Organochlorine Pesticides in Soils Around Watersheds of Beijing Reservoirs: A Case Study in Guanting and Miyun Reservoirs

A systematic survey of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in soils around reservoirs that supply water to Beijing, China, has been lacking. 104 representative surface soil samples were collected around Guanting Reservoir (GTR) and Miyun Reservoir (MYR) in Beijing watershed to characterize concentrations and sources of organochlorine pesticides, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Compared with other studies of OCPs in soils and with the Chinese environmental quality standard for soil, the concentrations of OCP were relatively lower in soils around the watershed. The results indicated that past agricultural application of OCPs was the major source of OCP residues in the watershed.     

Spatial Distribution of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Soils Surrounding Guanting Reservoir, People’s Republic of China

No abstract available.     

桡骨头切除术后的远期并发症及预防

目的:探讨桡骨头切除术后的远期并发症。方法:对单纯行桡骨头切除的30例桡骨头粉碎骨折患者作长期随访,分别从临床指标及放射学指标进行评估。结果:术后随访2~10年(平均5.5年),桡骨头切除后会出现较多的并发症,如肘、腕关节疼痛,前臂转旋功能障碍,肘关节不稳定,桡骨干上移、侧移,肘、腕关节骨性关节炎及下尺桡关节脱位或半脱位等。结论:桡骨头切除远期会出现较多的并发症,应慎重选择,严格掌握适应症,不可作为单纯性桡骨头骨折的首选方法,只要技术条件成熟,桡骨头尽量保留,这样有利于维持肘关节正常的结构,减少并发症。     

FGF2 Prevents Sunitinib-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Zebrafish and Cardiomyoblast H9c2 Cells

Sunitinib is used extensively in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma and imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. However, the undesirable cardiotoxic effects of sunitinib, such as congestive heart failure and hypertension, limit its use in the clinical setting. As multiple receptor tyrosine kinases are inhibited by sunitinib, it raises a question as to which target mediates sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity. Here, we reported that the injection of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) mRNA into one- to two-cell stage embryos protected against sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish. In addition, FGF2 significantly prevented sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells, possibly via activating the PLC-γ/c-Raf/CREB pathway. Importantly, FGF2 did not compromise the antitumor activity of sunitinib in Caki-1 and OS-RC-2 renal cell carcinoma cells. Molecular docking simulations further revealed an interaction between the tyrosine kinase domain of FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) and sunitinib. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrated that FGF2 inhibition plays an important role in sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. This study also provided a basis for further research on sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity and may allow rational design of new sunitinib derivatives with fewer or weak cardiotoxic effects.     

钉螺细胞凋亡的诱导及检测研究

目的：研究多种物理或化学诱导条件下钉螺是否发生细胞凋亡现象以及比较两种检测方法。方法：细胞凋亡诱导剂或紫外线处理离体钉螺细胞以及40℃环境温度或灭螺药处理整体钉螺，用Annexin V-FITC试剂盒和DNA凝胶电泳法检测凋亡细胞，结果：钉螺在40℃环境中干放4h的诱导条件下，用Annexin V-FITC试剂盒检测出凋亡细胞；DNA凝胶电泳检测未成功，结论：首次诱导并观察到钉螺细胞凋亡现象。     

铜绿假单胞菌所致社区获得性肺炎2例报告并文献复习

目的分析2例铜绿假单胞菌所致的社区获得性肺炎患者的临床、影像学及病原学特征。方法回顾性分析2例需人院治疗的铜绿假单胞菌肺炎患者的临床、影像学及病原学资料,复习相关文献资料。结果2例患者均为中年女性,具有相似的临床及影像学表现,以咳嗽、咳痰和发热为发病症状,病例1入院时呼吸衰竭,床旁经皮肺穿刺活检及针吸培养为铜绿假单胞菌,针对性抗感染治疗,病情进行性加重,住院9d后死亡。病例2人院时低氧血症,痰培养铜绿假单胞菌生长,抗感染治疗,病情一度好转后再加重,CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检为炎性改变,进一步抗感染治疗后好转。2例患者发病初期胸部CT均表现为多发结节影,病例1快速进展为多发大片实变影及坏死空洞,病例2后期胸部CT主要病变逐步吸收。结论铜绿假单胞菌引起的社区获得性肺炎并不罕见,进展快速,病死率高。     

