正性心理暗示与杜冷丁在取卵术中的临床应用效果比较

目的:比较正性心理暗示与杜冷丁在体外受精-胚胎移植经阴道穿刺取卵术中的镇痛效果。方法:采用队列研究方法,将2018年在重庆市妇幼保健院遗传与生殖研究所进行首次体外受精-胚胎移植,年龄<37岁,无沟通交流障碍及药物过敏史,黄体期短效长方案进行控制性超排卵且卵泡数为5～15枚的患者1 307例,分为杜冷丁组680例(术前半小时肌内注射杜冷丁50 mg)和心理暗示组627例(术前半小时予正性心理暗示),比较2种方式下患者的术前焦虑评分、术中疼痛感及术后不良反应等。结果:心理暗示组患者术前焦虑评分低于杜冷丁组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.462,P=0.000),2组患者术中疼痛感差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.601,P=0.438);心理暗示组术后血压无下降,杜冷丁组患者术后血压下降明显,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.059,P=0.000);心理暗示组患者术后不良反应头晕、恶心、呕吐发生率低于杜冷丁组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1181.762,P=0.000)。结论:在体外受精-胚胎移植经阴道穿刺取卵术前给予患者正性心理暗示,可减少患者焦虑情绪,达到与使用杜冷丁相同的镇痛效果,有效避免因杜...     

异种移植组织相容性及免疫动态变化测试模型

目的　综述异种移植物抗宿主反应 (GVHD)动物模型的研究现状、检测方法及进展情况。方法　采用文献回顾与综合分析方法。结果　免疫活性细胞植入异种受者体内后 ,有发生排斥 (HVGD)、移植物抗宿主反应(GVHD)和微嵌合的可能 ,异种 GVHD已在小动物和大动物体内成功诱导 ,并可通过多种途径进行检测。结论　异种GVHD大动物模型 ,主导因素是嵌合细胞 ,利用该模型可真实模拟异种移植免疫细胞动态变化过程     

Low-pressure laparoscopy may ameliorate intracranial hypertension and renal hypoperfusion

BACKGROUND: Increased abdominal pressure is associated with elevations in the intracranial pressure (ICP) and impaired renal function. These adverse effects are potentially important in clinical situations such as severe abdominal trauma and laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. It was hypothesized that the secondary elevation of ICP leads to release of vasoconstrictors, which may affect renal function by decreasing the renal blood flow (RBF). We investigated the effect of laparoscopy on ICP and renal blood flow in a porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The abdominal pressure of swine (N = 5; 20-25 kg) was gradually increased from baseline to 5, 15, and 25 mm Hg by insufflation of nitrogen into the abdominal cavity. The ICP was measured using a Camino monitor, and RBF was simultaneously measured using a Transonic Doppler probe placed on the renal artery. Results were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and the paired t-test. RESULTS: No significant change from baseline was observed in ICP and RBF when the abdominal pressure was 5 mm Hg. However, both ICP and RBF were affected by increasing the abdominal pressure to 15 and 25 mm Hg (P = 0.035 and 0.04 for ICP and P = 0.074 and 0.034 for RBF, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Low-pressure laparoscopy may reduce the adverse effects of pneumoperitoneum on ICP and RBF. It may be advisable to use low pressures in laparoscopic surgery, especially when changes in ICP or renal perfusion may have significant clinical implications.     

锁骨骨折手术治疗412例

我院自 1988年 6月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月对 4 12例锁骨骨折病人行切开复位内固定治疗 ,取得满意的疗效 ,现报道如下。1　临床资料本组 4 12例中男性 2 98例 ,女性 114例 ;年龄 14～ 6 7岁 ,平均 32 5岁。骨折类型 :横形 14 3例 ,斜形 10 3例 ,粉碎性16 6例 ,其中开放性骨折 12例 ,余为闭合性骨折 ,新鲜骨折383例 ,陈旧骨折 2 9例。骨折部位 :中 1/ 3段 30 7例 ,中外 1/3段 92例 ,内 1/ 3段 13例。损伤原因 :车祸伤 2 87例 ,高处坠落伤 5 8例 ,摔伤 4 2例 ,重物压伤 2 2例 ,机器伤 3例。合并伤 :血气胸 11例 ,四肢骨折 132例 ,臂丛神经损伤 2例…     

