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51.
Naoki Matsumoto Masahiro Ogawa Mariko Kumagawa Yukinobu Watanabe Midori Hirayama Takao Miura Hiroshi Nakagawara Shunichi Matsuoka Mitsuhiko Moriyama Hirotoshi Fujikawa 《Hepatology research》2018,48(3):E117-E125
Aim
Renal venous hypertension is known to be associated with worsening of renal function in patients with decompensated heart failure. Intra‐abdominal hypertension including cirrhotic ascites also leads to renal venous hypertension. We aimed to clarify the effect of renal venous hypertension on cirrhotic ascites.Methods
Two hepatologists measured the left renal vein diameter in 142 consecutive patients with refractory cirrhotic ascites using non‐contrast computed tomography. The renal vein diameter was measured at the renal vein main trunk and upstream of the confluence of collateral veins.Results
The inter‐observer agreements were high for the measurements of the left renal vein (r = 0.918, P < 0.001). The median overall survival for patients with renal vein diameter ≥11 mm was less than that for patients with renal vein diameter <11 mm (P < 0.001; 2.5 vs. 32.0 months). One‐year survival rates were 15.3% versus 66.4%. Multivariate analysis revealed renal vein diameter ≥11 mm (hazard ratio, 2.94; P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval, 1.67–5.20) and a high Model for End‐stage Liver Disease score combined with serum sodium level (MELD‐Na) (hazard ratio, 3.39; P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval, 2.00–5.74) were significant independent predictors of mortality.Conclusions
Renal vein dilation is a risk factor of mortality in patients with refractory cirrhotic ascites, independent of the MELD‐Na score. 相似文献52.
Kurosaki T Yamashita Y Aki K Harasawa H Nakagawa H Kodama Y Higuchi N Nakamura T Kitahara T Sasaki H 《Journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2011,100(11):4855-4863
The purpose of this study was to develop a new type of gene vector, polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendriplex pharmaceutically modified, based on electrostatic interactions, by various anionic polymers. The γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA)/PAMAM dendriplex and the α-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex formed a stable complex, although α-polyaspartic acid and heparin released pDNA from the complex. The addition of anionic polymer decreased the ζ-potential, although it did not greatly affect the size of the complex. As a result of an in vitro gene expression study of mouse melanoma cells, we found that the γ-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex showed high gene expression comparable to the PAMAM dendriplex, although the α-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex showed lower gene expression. Tail vein injection of the γ-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex into mice also led to high gene expression in the spleen and lung. The γ-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex showed no cytotoxicity and no agglutination, although severe cytotoxicity and agglutination were observed in the PAMAM dendriplex. Thus, we discovered that complexes of pDNA, PAMAM dendrimers, and γ-PGA showed higher gene expression in vitro and in vivo, and markedly lower toxicity. This complex is valuable and is expected to be a safe and effective gene vector. 相似文献
53.
Iwai T Ichikawa T Kida M Goso Y Kurihara M Koizumi W Ishihara K 《European journal of pharmacology》2011,672(1-3):121-125
We studied the effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) paroxetine on the immobility time in the forced swimming test using different strains of mice (ICR, ddY, C57BL/6, BALB/c and DBA/2). There was a difference between strains in the response to paroxetine (although it induced anti-immobility effects in all strains of mice used). The mouse strain most sensitive to paroxetine was DBA/2; the ICR strain showed the lowest sensitivity. We previously demonstrated variations in the responses to another SSRI, fluvoxamine, in different strains of mice, which was in agreement with the present findings. In DBA/2 and ICR mice, the anti-immobility effects of paroxetine were significantly antagonized by the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-N-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide (WAY 100635). The noradrenergic α(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin significantly reduced the anti-immobility effects elicited by a high dose (5mg/kg) of paroxetine in DBA/2 and ICR mice. However, prazosin did not affect the anti-immobility effects of a lower dose of paroxetine (1mg/kg) in DBA/2 mice. This suggests that the anti-immobility effects of a higher dose of paroxetine in mice are associated with serotonergic and noradrenergic neurons. Prazosin did not the affect anti-immobility effects of fluvoxamine. These results suggest that there are differences between mice strains in the antidepressant-like effects of paroxetine (which are similar to those elicited by fluvoxamine). Moreover, involvement of the noradrenergic system was partly related to the anti-immobility effects of paroxetine (which are different to those elicited by fluvoxamine). 相似文献
54.
