陕西省就诊病人反应性分析

分析了陕西省城乡不同地区就诊患者的流向及患者的反应性.总的来讲,城乡患者就诊首选基层门诊,城市患者对大医院的利用率明显高于农村,陕西省卫生系统的反应性界于一般与好之间(平均3～4分),对就诊医疗机构满意率最低的是投诉及查询费用方便程度.大多数的患者对医疗机构存在一定程度的不满意,其最不满意的方面主要是医疗费用高;其次是设备、环境差,技术水平低.这也说明陕西省卫生系统反应性整体水平有待于提高.     

康胃方对新生大鼠HP感染的根除及胃黏膜保护作用

目的 :HP悉尼菌株灌胃复制感染动物模型 ,观察康胃方对HP的根除及胃黏膜细胞保护作用。方法 :SD新生大鼠随机分为正常对照组、病理模型组、三联治疗组及康胃方组 ,除正常对照组外 ,每日经口接种 10 9CFU mlHP菌液 0 1ml,共 3次。 8周后进行UBT ,随即接受相应的治疗 ,共 4周。疗后第 4周 ,测定胃黏膜RO、NO、iNOS、MnSOD及NPSH的含量或活性。结果 :HP感染动物 ,UBT与胃黏膜所含RO、NO、iNOS和MnSOD明显升高 ,NPSH显著下降 (P <0 0 1)。康胃方治疗后 ,UBT降低 ,其他指标明显改善 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :康胃方对新生大鼠感染HP有明显的根除作用 ,并对胃黏膜有一定的细胞保护作用。     

Linearly optimum seeking K-value in the fitting of exponential and geometric

ＬｉｎｅａｒｌｙｏｐｔｉｍｕｍｓｅｅｋｉｎｇＫ－ｖａｌｕｅｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｔｔｉｎｇｏｆｅｘｐｏｎｅｎｔｉａｌａｎｄｇｅｏｍｅｔｒｉｃｃｕｒｖｅｓ￥（陈长生）（徐勇勇）（张成岗）ＣｈｅｎＣｈａｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ；ＸｕＹｏｎｇｙｏｎｇ；ＺｈａｎｇＣｈｅｎｇｇ...     

Incidence of tuberculosis in mountain areas and surrounding townships: dose-response relationship by geographic analysis

PURPOSE: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Taiwan is known to be high in aboriginal mountain areas and low in the surrounding non-mountain areas. The aim of this study was to assess whether TB incident cases in the surroundings of mountain areas decreased with distance from foci of mountain areas. METHODS: The mountain areas in Taiwan are adjacent to each other and divided into four geographic groups. Townships with high TB incidence in each group were treated as the foci of TB infection. The surrounding townships were then classified, by distance away from foci, into three levels: < 20 km, 20 to 40 km, and 40 to 60 km. Data were obtained on a total of 84,366 TB cases from 1991 to 1997 from the Taiwan Tuberculous Disease Registry Center. RESULTS: The incidence of TB in each of the four groups was significantly higher in the mountain areas compared with non-mountain areas, with relative risks ranging from 8.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.8-9.1) for the southern group to 15.0 (95% CI, 13.4-16.9) for the northern group. Relative risks for surrounding townships decreased with distance in all four groups. Such a gradient relationship was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: A significant dose-response relationship between distance from townships with a high incidence of TB and the incidence of TB in the surrounding areas has been demonstrated.     

A solid-phase approach to DDB derivatives

Since the discovery of 2,2'-dimethoxycarbonyl-4,4-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-biomethylenedioxy-biphenyl (DDB) as a potent anti-HBV agent, we have studied the structure-activity relationships of 4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethenedioxy-2-alkyloxycarbonyl-2'-(4-substituted benzyl piperazin-1-yl)carbonyl-biphenyl as anti-HBV agents. Therefore, it is rational to extend this study to the 3,3'-disustituted-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethenedioxy-2-alkyloxycarbonyl-2'-Serine derivatives. Thus, in an attempt to develop an efficient method for the preparation of a large number of DDB derivatives, the reaction between a DDB acid chloride and serine derivatives on solid support was studied. The structure of resulted compounds was confirmed by LC-MS and (1)H NMR analysis. Compounds 2a, 2d, 2f, 2j showed in vitro anti-HBV activity without significant toxicity up to 100 microM.     