异种移植免疫学研究进展

目的 论述异种移植排斥反应的发生机制和各种免疫细胞的相互作用。方法 结合基础研究相关资料对异种移植免疫学研究成果和新进展作一回顾。结果 转基因猪技术，新型免疫抑制剂等分别用以克服超急性排斥，急性血管性排斥；急性细胞性排斥的克服采用了针对T细胞，抗原递呈细胞的策略以及诱导免疫耐受等方法。结论 转基因猪技术较为成熟而有效；急性血管性排斥，急性细胞性排斥的发生机制和克服仍有待进一步研究。     

成人髂骨钉钉道的影像学研究

目的对中国成人髂后上棘至髂前下棘髂骨锚固通道各参数进行影像学测量，探讨髂骨钉置入的可行性与安全性。方法应用多层螺旋CT对60名中国成人进行髂骨三维重建，在斜侧位图像上测量双侧髂后上棘至髂前下棘连线全长及此连线与坐骨切迹上顶点的距离，在沿该连线截面图像上测量双侧钉道通路中髂骨两个狭窄点松质骨与皮质骨的厚度、髂后上棘至第二狭窄点的长度等影像学参数。结果参数均值的95％置信区间：髂后上棘至髂前下棘全长为（140．6±1．1）mm，髂后上棘咬除深度男性为（16．9±0．6）mm、女性为（15．9±0．8）mm，过第二狭窄点长度男性为（67．1±0．6）mm、女性为（70．1±1．4）mm，坐骨切迹上顶点到髂后上棘-髂前下棘连线距离为（18．3±0．8）mm，第一狭窄点松质骨厚度男性为（11．0±0．7）mm、女性为（9．0±0．8）mm，皮质骨厚度男性为（17．3±0．6）mm、女性为（15．7±0．7）mm，第二狭窄点松质骨厚度男性为（11．8±0．7）mm、女性为（8．1±0．7）mm，皮质骨厚度男性为（22．7±0.3）mm、女性为（19．1±0．8）mm。各参数变异度较大，且除髂后上棘至髂前下棘全长及坐骨切迹到该通道高度外，其余各参数男女间差异均有统计学意义。结论成人髂骨由髂后上棘至髂前下棘存在一个直线骨性钉道通路，且该钉道通路中有两个狭窄点，对髂骨钉起锚固作用，通过两个狭窄点的髂骨钉可保证进钉安全性。     

一例典型的同心圆性硬化报告并文献复习

同心圆性硬化(Balo病)是一种罕见的中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病,我们最近收治一典型病例,现报告如下。患者,女,49岁,当地农民。因“头晕头痛半年,左侧肢体乏力1月余”于2005年11月10日入院。患者于半年前无明显诱因下开始出现头晕头痛,以劳累后为主,休息后可缓解,当     

外科治疗高血压脑出血60例报告

我科自2002年6月至2005年6月共收治高血压脑出血60例,现将治疗结果总结报告如下。一、对象与方法1.一般资料:本组男37例,女23例;年龄42~70岁,平均55.5岁;患者均有高血压病史。2.血肿部位及出血量:血肿部位:基底节区出血36例,皮质下白质内出血20例,小脑出血4例,其中出血破入脑室     

Benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BCECTS): early onset of seizures is associated with poorer response to initial treatment.