Y Kodama M Horishita S Fumoto T Mine H Miyamoto N Yoshikawa H Hirata H Sasaki J Nakamura K Nishida 《The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology》2012,64(10):1438-1444
Objectives The aim was to study the effect of viscous additives on the absorption and hepatic disposition of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) after application to the liver surface in rats. Methods 5‐FU solution with or without viscous additives was applied to the rat liver surface with a cylindrical diffusion cell. Then, blood and the remaining solution in the diffusion cell were collected at selected times, followed by excision of the liver. The excised liver was divided into three sites and assayed for 5‐FU content. Key findings The absorption rate of 5‐FU from the liver surface was decreased in the presence of carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC‐Na) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as compared with the control. The ka values of PVA 15% and CMC‐Na 1% were reduced to about 80 and 67% of the control. The maximum plasma concentration of 5‐FU was decreased by incorporation of viscous additives. The 5‐FU concentration at the diffusion cell attachment site of the liver (site 1) plateaued at 180 min in the absence of viscous additives. On the other hand, the concentration of 5‐FU at site 1 increased in a time‐dependent manner until 360 min in the presence of viscous additives. Conclusion Viscous additives might be useful for retaining drugs at their application site and controlling the rate of absorption from the liver surface. 相似文献
55.
56.
T Kimura T Miyatake Y Ueda Y Ohta T Enomoto T Kimura S Kamiura 《European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology》2012,164(2):200-204
Objective
An effective salvage chemotherapy for advanced and recurrent non-squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix has not yet been established. The aim of the present study was to analyze the safety and efficacy of a combination chemotherapy for this disease using taxane, anthracycline, and platinum.Study design
This was a retrospective analysis of advanced and recurrent non-squamous cervical cancers treated at the Osaka University Hospital and the Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases during a 10 year study period from 2000 to 2009. Single agent chemotherapies and combination chemotherapies for advanced and recurrent cervical cancer cases of non-squamous histology which were reported in the English literature were also reviewed.Results
Salvage chemotherapy, using taxane, anthracycline and platinum, was performed for 5 advanced and 14 recurrent cases. Prior to the salvage chemotherapy, 15 (79%) of the 19 patients had already received either radiation or chemotherapy. A complete or partial tumor response was achieved in 8 (42%) of the 19 cases. The response rate for recurrent disease in a previously irradiated field was 40%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 8 months (1–108) and 13 months (5–108), respectively. Grade 4 and febrile grade 3 neutropenia was observed in 6 cases (32%), but there was no case in which salvage chemotherapy had to be cancelled due to toxicity. According to previous reports, the cumulative response rate of combination chemotherapy (35%) was significantly higher than that of single agent chemotherapy (17%) (p < 0.001). OS tended to be longer in the combination chemotherapy cases (8.7 months to 18 months) than that of single agent chemotherapy cases (7.3+ months to 9.1+ months).Conclusion
Combination chemotherapy of taxane, anthracycline, and platinum was found to have a survival benefit for advanced and recurrent cervical cancer patients of non-squamous carcinoma histology, with a tolerable toxicity. 相似文献57.
Shimono T Tsuboyama T Kuwabara M Im SW Yagyu Y Imaoka I Ashikaga R Hosono M Murakami T 《Radiation Medicine》2008,26(3):151-155
Purpose Motion artifact is problematic in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) because of dementia. The purpose was to
compare the occurrence of this artifact between a diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequence and conventional
sequences.
Materials and methods Ten MR examinations comprising T2-weighted, T1-weighted, DW, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging in seven CJD
patients were retrospectively evaluated. The occurrence of motion artifacts on each sequence were assessed, and the examination
was classified into four groups as follows: group A, motion artifact not revealed on DW imaging but revealed on one or more
other sequences; group B, revealed on DW imaging and one or more other sequences; group C, not revealed on any sequences;
and group D, revealed on DW imaging but not on any other sequences.
Results The 10 MR examinations were classified as eight group A (80%), one B (10%), one C (10%), and zero D (0%).
Conclusion Motion artifacts are likely to occur in any conventional imaging sequences in CJD, but the fast-imaging ability of DW imaging
can reduce this artifact. The combination of an absence of motion artifact on DW imaging and the presence on conventional
sequences may be one of the frequent findings of CJD. 相似文献
58.