Tissue transglutaminase during mouse central nervous system development: lack of alternative RNA processing and implications for its role(s) in murine models of neurotrauma and neurodegeneration

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is a member of a multigene family principally involved in catalyzing the formation of protein cross-links. Unlike other members of the transglutaminase family, tTG is multifunctional since it also serves as a guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding protein (Galpha(h)) and participates in cell adhesion. Different isoforms of tTG can be produced by proteolysis or alternative splicing. We find that tTG mRNA is expressed at low levels in the mouse CNS relative to other tissues, and at lower levels in the CNS of mouse in comparison to that of human or rat. tTG mRNA levels are higher in the heart compared to the CNS, for example, and much higher in the liver. Within the CNS, tTG message is lowest in the adult cerebellum and thalamus and highest in the frontal cortex and striatum. In the hippocampus, tTG expression is highest during embryonic development and falls off dramatically after 1 week of life. We did not find alternative splicing of the mouse tTG. At the protein level, the predominant isoform is approximately 62 kDa. In summary, tTG, an important factor in neuronal survival, is expressed at low levels in the mouse CNS and, unlike rat and human tTG, does not appear to be regulated by alternative splicing. These findings have implications for analyses of rodent tTG expression in human neurodegenerative and neurotrauma models where alternative processing may be an attractive pathogenetic mechanism. They further impact on drug discovery paradigms, where modulation of activity may have therapeutic value.     

The expression of EGFR family ligands in breast carcinomas

Expression of EGF, HB-EGF, TGF-alpha, HRG-alpha, HRG-beta1, and HRG-beta3 in 100 frozen breast carcinoma materials was immunohistochemically studied. Among these tumors, 67% were positive for EGF, 53% for HB-EGF, 57% for TGF-alpha, 60% for HRG-alpha, 53% for HRG-beta1, and 63% for HRG-beta3 in the neoplastic epithelial cells. No significant associations between expression of the growth factors and clinicopathological features like tumor size, histologic grade, node status, ploidy, ER status, and c-erbB-4 expression were observed, with the exceptions that significant relations were present between EGF expression and tumor size (p = 0.01) and between HRG-beta3 expression and node status (p = 0.02). The expressions of these growth factors showed no association with cancer-specific survival by the Kaplan Meier analysis.     

Type 1 protein tyrosine kinases in breast carcinoma: a review

One of the most studied onco-gene families in breast tumors is the type 1 protein tyrosine kinase family, which consists of EGFR, c-erbB-2, c-erbB-3, and c-erbB-4. Overexpression of c-erbB-2 protein/mRNA in breast carcinomas is consistently associated with poor prognosis, while EGFR overexpression has been confirmed to have a synergistic clinical effect on the c-erbB-2 influence. The expression pattern of c-erbB-4 in breast carcinomas is special. Unlike other type 1 protein tyrosine kinases, expression of c-erbB-4 protein/mRNA is reduced in carcinomas compared with that in normal breast epithelia, and its expression has also been associated with a better clinical outcome, indicating the need for c-erbB-4 analysis when clinical therapeutic application of EGFR and c-erbB-2 anitbodies is considered. In addition, studies of the adaptor proteins in breast carcinomas are highly indicated in order to clarify the mechanisms behind the dysregulated expression of such receptors in breast carcinomas.     

某省居民突发公共卫生事件认知及心理调查

进入21世纪以来只有短短几年的时间，我国就经历了数次规模不小的突发公共卫生事件，如SARS、禽流感、近期的松花江水污染。尤其是SARS爆发，对我国民众的健康理念和生活方式产生了深远的影响，政府对公共卫生更加重视，由此加快了突发公共卫生事件应对体系的建立和健全。为了探讨政府、传媒及公众认知互动在突发公共卫生事件预防和控制中的作用，对黑龙江省部分城乡居民进行了问卷调查。     

体外模拟二氧化碳人工气腹对宫颈癌细胞生长的影响

目的 观察二氧化碳（CO2）人工气腹对宫颈癌细胞生长的影响，探讨其与乏氧的关系。方法 2005-10—2006-03华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院通过裸鼠右下腹腔注射宫颈癌细胞，注射宫颈癌细胞株（Hela）数量：4×10^9／L：将注射后40只裸鼠随机分成4组，每组10只：阴性对照组（常氧组）：仅给予右下腹腔注射宫颈癌细胞；CO2气腹模拟环境按CO2灌注压分3组：CO2灌注压4mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）组，CO2灌注压10mmHg组，CO2灌注压16mmHg组．4周后观察裸鼠体重改变、切除瘤灶称瘤重、瘤体标本用免疫组化测定增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）、Western-blot方法检测瘤体的缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）表达．结果 与阴性对照组比较，CO2气腹各组裸鼠体重下降明显，而瘤体重量增加相对显著，并随着CO2灌注压的增高这种趋势更为显著（P〈0．05）；CO2气腹各组裸鼠PCNA表达显著高于阴性对照组（P〈0．01）；CO2气腹各组裸鼠HIF-1α蛋白的表达与阴性对照组比较明显增加，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）．结论 与阴性对照组比较，CO2人工气腹环境可促进宫颈癌细胞生长，其机制可能与HIF-1α激活了PCNA表达，促进了细胞增殖有关。