AIM: Benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BCECTS) is the most common idiopathic partial epilepsy in children. Treatment attitudes remain a controversial issue. We examine features that could suggest refractoriness at onset. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 144 children with BCECTS diagnosed at the Division of Pediatric Neurology, Asan Medical Center, from March 1, 1995, to April 30, 2002 and treated with AEDs. The patients were subdivided into two groups according to the number of antiepileptic drugs used for effective seizure control. RESULTS: Of the 144 patients, 75 were male and 69 were female, with a mean age at seizure-onset of 7.2 +/- 2.3 years (range, 2.1-14.3 years); 119 children were taking one antiepileptic drug (AED) (Group A), and 25 were taking more than one (Group B). There were no significant group differences in female-to-male ratio, prescribed AEDs, number of seizures before the start of treatment, interval between seizure-onset and start of treatment, presence of secondarily generalized seizures, or presence of bilateral EEG abnormalities. The groups differed however, in mean age at seizure onset (7.6 +/- 2.2 years versus 5.1 +/- 1.9 years, p < 0.05) and percentage of patients with seizure-onset before 3 years (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When treated with AEDs, children with BCECTS usually respond well. However, an earlier onset of seizures is associated with more frequent seizures and initial refractoriness to medical treatment.     

Retrospective case-analysis of the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in the brain of patients with Wilson disease

BACKGROUND:Wilson disease (WD)damages liver,brain,kidney,cornea and nervous system severely.It is manifested in four ways:brain,liver,kidney and bone muscle.Whether or not magnetic resonance imagling (MRI)can clearly display the diseased region and range in brain of patient with WD,which provides imageological evidence for clinical practice,is unclear.OBJECTIVE:To observe the charactedstics of MRI of brain in patient with SD,and analyze the correlation of diseased region with clinical symptoms.DESIGN:Retrospective case-analysis.SETTING:Department of Radiology,Second Hospital Affiliated to the General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-one patients,including 18 males and 13 females,with WD admitted to the Department of Neurology,Second Hospital Affiliated to the General Hospital of Chinese PLA between January 1999and December 2005 were retrieved.The involved patients presented serum copper oxidase (sCP) activity decreasling and/or caruloplasmin Ievel decreasling and/or urinary copper content increasling;typical extrapyramidal symptoms and/or physical sign;abnormality showed by slit-lamp examination,Kayser-Fleischer rling positive.METHODS:①All the involved patients underwent MRI examination.A GE 1.5T imagling equipment was used.Spin-echo sequence was adopted to perform T2 and T1-weighed image at transverse axis level.Partial cases subjected to head scannling at coronal and/or sagittal level.Gd-DTPA With dosage of 0.1 mmol/kg was the strongest in 4 cases.②MRI characteristics of patients with dliferent clinical symptoms were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:MRI detection results of patients with WD and MRI characteristics of patients with different clinical symptoms.RESULTS:Thirty-one patients with WD participated in the result analysis.①Imageological examination results:WD lnvolved many regions in the brain:dorsal caudate putamen(n=28),thalamencephalon(n=25),mesencaphalon(n=25),globus pallidus(n=23),pons(n=21),posterlor limb of intemal capsule(n=16),dentate nucleus(n=16),caudata nucleus(n=15)and cerebral cortex(n=11).MRI presented hypo-intensity signal on T2-weighted image and T1-weighted image or isointensity signal on T1-weighted image in 24 patients,characteristic hypo-intensity signal of globus pallidus in 4 patients,mixed signal of hyper-and hypo-intensity in 2 patients,hypo-intensity signal of globus pallidus,pars anterior pedunculi carebd and pontine tegmentum on T1-weighted image in 1 patient.Pathological changes distdbuted in symmetry and focus of infection mostly presented mottling,lamellar or strip.Different degrses of cerebral cortex atrophy,especially subtentodal cerebellar atrophy,ware found in 20 patients.Four patients subjected to enhancement scannling,but no clear imaqling was found.③MRI characteristics of patients with different symptoms:Abnormal signal of dorsal caudate putamen was found in 28 patients with dystonia,21 patients with dysarthda and 16 patients with bradykinesia;Abnormal signal of mesencaphalon was found in 22 patients with trepidation,among which,18 presented abnormal signal of pons;Abnormal signal of caudate nucleus and lenticular nucleus was found in 15 patients with dysphagia;Abnormal signal of dentate nucleus was found in 16 patients with carebellar ataxia;Different degrees of changes in cerebral atrophy were found in 14 patients with detedoratling memory and dementia.CONCLUSION:MRI can clearly display the characteristics of diseased regions in brain of patient with WD.Diseased regions reflected by MRI have obvious differences in patients with different clinical neurosigns.