全文获取类型
收费全文 | 917篇 |
免费 | 45篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 46篇 |
妇产科学 | 26篇 |
基础医学 | 114篇 |
口腔科学 | 7篇 |
临床医学 | 46篇 |
内科学 | 189篇 |
皮肤病学 | 6篇 |
神经病学 | 68篇 |
特种医学 | 31篇 |
外科学 | 223篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 36篇 |
眼科学 | 10篇 |
药学 | 56篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 99篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 24篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 34篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 40篇 |
2011年 | 48篇 |
2010年 | 33篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 49篇 |
2007年 | 58篇 |
2006年 | 57篇 |
2005年 | 69篇 |
2004年 | 43篇 |
2003年 | 53篇 |
2002年 | 48篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1963年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有963条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Seishima M Nojiri M Esaki C Yoneda K Eto Y Kitajima Y 《The Journal of investigative dermatology》1999,112(4):432-436
Activin A, a member of the TGFbeta-superfamily, is well known to play important roles in the growth and differentiation of various target cells. We have previously demonstrated that activin A is produced at an early stage of cultivation at both the protein and the mRNA levels in cultured human keratinocytes. In this study, the effects of activin A on differentiation and proliferation of human keratinocytes were examined. Activin A (> or =1 nM) induced cornified envelope formation and the synthesis of loricrin, keratin 1, involucrin, and transglutaminase 1. In addition, transglutaminase activity and mRNA level of transglutaminase 1 were increased by activin A. [3H]Thymidine incorporation and cell number were reduced by activin A (> or =1 nM) compared with control, suggesting an inhibitory effect of activin A on cell proliferation. On the basis of these findings, it is likely that activin A contributes to differentiation and suppression of proliferation in human keratinocytes. 相似文献
102.
103.
K Nishida M Kaji H Furuno M Hiida M Kuriyama Y Mutaguchi M Higashijima K Takagi I Nojiri 《Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese journal of geriatrics》1991,28(5):634-639
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was performed in 32 patients with nasogastric feeding (NGF) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN), who were unable to swallow. Our cases of PEG included 10 with dementia, 8 with cerebral infarction, 8 with cerebral bleeding, 3 with gastric cancer, and others. TPN was performed after PEG for a short time. Because of the combination of TPN and PEG, there was no mortality or major complication related to the procedure. Minor complications included subcutaneous abscess and TPN catheter fever. PEG can be safely and rapidly performed. Furthermore, painless life, better cosmetic features and physical condition can be obtained with this procedure. The majority of the patients are able to return home after PEG. PEG can improve the quality of life of the patients who cannot swallow but have an intact gut. 相似文献
104.
Autoimmune Pancreatitis as a New Clinical Entity (Three Cases of Autoimmune Pancreatitis with Effective Steroid Therapy) 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
Tetsuhide Ito Itsuro Nakano Shujiro Koyanagi Toshihiko Miyahara Yoshikatsu Migita Keiichiro Ogoshi Hironori Sakai Shizu Matsunaga Osamu Yasuda Toshihiko Sumii Hajime Nawata 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1997,42(7):1458-1468
The most common forms of chronic pancreatitisare related to alcohol ingestion, whereas the entity ofnon-alcohol-associated (idiopathic) pancreatitis ispoorly understood. Autoimmunity has been suggested as a possible etiologic factor of idiopathicchronic pancreatitis. A total of 362 Japanese patientsunderwent endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP)for suspected pancreatic disease, and 161 were diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis. Among them, we foundthree cases (1.86% incidence) of unique chronicpancreatitis, in which ERP revealed diffuse narrowing ofthe main pancreatic duct with an irregular wall. We diagnosed these three patients as havingpancreatitis associated with an autoimmune mechanismmorphologically and biochemically and started them onsteroid therapy. The characteristics of the these three patients were as follows:hypergammaglobulinemia, eosinophilia, ultrasonographyshowing hypoehoic diffuse swelling in the pancreas(sausage-like appearance), ERP showing diffuse narrowingof the main pancreatic duct with irregular like thumbprintlike marks,reversible exocrine insufficiency, and positiveanti-carbonic anhydrase II antibody. After one month ofthe treatment with steroids, pancreatitis dramatically improved morphologically and enzymatically.Here we describe these cases of the suspected autoimmunechronic pancreatitis. We must recognize the concept andthe features of autoimmune pancreatitis in order to avoid unnecessary surgery as pancreaticcancer. 相似文献
105.
Yasuhiro Iwanaga Yasuyuki Suzuki Yoshikatsu Okada Hiroshi Mori Ippei Matsumoto Masaaki Mitsutsuji Yasuki Tanioka Yasuhiro Fujino Masahiro Tominaga Yonson Ku Yoshikazu Kuroda 《Transplant international》2002,15(8):425-430
The two-layer cold storage method (TLM) using University of Wisconsin (UW) solution supplies sufficient oxygen to pancreatic grafts during preservation and extends pancreas preservation time to up to 96 h in the canine model. Simple cold storage in UW (UWM) on the other hand, preserves canine pancreas grafts for up to 72 h by preventing cell swelling, mainly because of its high osmotic pressure. The aim of this study is to analyze morphologically dog pancreatic grafts preserved by these two methods with their different mechanisms. Immediately after preservation of canine pancreata by TLM for 72 h and 96 h (group 1 and group 3, respectively), and by UWM for 72 h and 96 h (group 2 and group 4, respectively), tissue ATP levels were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and detailed morphological analyses of intragraft components were performed using light- and electron microscopy. The mean areas of one mitochondrion and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) vacuolization were calculated by computer-graphic analyses using NIH image 1.62 f soft. The tissue ATP levels were significantly higher in groups 1 and 3 than groups 2 and 4 ( P < 0.05). Light microscopy demonstrated no marked difference among the 4 groups. By electron microscopy however, mitochondrial swelling and RER vacuolization were observed in acinar cells to various extents in the 4 groups. They were significantly more evident in group 2 than group 1 ( P < 0.05), and in group 4 than group 3 ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, TLM demonstrated excellent protection of intracellular organelles, mitochondria, and RER, up to 72-96 h. Well-maintained graft ATP levels in TLM groups may result in maintaining the integrity of intracellular organelle membranes as well as cellular membranes. 相似文献
106.
