维生素E对烧伤小鼠免疫功能改善及其机制

本实验研究了维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）改善烧伤后免疫功能的作用，并对其作用机制进行了探讨。结果显示，小鼠１１％～１２％总体表面积（ＴＢＳＡ）全层皮肤烧伤后血、肝、脾中过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）水平升高、谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）含量下降，淋巴细胞增殖反应、白介素一２（ＩＬ一２）生成、空斑形成细胞（ＩＪＦＣ）形成及迟发型超敏反应（ＤＴＨ）均处于抑制状态。投予ＶＥ后可防止烧伤动物体内ＬＰＯ水平、ＧＳＨ含量明显变化，免疫功能受抑制的程度也明显小于未投予组。以超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）处理的作用与ＶＥ相同。体外实验显示，过氧化亚油酸可抑制淋巴细胞增殖反应以及ＩＬ一２产生、诱发淋巴细胞脂质过氧化、降低淋巴细胞内ＧＳＨ含量。淋巴细胞上述功能的抑制与ＬＰＯ水平密切相关；加入ＶＥ可抑制过氧化亚油酸对淋巴细胞的上述作用。提示ＶＥ可改善烧伤后免疫功能，其机制可能是通过抗氧化作用而发挥的。     

卵巢癌细胞多种细胞因子基因表达的研究

本文应用RT-PCR方法,检测5例刚分离的晚期上皮性卵巢癌患者肿瘤细胞和3例卵巢痛患者腹水中肿瘤细胞IL-2、IL-2R、TNF-a,IL-6、TGF-p、IL-10等细胞因子基因的表达,用免疫学方法检测卵巢癌细胞上清液中IL-6活性。结果发现:卵巢癌肿瘤细胞表达IL-6mRNA和抑制性细胞因子TGF-p、IL-10。腹水中存在较多量lL-6可能来自肿瘤细胞。     

三种粪便隐血试验的比较研究

粪便隐血试验是检测消化道微量出血的重要手段。本文用三种隐血试验:血红蛋白定量试验(HQT)、反向间接血球凝集试验(RPHA)和联苯胺试验(BT)对不同消化道疾病患者的粪便进行检测。结果表明隐血的检出用HQT和RPHA较BT更为特异和敏感。     

宫腔声学造影在诊断及处理宫内节育器嵌顿中的价值

目的 评价宫腔声学造影（SHG）在诊断及处理宫内节育器（IUD）嵌顿中的价值。方法 应用SHG对18例疑IUD嵌顿的带器患者进行检查，并根据SHG检查结果予以相应处理。结果 SHG显示IUD浅嵌顿10例、深嵌顿4例、IUD下移1例及双器1例。除1例放弃取器外，17例病人经适当手术方法取出IUD。结论 宫腔声学造影是诊断IUD嵌顿的一种简便、有效的新方法，其结果有助于临床处理中取器方法的选择。     

大肠癌Lovo细胞E-Cadherin,N-Cadherin的表达及化学治疗药物对其表达的影响

目的：研究大肠癌Lovo细胞上皮钙粘附素(E-Cadherin)，神经钙粘附素(N-Cadherin)的表达及常用化学治疗药物对其表达的影响。方法：应用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测大肠癌Lovo细胞E-Cad-herin，N-Cadherin的表达，并通过几种不同的化疗药物(顺铂、吡柔比星、丝裂霉素、5-FU)不同浓度和时间作用后，对E-Cadherin，N-Cadherin表达的影响。结果：不同化疗药物对大肠癌Lovo细胞N=Cadherin表达无影响，高浓度顺铂和高浓度吡柔比星二组出现-Cadherin表达，其它各组未见表达。结论：大肠癌常用的化疗药物无论低浓度持续用药，还是高浓度短时间用药，对大肠癌Lovo细胞N-Cadherin的表达无抑制作用，说明上述药物不能通过抑制N—Cadherin的表达，而起到抗癌作用。高浓度顺铂和吡柔比星二组显示E-Cadherin的表达，表现出抑癌的作用，从而提示在大肠癌化疗时，顺铂和吡柔比星更适合于高浓度短时间应用。     

24例阴道肿瘤的B超诊断

目的 通过对24例阴道肿瘤患者的B超声像图分析，总结B超诊断阴道肿瘤的方法。方法 收集24例1995～2002年，我院门诊及住院患者的病史资料及声像图，结合病理结果分析声像图特征，并与病理加以对照。结果 24例患者声像图表现为囊性、实质性、囊实性肿瘤。结论 通过对声像图的分析，探讨了B超诊断阴道肿瘤的可行性、声像图特征及该方法的局限性。     

Cortical asymmetry--a preliminary study: neurons-glia, female-male

Previous studies on human cortical area 39 suggested that neuron:glial ratios differed between the sexes. These findings were the inspiration for the present investigation which dealt with neuronal and glial counts in area 39 in the male and female rat cerebral cortex. Transverse, celloidin or frozen sections, were cut from male and female brains (respectively) from 90-day-old Long-Evans rats. Neurons and glia were counted on enlarged photographs of stained sections, including area 39, with 35-mm Kodak Panatomic-X film using a Zeiss photomicroscope (X400). Five-by-three-inch prints were taped together in sequence to yield a 640X enlarged "montage" of area 39. Five cell types were differentiated with reference to a standard: neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, "dark astrocytes," and unidentified glia. The data were analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA: five cell types by two hemispheres). Student's t test and a paired t test were used when appropriate. The neuron:glial ratios in the male rats were consistently higher than those in the females in both hemispheres. The male right side had 12% (P less than 0.05) more neurons than the left; the female had 13% (P less than 0.05) more neurons on the left than the right. Similar, but not identical, asymmetrical patterns were seen with the glial cells.     

偏头痛与卵圆孔未闭的研究进展

偏头痛是临床常见的慢性致残性的神经系统疾病,超过半数的患者会因为偏头痛的发作而影响正常生活。近年来,大量研究表明偏头痛与卵圆孔未闭之间存在着一定的联系,但因为卵圆孔未闭发病率较高且引发偏头痛发作的病理机制不明,两者之间的因果关系尚存争议,经皮卵圆孔封堵术是否为治疗卵圆孔未闭合并偏头痛的有效治疗手段亦成为研究热点。该文将围绕卵圆孔未闭与偏头痛的相关性、两者间可能存在的发病机制以及封堵术治疗偏头痛的疗效展开综述。     

Hemolytic uremic syndrome after bone marrow transplantation: clinical characteristics and outcome in children.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We retrospectively studied the medical records of 293 children who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital between 1992 and 1999 to describe the clinical course of and to identify risk factors for transplant-associated HUS. Conditioning regimens included cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and total body irradiation for patients with hematologic malignancies (n = 244); patients with nonmalignant diseases (n = 49) received disease-specific regimens. Grafts from unrelated or mismatched related donors were depleted of T lymphocytes, whereas matched sibling grafts were unmanipulated. All patients received cyclosporine as prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease. Recipients of grafts from matched siblings also received pentoxifylline or short-course methotrexate. HUS developed in 28 (9.6%) patients at a median of 171 days after transplantation. We identified older donor age (P = .029), use of antithymocyte globulin in the conditioning regimen (P = .008), and recipient CMV seronegativity (P = .011) as being associated with an increased risk of HUS. With a multiple regression analysis, the use of antithymocyte globulin (beta = .86; P = .04) and recipient cytomegalovirus seronegativity (beta = .93; P = .035) remained significant risk factors for the development of HUS.