Giant cell interstitial pneumonia: unusual lung disorder and an update

Background Giant cell interstitial pneumonia （GIP） was a rare form of pneumoconiosis,associated with exposure to hard metals,which had been reported mostly as isolated case reports.We described eight cases of GIP diagnosed in our hospital during the past seven years,with particular reference to new findings.Methods Eight patients with GIP confirmed by biopsy in the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University from 2005 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.For each patient,the occupy histories and medical records were thoroughly reviewed and clinic data were extracted.Two radiologists,without knowledge of any of the clinical and functional findings,independently reviewed the HRCT scans of all patients.Follow-up data were collected.Results Among the eight patients,seven had a history of exposure to hard metal dusts,one denied an exposure history.The most common manifestations were cough and dyspnea.One patient initiated with pneumothorax and another pleural effusion,both of which were uncommon to GIP.The main pathologic appearances were the presence of macrophages and multinucleated giant cells in the alveolar space.The clinical symptoms and radiographic abnormalities were obviously improved after cessation of exposure and receiving corticosteroid treatments,recurrences were observed in two patients when they resumed work.In spite of exposure cessation and corticosteroid treatment,one patient developed pulmonary fibrosis at seven years follow-up.Conclusions Awareness of the patients＇ occupational history often provided clues to the diagnosis of GIP.Histopathologic examinations were necessary to establish the right diagnosis.Exposure cessation was of benefit to most patients; however,pulmonary fibrosis was possible in spite of exposure cessation and corticosteroid treatment.Better ways should be found out to improve the outcome and quality of life.     

栀子-连翘药对清热、利胆作用研究

目的：观察栀子-连翘药对配伍前后对发热型大鼠清热、利胆方面的影响,证明其配伍可以明显增强清热、利胆作用。方法：采用背部皮下注射干酵母混悬液法建立大鼠发热模型。制备栀子、连翘、栀子-连翘药对水提取物冻干粉,临用前水溶解灌胃给药。将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药对照组及中药给药组,中药给药组分为栀子、连翘单药给药组及栀子-连翘药对给药组。中药提取物溶液浓度为10 mL·kg^-1（相当于单味药生药量3 g·kg^-1）,阳性药对照组给药浓度为10 mL·kg^-1,空白组、模型组灌胃给予等量的生理盐水。除正常组大鼠外,各组大鼠背部皮下注射15%的干酵母悬液10 mL·kg^-1,建立大鼠发热模型。电子体温计记录大鼠0、1、4、5、6、7、8 h体温,同时收集1-1、1-2、2-4、4-6、6-8、8-12、12-24 h胆汁,观察配伍前后发热大鼠的体温和胆汁量变化。结果：栀子、连翘及其药对配伍均具有一定的降低大鼠体温的作用,二药配伍后降温效果优于单用栀子或连翘;栀子-连翘药对能够降低发热大鼠的体温（P<0.05或P<0.01）,对正常大鼠的体温有一定影响;栀子与连翘配伍具有一定的促进发热大鼠胆汁分泌的作用,二药配伍后胆汁分泌效果明显优于单用栀子（P<0.05）。结论：栀子与连翘配伍在大鼠发热模型上的降温能力优于单药应用,但无显著性差异;而在促进胆汁分泌方面具有显著性差异,说明该药对配伍后利胆作用增强。     

胸腰椎损伤影像学三维定位综合分类的建议

目的 :探讨胸腰椎损伤后影像学三维定位综合分类的方法。方法 :对 2 2 7例胸腰椎损伤患者的X线片、CT片于矢状面、额状面、水平面上对椎体、椎管、附件结构损伤状况进行测量研究 ,探讨不同骨折类型与损伤层面、椎管占位状态及三柱损伤的关系 ,并用一种简明的文字清楚表达其内涵。结果 :爆裂损伤以Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ层面损伤 ,中央椎管占位 ,三柱均损伤为著 ;压缩骨折以Ⅰ、Ⅱ层面损伤 ,前柱损伤为著 ,无明显椎管占位 ;骨折脱位型以Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ层面损伤最多 ,椎管占位指数最高。结论 :用简明文字表达胸腰椎损伤的三维定位综合分类方法可减少命名的复杂性和混乱性 ,为临床选择治疗方案提供可靠依据。