肢端黏液样炎性纤维母细胞肉瘤2例及文献复习

目的探讨肢端黏液样炎性纤维母细胞肉瘤的临床病理学特征及鉴别诊断。方法对2例发生在下肢末端的黏液样炎性纤维母细胞肉瘤进行光镜观察和免疫组化标记，并复习文献。结果2例发生在下肢末端的病程较长的渐进性肿块，术后局部复发。镜检：病变呈多结节状，边界不清；黏液样基质中见数量不等的各类炎细胞浸润，散在或灶性分布梭形、奇异形和多空泡状脂肪母细胞样3种形态的瘤细胞。免疫表型：肿瘤细胞Vim弥漫阳性，CD68和CD34灶性阳性，CK、SMA、HHF-35、S-100蛋白、CD45、CD45R0、CD15、CD30均阴性。结论此病病程较长，术后易局部复发，是一种低度恶性的肿瘤。鉴于病变黏液样基质及各类炎细胞浸润的背景较为突出，而特征性的瘤细胞稀疏，应注意与炎症性病变或具有相似组织形态的良性或恶性肿瘤鉴别。     

慢性肾小球肾炎病人白细胞糖皮质激素受体的变化

以氚标记的地塞米松(~3H-Dex)为配体,用一点分析法测定了23例慢性肾小球肾炎病人混合白细胞的糖皮质激素受体(GCR),平均为8825±2429位点/细胞((?)±SD)。与正常人5154±1635位点/细胞相比相差十分显著,P<0.01。其中16例并发尿毒症患者的GCR平均为9464±2571位点/细胞((?)±SD)。对这种变化的可能机制和临床意义进行了讨论。     

Preparation of graded porous titanium coatings on titanium implant materials by plasma spraying

Graded porous titanium coatings have been deposited on titanium substrates for dental implants by plasma spraying in an argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface roughness measurement, and tensile strength tests were performed on graded porous coatings. The results showed that Ti(3)O(5) was formed in the outermost surface of the porous coatings due to oxidation. The graded porous coatings consisted of three layers. The outer layer was full of macropores with a surface roughness of approximately 100 microm. The diameter of many macropores reached and even surpassed 150 microm, which could be beneficial for tissue to grow into the coating. The middle layer consisted of a mixture of micropores and macropores. The inner layer was a very dense and tight interface layer that included mechanical, physical, and metallurgical bonding. In tensile strength tests, testing bars peeled off the coatings, because the adhesive agent fractured, but the coatings remained intact.     

Stimulus-dependent activation of c-Fos in neurons and glia in the rat cerebellum

The intent of the present study was to use chemical or electrical stimulation of cerebellar afferents to determine how different stimulation paradigms affect the pattern of activation of different populations of neurons in the cerebellar cortex. Specifically, we analyzed immediate changes in neuronal activity, identified neurons affected by different stimulation paradigms, and determined the time course over which neuronal activity is altered. In the present study, we used either systemic (harmaline) or electrical stimulation of the inferior cerebellar peduncle (10 and 40 Hz) to alter the firing rate of climbing and mossy fiber afferents to the rat cerebellum and an antibody made against the proto-oncogene, c-fos, as a marker to identify activated neurons and glia. In control animals, only a few scattered granule cells express nuclear Fos-like immunoreactivity. Although no other cells show Fos-like immunoreactivity in their nuclei, Purkinje cells express Fos-like immunoreactivity within their somatic and dendritic cytoplasm in control animals. Within 15 min of chemical or electrical stimulation, numerous granule and glial cells express Fos-like immunoreactivity in their nuclei. Cells in the molecular layer express Fos-like immunoreactivity following harmaline stimulation in a time and lobule specific manner; they do not appear to be activated in the electrical stimulation paradigm. Following harmaline injections, there is an initial loss of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm of Purkinje cells; 90 min later, nuclear staining is observed in a few scattered Purkinje cells. Following electrical stimulation, the cytoplasmic staining in Purkinje cells is enhanced; it is never present in the nucleus. Data derived from this study reveal cell-specific temporal and spatial patterns of c-Fos activation that is unique to each paradigm. Further, it reveals the presence of an activity dependent protein in the cytoplasm of Purkinje cell somata and dendrites.     

VALUE AND LIMITATIONS OF SINUS NODE FUNCTION TE.ST BY ATRIAL PACING IN SICK SINUS SYNDROME DIAGNOSIS

In order to evaluate the significance of the sinus node function test by transvenous atrial pacing in the diagno,sis of sick sinus syndrome (SSS), sinus node recovery time (SRT), co]rrected sinus node recovery time (CSRT) and total atrio- sinus and sino-atrial conduction time (SACT) are observed in 69 patients including non-SSS group 39 cases and SSS group 30 cases. According to our data, we suggest criteria for sinus node dysfunction as follows. SRT>1,400 ms and/or A-V junctional esca.pe before sinus recovery and;or secondary pause, CSRT>560 ms. total SACT>300 ms. With l item abnormal, the false positive rat.e in the non-SSS group is 7.7c7。 and the false negative rate in the S.SS group 3.30i" with 2 items abnormal, the false positive rate in the non-SSS group Oi and the false negative rate in the SSS grOiup 6.7'70. Atropine test results are compared with that of atrial pacing, 95.8To and 84.2% are compatible with each other in these 2 groups. In order to cut the use of invasive technic to the minimum, we propose performing the atropine test first. Only in those with unexplainable test results should the trial pacing test. be resorted to..     