The herpes simplex virus type 1 BgKL variant, unlike the BgOL variant, shows a higher association with orolabial infection than with infections at other sites, supporting the variant-dispersion-replacement hypothesis 下载免费PDF全文
107.
Hiroki Okanishi Ryuichi Ohgaki Suguru Okuda Hitoshi Endou Yoshikatsu Kanai 《Cancer science》2021,112(2):871-883
L‐type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is highly expressed in various cancers and plays important roles not only in the amino acid uptake necessary for cancer growth but also in cellular signaling. Recent research studies have reported anticancer effects of LAT1 inhibitors and demonstrated their potential for cancer therapy. Here, we characterized the proteome and phosphoproteome in LAT1‐inhibited cancer cells. We used JPH203, a selective LAT1 inhibitor, and performed tandem mass tag–based quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics on four biliary tract cancer cell lines sensitive to JPH203. Our analysis identified hundreds to thousands of differentially expressed proteins and phosphorylated sites, demonstrating the broad influence of LAT1 inhibition. Our findings showed various functional pathways altered by LAT1 inhibition, and provided possible regulators and key kinases in LAT1‐inhibited cells. Comparison of these changes among cell lines provides insights into general pathways and regulators associated with LAT1 inhibition and particularly suggests the importance of cell cycle–related pathways and kinases. Moreover, we evaluated the anticancer effects of the combinations of JPH203 with cell cycle–related kinase inhibitors and demonstrated their potential for cancer therapy. This is the first study providing the proteome‐wide scope of both protein expression and phosphorylation signaling perturbed by LAT1 inhibition in cancer cells. 相似文献
108.
Hiroki Takashima Yoshikatsu Koga Shino Manabe Kazunobu Ohnuki Ryo Tsumura Takahiro Anzai Nozomi Iwata Yang Wang Takuya Yokokita Yukiko Komori Daiki Mori Sachiko Usuda Hiromitsu Haba Hirofumi Fujii Yasuhiro Matsumura Masahiro Yasunaga 《Cancer science》2021,112(5):1975-1986
Tissue factor (TF), the trigger protein of the extrinsic blood coagulation cascade, is abundantly expressed in various cancers including gastric cancer. Anti-TF monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) capable of targeting cancers have been successfully applied to armed antibodies such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and molecular imaging probes. We prepared an anti-TF mAb, clone 1084, labeled with astatine-211 (211At), as a promising alpha emitter for cancer treatment. Alpha particles are characterized by high linear energy transfer and a range of 50-100 µm in tissue. Therefore, selective and efficient tumor accumulation of alpha emitters results in potent antitumor activities against cancer cells with minor effects on normal cells adjacent to the tumor. Although the 211At-conjugated clone 1084 (211At-anti-TF mAb) was disrupted by an 211At-induced radiochemical reaction, we demonstrated that astatinated anti-TF mAbs eluted in 0.6% or 1.2% sodium ascorbate (SA) solution were protected from antibody denaturation, which contributed to the maintenance of cellular binding activities and cytocidal effects of this immunoconjugate. Although body weight loss was observed in mice administered a 1.2% SA solution, the loss was transient and the radioprotectant seemed to be tolerable in vivo. In a high TF–expressing gastric cancer xenograft model, 211At-anti-TF mAb in 1.2% SA exerted a significantly greater antitumor effect than nonprotected 211At-anti-TF mAb. Moreover, the antitumor activities of the protected immunoconjugate in gastric cancer xenograft models were dependent on the level of TF in cancer cells. These findings suggest the clinical availability of the radioprotectant and applicability of clone 1084 to 211At-radioimmunotherapy. 相似文献
109.
Given that an increasing number of elderly patients are undergoing surgical procedures for a diversity of indications, the concept of frailty is currently being examined in more depth in clinical medicine. Established surgical risk scores designed to predict mortality are mainly focused on general demographic information and clinical factors; however, these do not account for the frailty condition. With vulnerability and low resiliency in the frail elderly, these conventional scores are unable to accurately predict postoperative outcomes including adverse complications, disability, the need for additional rehabilitation, and prolonged length of hospitalization. Over the last decade, it has been demonstrated that frailty is an independent risk factor of surgery and strongly associated with adverse postoperative outcomes and mortality. It is essential today that surgeons assimilate the concept of frailty and the relationship between frailty and surgical outcomes. A preoperative frailty assessment can assist in determining surgical indication and optimal perioperative management, ultimately impacting the postoperative functional state and quality of life. Here we review the validity of preoperative frailty assessments for surgical intervention, possible treatments for frailty, and indicate future directions in this field. 相似文献
110.
Naoki Masaki Kiichiro Kumagai Konosuke Sasaki Satoshi Matsuo Naotaka Motoyoshi Osamu Adachi Masatoshi Akiyama Shunsuke Kawamoto Koichi Tabayashi Yoshikatsu Saiki For the STANP trial investigators 《General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2018,66(6):334-343