in the repair of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve. Our technique includes detachment of the main pulmonary artery (MPA) from the pulmonary annulus, vertical division of the MPA, anterior translocation of the pulmonary artery with patch augmentation between the vertically divided MPA.     

大鼠脑干缺血模型制备及早期超微结构观察

目的:制备脑干缺血动物模型并观察大鼠脑干缺血后早期组织学病理的超微结构。方法:应用两点电凝基底动脉的方法制作鼠脑干缺血动物模型。结果:病理学观察发现脑干缺血2小时即可出现超早期病理变化,并随时间的延长缺血性损害逐渐加重。结论:两点电凝基底动脉后可以造成稳定的脑干缺血,对急性脑干缺血的病理学研究有一定的价值。     

Exanthematous infantile psoriasis

Childhood psoriasis is a disease with manifold clinical presentations which can make the correct diagnosis sometimes difficult. In a female infant, slightly itching, erythematous papules and plaques with discrete scaling spread over large parts of the integument starting from age three months. Histological examination supported the diagnosis of exanthematous infantile psoriasis. Topical treatment with dithranol in petrolatum led to slow clearance of the skin lesions.     

综合性营养评估法在维持性血液透析患者中的应用分析

目的 对血液透析患者的几项营养指标进行评估。方法 依据SGA评分对142例维持性血液透析患者进行主观综合性营养评估（SGA）、膳食调查、生化参数的测量。结果 平均每日每公斤体重能量和蛋白质摄入（DEI、DPI）、血白蛋白，均有显著性差异（P〈0．001—0．05）。但营养良好组的DPI和DEI异常率高达49．0％、46．0％，重度营养不良组中各指标异常率均在80％以上。血前白蛋白与白蛋白有显著相关（P〈0．01），与DPI、DEI均无相关。结论 SGA是评价血透患者营养状况的简便方法，但还需其它反映营养状况不同侧面的指标的补充，如DEI、DPI、血白蛋白。前白蛋白作为血透患者营养监测的常规指标有待进一步证实。     

Empfehlungen für die Anwendung der Immunapherese bei der Therapie bullöser Autoimmundermatosen

The etiology of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is unknown. EBA may be associated with other autoim‐mune systemic diseases; it also has been described in connection with different malignant tumors, showing complete remission after successful treatment of the tumor.In such cases, EBA may be regarded as a paraneo‐plastic dermatosis. We detected a highly differentiated neuroendocrine pancreatic cancer in a 78‐year‐old woman with EBA. Even thought her tumor was completely removed and the patient has been disease‐free for over seven years, a complete regression of her autoimmune bullous dermatosis could not be induced. By using intravenous immunoglobulins in combination with mycophenolate mofetil, further blister formation could be ameliorated.     

A -243A-->G polymorphism upstream of the gene encoding GAD65 associates with lower levels of body mass index and glycaemia in a population-based sample of 5857 middle-aged White subjects.

AIMS: The glutamate decarboxylase gene (GAD2) encodes GAD65, an enzyme catalysing the production of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which interacts with neuropeptide Y to stimulate food intake. It has been suggested that in pancreatic islets, GABA serves as a functional regulator of pancreatic hormone release. Conflicting results have been reported concerning the potential impact of GAD2 variation on estimates of energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to elucidate potential associations between the GAD2-243A-->G polymorphism and levels of body mass index (BMI) and estimates of glycaemia. METHODS: Using high-throughput chip-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the GAD2-243A-->G (rs2236418) polymorphism was genotyped in a population-based sample (Inter99) of 5857 middle-aged, unrelated Danish White subjects. RESULTS: The G-allele was associated with modestly lower BMI (P = 0.01). In a case-control study of obesity, the G-allele frequency in 2582 participants with BMI < 25 kg/m2 was 19.5% (18.4-20.6) compared with 17.1% (15.5-18.8) in 968 participants having BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 (P = 0.03), odds ratio 0.9 (0.7-1.0). Of the 5857 subjects, GG carriers had lower fasting plasma glucose levels (mmol/l) [AA (n = 3859) 5.6 +/- 0.8; AG (n = 1792) 5.5 +/- 0.8; GG (n = 206) 5.5 +/- 0.8, P = 0.008] and lower 30-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-related plasma glucose levels (AA 8.7 +/- 1.9; AG 8.6 +/- 1.9; GG 8.6 +/- 2.0, P = 0.04), adjusted for sex, age and BMI. Analysing subjects who were both normoglycaemic and glucose tolerant (n = 4431) GG carriers still had lower fasting plasma glucose concentrations: AA (n = 2895) 5.3 +/- 0.4; AG (n = 1383) 5.3 +/- 0.4; GG (n = 153) 5.2 +/- 0.4 (P = 9.10(-5)). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the GAD2-243A-->G polymorphism in a population of middle-aged White people associates with a modest reduction in BMI and fasting and OGTT-related plasma glucose levels.     

营养补充品中刺激剂的分析测定

介绍营养补充品中刺激剂的毛细管气相色谱和气相色谱质谱联用检测方法.试样采用碱提,液-液分配提取,以HP-5毛细管柱为分离柱,用氮磷检测器测定.实验结果表明:该方法操作简便,分析速度快,结果可靠.添加平均回收率为75.4%～143.1%,相对标准偏差为0.27%～5.5%,检出限为5～40μg/L.     

原发纵隔囊肿影像学表现

目的探讨原发纵隔囊肿影像表现特征,提高影像诊断的准确率。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实且资料完整的42例原发纵隔囊肿的影像学表现。所有病例均摄胸部后前位与侧位片,胸部CT平扫29例,其中15例行增强扫描,胸部MRI平扫6例。观察病变的部位、大小、形态、密度(信号)、边缘、壁及其厚度、邻近结构。每一病种均分为影像征象典型与不典型2类。结果病变位于前纵隔28例,中、后纵隔各7例。上纵隔9例,中纵隔24例,下纵隔9例。支气管囊肿9例,囊性淋巴管瘤4例,胸腺囊肿11例,心包囊肿5例,成熟性囊性畸胎瘤13例。影像征象典型38例,不典型4例。结论90%的纵隔囊肿,根据CT、MRI显示的病变部位与内部密度、信号特征,可做出正确的影像诊断;不典型者确诊仍依靠手术病理。