儿童体质发展情况分析

目的 对昆明市城区连续三年3~6岁学龄前儿童体质测试结果进行分析,寻找学龄前儿童体质发展中的不平衡点,为制定体格锻炼、全面提高学龄前儿童身体素质的相关措施提供建议。 方法 选取2017-2019年连续进行体质测定的昆明市城区幼儿园38所,采用SPSS 20.0统计软件对结果进行数据分析。相关指标包括:身高、体重、10米折返跑、立定跳远、网球掷远、双脚连续跳、坐位体前屈、走平衡木8个体质项目,以及年龄别身高、年龄别体重、身高别体重3个生长发育评价结果。 结果 2019年体质测定的优秀率从2018年的32.5%提高到35.7%(χ²=62.512,P<0.05)。坐位体前屈0分值比率从2018年的1.7%上升到2019年的3%;除10米折返跑外,其余五个项目5分值比率2019年较2018年上升了1.8%~8.8%。与正常儿童6个项目相比,身高低常儿童平均分低1.855分(t=-16.416,P<0.05),体重低常儿童平均分低1.856分(t=-17.346,P<0.05);体重超常儿童平均分低0.277分(t=-2.798,P<0.05),消瘦儿童平均分低0.917分(t=-6.073,P<0.05),肥胖儿童平均分低0.571分(t=-5.490,P<0.05);身高超常儿童平均分高0.812分(t=7.123,P<0.05),且这生长发育异常的儿童在6个体质项目表现中,大部分项目的低分(0~2分)比率高于正常儿童。 结论 重视儿童柔韧性、平衡性锻炼,加强对家长的健康教育及认识的提高,做好儿童健康管理,做到早期预防及治疗生长发育相关疾病,才能持续促进体质健康发展,保障儿童健康。     

家庭养育方式与儿童睡眠状况关系分析

目的 分析家庭养育方式与儿童睡眠状况的关系,寻求对儿童睡眠有利的养育方式,为改善儿童睡眠质量提供相应的参考。方法 收集2021年9—12月于北京中医药大学孙思邈医院儿科体检的214名6~12岁儿童为研究对象,运用儿童版父母教养方式问卷(EMBU-C)及儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)评价家长养育方式及儿童睡眠状况,并分析其相关性。结果 CSHQ总分在不同年龄(t=6.45,P<0.001)、共睡情况(F=11.82,P<0.001)、电子屏幕使用时间(F=5.13,P=0.007)等因素上差异有统计学意义;父母EMBU-C与CSHQ的多个维度之间存在显著相关(P＜0.05);多元线性回归分析显示:从与抚养人同床睡到不同房间睡,CSHQ总分逐渐降低(β=-1.81),母亲情感温暖得分与CSHQ总分呈负相关(β=-0.50),电子屏幕使用时间与CSHQ总分呈正相关(β=1.89),差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),三者共同解释18%的变异(ΔR²=0.18)。结论 儿童的睡眠状况与年龄及家庭养育方式有关,家庭养育方式中的共睡和屏幕使用时间过长会降低儿童的睡眠质量,母亲情感温暖则对儿童睡眠的改善有一定意义。     

异基因造血干细胞移植后乙型病毒性肝炎防治新进展

 异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）是治愈恶性血液病的有效手段,但移植患者因接受感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的移植物、免疫功能严重受损等原因,术后并发乙型病毒性肝炎的风险增加。恩替卡韦和替诺福韦是目前公认用于预防allo-HSCT后乙型病毒性肝炎的有效药物,显著减少移植后患者的肝损伤。移植后患者的免疫重建时间长且重建规律存在异质性,导致术后监测和预防性抗HBV治疗的最佳持续时间尚未能明确。本文对allo-HSCT后HBV再激活的发生机制、乙型病毒性肝炎的特点及防治的最新研究进展进行综述。     

乳腺癌化疗HBV再激活患者肝功能水平及其影响因素

目的调查乳腺癌化疗患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)再激活和肝功能受损情况,分析影响HBV再激活的影响因素。方法选择2015年1月-2019年12月在焦作市人民医院及郑州大学第一附属医院(以下简称郑大一附院)接受化疗治疗的298例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,根据患者化疗期间是否发生HBV再激活,分为HBV激活组60例和HBV未激活组238例。回顾性分析两组患者入院的年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、化疗方案、是否使用激素治疗、基线乙型肝炎病毒e抗原(HBeAg)和基线HBV DNA等资料,归纳乳腺癌化疗患者HBV再激活的影响因素。分别于化疗前后,检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和总胆红素(TBiL)水平和HBsAg、乙型肝炎病毒核心抗体(HBcAb)、HBeAg和乙型肝炎病毒e抗体(HBeAb)滴度,实时荧光PCR法检测HBV DNA,评估患者的肝功能损伤。结果 298例乳腺癌患者化疗后出现HBV再激活60例(20.13%)。HBV激活组患者化疗后血清HBsAg滴度、HBeAg滴度、ALT、AST和TBiL高于化疗前(P<0.05);HBV激活组患者化疗后的HBsAg滴度、HBeAg滴度、ALT、AST和TBiL变化水平分别为(2 786.43±157.69)IU/ml、(64.87±6.15)IU/ml、(50.63±7.97)U/L、(44.72±6.82)U/L和(13.42±1.83)μmol/L,明显高于HBV未激活组(P<0.05);基线HBV DNA阳性(OR=1.992,P=0.025)、基线AST升高(OR=1.923,P=0.037)和基线ALT升高(OR=2.063,P=0.012)是乳腺癌化疗患者HBV再激活的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌化疗HBV再激活患者的肝功能损伤发生率明显升高,临床需重点关注化疗患者的肝功能和HBV DNA水平。