P2u receptor-mediated release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor from cerebrovascular endothelium in rats

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stimulation of P2u purinoceptors by UTP on endothelium dilates the rat middle cerebral artery (MCA) through the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide (EDRF/NO) and an unknown relaxing factor. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this unknown relaxing factor is endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). METHODS: Rat MCAs were isolated, cannulated, pressurized, and luminally perfused. UTP was added to the luminal perfusate to elicit dilations. RESULTS: Resting outside diameter of the MCAs in one study was 209+/-7 micrometer (n=10). The MCAs showed concentration-dependent dilations with UTP administration. Inhibition of NO synthase with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (1 micromol/L to 1 mmol/L) did not diminish the maximum response to UTP but did shift the concentration-response curve to the right. Scavenging NO with hemoglobin (1 or 10 micromol/L) or inhibition of guanylate cyclase with ODQ (1 or 10 micromol/L) had effects on the UTP-mediated dilations similar to those of L-NAME. In the presence of L-NAME, dilations induced by 10 micromol/L UTP were accompanied by 13+/-2 mV (P<0.009) hyperpolarization of the vascular smooth muscle membrane potential (-28+/-2 to -41+/-1 mV). Iberiotoxin (100 nmol/L), blocker of the large-conductance calcium-activated K channels, sometimes blocked the dilation, but its effects were variable. Charybdotoxin (100 nmol/L), also a blocker of the large-conductance calcium-activated K channels, abolished the L-NAME-insensitive component of the dilation to UTP. CONCLUSIONS: Stimulation of P2u purinoceptors on the endothelium of the rat MCA released EDHF, in addition to EDRF/NO, and dilated the rat MCA by opening an atypical calcium-activated K channel.     

急性非淋巴细胞白血病中MGMT与p53基因突变的研究

目的 探讨肿瘤抑制基因ｐ５３、ＭＧＭＴ在急性非淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＮＬＬ）中的改变。方法 用聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）技术对３１例ＡＮＬＬ患者、２２例正常人ｐ５３基因第５、６、７、８外显子和ＭＧＭＴ基因第１、４外显子进行突变分析。结果 ３１例ＡＮＬＬ中５例存在ｐ５３基因突变、４例存在ＭＧＭＴ基因突变,其中２例ｐ５３与ＭＧＭＴ同时发生突变。结论 ｐ５３基因突变在白血病发生中起一定     

Neurothekeoma palpebrae: a rare nerve sheath tumor arising in the eyelid

PURPOSE: To report a case of an eyelid neurothekeoma, a rare peripheral nerve sheath tumor. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: An excisional biopsy, performed on a lesion removed from the upper eyelid of a 76-year-old woman, revealed the clinical and histopathologic features of a neurothekeoma, a tumor consisting of multiple collections of spindle cells in a myxomatous background. Immunohistochemical characterization showed positivity for NK1/C3, neuron-specific enolase, and alcian blue. CONCLUSION: Neurothekeoma palpebrae should be considered in the differential diagnosis of solitary nodules of the eyelids.     

大剂量甲基强的松龙静脉内冲击疗法治疗顽固性巩膜炎

评估甲基强的松龙对严重顽固性巩膜炎的疗效,为治疗严重顽固性巩膜炎寻找一种理想的方法。方法：１０例严重顽固性巩膜炎患者采用静脉内大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法（５００ｍｇ／日）,连续３天为一疗程,可重复几个疗程,每疗程后间隔３～４天,并逐渐减量。结果：３～４疗程后,１０例患者其平均记分由治疗前的１２．２分降低到２．４分（Ｐ＜０．０１）,病情改善者３例,治愈者７例。副反应轻微。结论：静脉内大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法治疗巩膜炎疗效高、作用快、副反应轻,是一种理想的治疗方法。值得进一步总结。     

电针对去势大鼠外周血淋巴细胞雌激素受体影响的研究

目的　从生殖内分泌 -免疫网络角度探讨电针治疗围绝经期综合征的作用机制。方法　以去势大鼠为实验对象 ,取双侧三阴交、太溪、后三里穴 ,采用放射免疫法和流式细胞分析技术 ,观察电针治疗对去势大鼠血清雌激素 (E2 )、促黄体生成素 (LH)、促卵泡生成素(FSH)及外周血淋巴细胞内雌激素受体 (ER)水平的影响。结果　电针可使去势大鼠血清E2 明显升高 ,LH及FSH明显下降 ,外周血淋巴细胞内ER明显升高 ,与造模组比较有显著性差异。结论　电针可明显改善去势大鼠的生殖内分泌功能 ,并能调节免疫细胞的雌激素受体表达。     

纤维喉镜下气管食管穿刺术及Provox发音钮植入的体会

目的 探讨采用纤维喉镜监察替代硬管食管镜或颈外径路进行气管食管穿刺及植入Provox发音钮的效果。方法 本文引述2例在纤维喉镜下进行二期气管食管穿刺术，2例分别在全麻及局麻下进行，植入Provox发音钮后，再以纤维喉镜检定位置。结果 2例术后能实时使用Provox发音钮发声，音色响亮清澈，并无不良反应。结论 纤维喉镜监察下进行气管食管穿刺术，准确性高，手术创伤小，对因手术或放疗引起颈项不能后仰的病人特别有利。     

The attitudes of cancer patients and their families toward the disclosure of terminal illness.

PURPOSE:To ascertain the attitude of cancer patients and their families toward disclosure of terminal illness to the patient. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We constructed a questionnaire that included demographic and clinical information and delivered it to 758 consecutive individuals (433 cancer patients and 325 families that have a relative with cancer) at seven university hospitals and one national cancer center in Korea. RESULTS: 380 cancer patients and one member from each of 281 families that have a relative with cancer completed the questionnaire. Cancer patients were more likely than family members to believe that patients should be informed of the terminal illness (96.1% v 76.9%; P <.001). Fifty percent of the family members and 78.3% of the patients thought that the doctor in charge should be the one who informs the patient. Additionally, 71.7% of the patients and 43.6% of the family members thought that patients should be informed immediately after the diagnosis. Stepwise multiple logistic regression indicated that the patient group was more likely than the family group to want the patient to be informed of the terminal illness (odds ratio [OR], 9.76; 95% CI, 4.31 to 22.14), by the doctor (OR, 4.00; 95% CI, 2.61 to 6.11), and immediately after the diagnosis (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.45 to 5.41). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that most cancer patients want to be informed if their illness is terminal, and physicians should realize that the patient and the family unit may differ in their attitude toward such a disclosure. Our results also reflect the importance of how information is given to the patient.     

抗补体蛋白对大鼠局灶脑缺血损伤的作用

0　引言　近年来脑缺血损伤的早期炎症受到重视 .有学者观察到在人脑梗塞部位白细胞集聚 ,临床预后与梗塞部位的白细胞数量有关 ,白细胞多者预后差 [1 ] .还有文献描述了大鼠持续性脑缺血损伤中的多形核中性细胞反应的时间过程 ,收稿日期 :1999-0 3 -2 6;　修回日期 :1999-0 5 -13基金项目 :国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 9170 3 15 ) ;全军医药卫生科研基金资助项目 ( 92 5 0 5 2 )作者简介 :刘　立 ( 195 8-) ,男 (汉族 ) ,江苏省无锡市人 .副教授 ,博士 .Tel.( 0 2 9) 3 3 74819缺血 30 min就可以观察到多形核中性细胞于缺血部位的微血…