Masahiro Okada Taro Shimono Yoshihiro Komeya Rina Ando Yuki Kagawa Takashi Katsube Masatomo Kuwabara Yukinobu Yagyu Seishi Kumano Izumi Imaoka Norio Tsuchiya Ryuichiro Ashikaga Makoto Hosono Takamichi Murakami 《Annals of nuclear medicine》2009,23(4):349-354
Objective To investigate whether integrated fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) can differentiate
benign from adrenal malignant lesions on the basis of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), tumor/liver (T/L) SUVmax ratio, and CT attenuation value (Hounsfield Units; HU) of unenhanced CT obtained from FDG-PET/CT data.
Methods We studied 30 patients with 35 adrenal lesions (16 adrenal benign lesions, size 16 ± 5 mm, in 15 patients; and 19 adrenal
malignant lesions, 24 ± 12 mm, in 15 patients) who had confirmed primary malignancies (lung cancer in 23 patients, lymphoma
in 2, esophageal cancer in 2, hypopharyngeal cancer in 1, prostate cancer in 1, and 1 patient in whom lesions were detected
at cancer screening). All patients underwent PET/CT at 1 h post FDG injection. Diagnosis of adrenal malignant lesions was
based on interval growth or reduction after chemotherapy. An adrenal mass that remained unchanged for over 1 year was the
standard used to diagnose adrenal benign lesions. Values of FDG uptake and CT attenuation were measured by placing volumetric
regions of interest over PET/CT images. Adrenal uptake of SUVmax ≥ 2.5 was considered to indicate a malignant lesion; SUVmax < 2.5 was considered to indicate a benign lesion. In further analysis, 1.8 was employed as the threshold for the T/L SUVmax ratio. Unenhanced CT obtained from PET/CT data was considered positive for adrenal malignant lesions based on a CT attenuation
value ≥ 10 HU; lesions with a value < 10 HU were considered adrenal benign lesions. Mann–Whitney’s U test was used for statistical analyses.
Results SUVmax in adrenal malignant lesions (7.4 ± 3.5) was higher than that in adrenal benign lesions (2.1 ± 0.5, p < 0.05). The CT attenuation value of adrenal malignant lesions (27.6 ± 11.9 HU) was higher than that of adrenal benign lesions
(10.1 ± 12.3 HU, p < 0.05). In differentiating between adrenal benign and malignant lesions, a CT threshold of 10 HU corresponded to a sensitivity
of 57%, specificity of 94%, accuracy of 74%, positive predictive value of 92% and negative predictive value of 65%. An SUVmax cut-off value of 2.5 corresponded to a sensitivity of 89%, specificity of 94%, accuracy of 91%, positive predictive value
of 94% and negative predictive value of 88%. The T/L SUVmax ratio was 1.0 ± 0.2 for adrenal benign lesions and 4.5 ± 3.0 for adrenal malignant lesions. And T/L SUVmax ratio cut-off value of 1.8 corresponded to a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 100%, accuracy of 91%, positive predictive
value of 100% and negative predictive value of 83%.
Conclusions FDG-PET/CT with additional SUVmax analysis improves the diagnostic accuracy of adrenal lesions in cancer patients. 相似文献
59.
60.
Joseph L. Jorizzo M.D. Randall M. Goldblum M.D. Jerry C. Daniels M.D. Ph.D. Yukinobu Ichikawa M.D. Marlyn P. Langford Ph.D. Karis M. Fagan B.S. 《International journal of dermatology》1985,24(3):183-187
Three children and one adult with chronic mucocutaneous candidosis with documented deficient cellular immunity to Candida antigen were evaluated as a model to study the specific cellular immune-enhancing potential of the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor ibuprofen. Oral ibuprofen failed to have any consistent effect during sequential 4-week on and off cycles on the following parameters: delayed hypersensitivity skin testing; lymphocyte transformation to Candida antigen; T-cell subsets as determined by monoclonal antibody techniques; production of human immune interferon in response to staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA). Two patients showed a trend toward enhanced lymphocyte transformation to PHA while taking ibuprofen. In two patients who were studied 8-10 weeks after discontinuation of oral ketoconazole therapy, clinical recurrence of CMC was not prevented by oral ibuprofen therapy. 相似文献