RNA sequencing screening of differentially expressed genes after spinal cord injury

In the search for a therapeutic schedule for spinal cord injury, it is necessary to understand key genes and their corresponding regulatory networks involved in the spinal cord injury process. However, ad hoc selection and analysis of one or two genes cannot fully reveal the complex molecular biological mechanisms of spinal cord injury. The emergence of second-generation sequencing technology(RNA sequencing) has provided a better method. In this study, RNA sequencing technology was used to analyze differentially expressed genes at different time points after spinal cord injury in rat models established by contusion of the eighth thoracic segment. The numbers of genes that changed significantly were 944, 1362 and 1421 at 1, 4 and 7 days after spinal cord injury respectively. After gene ontology analysis and temporal expression analysis of the differentially expressed genes, C5ar1, Socs3 and CCL6 genes were then selected and identified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay. The mRNA expression trends of C5ar1, Socs3 and CCL6 genes were consistent with the RNA sequencing results. Further verification and analysis of C5ar1 indicate that the level of protein expression of C5ar1 was consistent with its nucleic acid level after spinal cord injury. C5ar1 was mainly expressed in neurons and astrocytes. Finally, the gene Itgb2,which may be related to C5ar1, was found by Chilibot database and literature search. Immunofluorescence histochemical results showed that the expression of Itgb2 was highly consistent with that of C5ar1. Itgb2 was expressed in astrocytes. RNA sequencing technology can screen differentially expressed genes at different time points after spinal cord injury. Through analysis and verification, genes strongly associated with spinal cord injury can be screened. This can provide experimental data for further determining the molecular mechanism of spinal cord injury, and also provide possible targets for the treatment of spinal cord injury. This study was approved ethically by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Province, China(approval No. 2018-0306-001) on March 6, 2018.     

知识点模块网格化模型在肾内科实习生带教中的应用

目的 运用知识点模块网格化构建带教模型，观察其在肾内科实习生中的应用效果。方法 根据《内科学》（第八版）肾内科教学大纲要求，结合肾内科病房常见病、多发病的临床特点，精心挑选相关知识点，以理论为支撑点，以服务于实习带教工作为靶目标，各个知识点之间有临床的关联性，最终形成网格化的诊治分 析模型。将血尿、蛋白尿、高血压、水肿、肾小球滤过率为切入点，设定肾病综合征、系统性红斑狼疮、糖尿病肾病和急、慢性肾功能衰竭为临床知识必须掌握点，从病史、症状、体征和实验室检查几方面来培养实习生的诊疗思维，并通过知识点来关联疾病的诊治，从而帮助他们在有限的肾内科实习期间尽可能掌握肾内科临床知识。结果 本研究开展一年以来，对于来肾内科轮转的51 名实习生进行了模块网格化模型训练，实习生普遍反映该模型有很好的学习效果，让他们了解了肾内科临床重点，并能和理论学习的知识点有机融合在一起，开阔了实习生的诊疗视野，也便于对其他科知识点的学习。结论 基于知识点模块网格化，构建模型在肾内科实习生中有很好的带教作用，学生接受肾内科知识点的记忆增强，并能进一步推广到内科其他内容的实习带教中。     

Using arterial spin labeling blood flow and its histogram analysis to distinguish early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma from lymphoid hyperplasia

To investigate the feasibility of arterial spin labeling (ASL) blood flow (BF) and its histogram analysis to distinguish early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (NPLH).Sixty-three stage T1 NPC patients and benign NPLH patients underwent ASL on a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging system. BF histogram parameters were derived automatically, including the mean, median, maximum, minimum, kurtosis, skewness, and variance. Absolute values were obtained for skewness and kurtosis (absolute value of skewness [AVS] and absolute value of kurtosis [AVK], respectively). The Mann–Whitney U test, receiver operating characteristic curve, and multiple logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis.The mean, maximum, and variance of ASL BF values were significantly higher in early-stage NPC than in NPLH (all P < 0.0001), while the median and AVK values of early-stage NPC were also significantly higher than those of NPLH (all P < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the minimum and AVS values in early-stage NPC compared with NPLH (P = 0.125 and P = 0.084, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) of the maximum was significantly higher than those of the mean and median (P < 0.05). The AUC of variance was significantly higher than those of the other parameters (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that variance was the only independent predictor of outcome (P < 0.05).ASL BF and its histogram analysis could distinguish early-stage NPC from NPLH, and the variance value was a unique independent predictor.     

Er:YAG激光桩道预处理的研究进展

本文回顾了Er:YAG激光活化根管冲洗技术的最新研究进展,包括光子诱导光声流(photon initiated photoacoustic streaming,PIPS)技术和冲击波增强发射光声流(shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming,SWEEPS)技术,探讨Er:YAG激光预处理桩道的原理、优点以及对纤维桩粘接强度的影响,以期为临床选择适宜的桩道处理方法提供新思路。     

外周血液中miRNA表达与老年性黄斑变性相关性研究

目的　检测微小核糖核酸（microribonucleicacids，miRNA）在老年性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration，AMD）患者中的表达，并探讨miRNA的表达量与AMD病程之间的关系。方法　选取2014年1月至2016年11月于同济大学附属第十人民医院眼科门诊就诊的AMD患者6例为试验组，并选取同期6名正常人为对照组，通过基因芯片技术检测两组血液中miRNA的表达量。扩大样本的病例对照研究中共纳入126例AMD患者和140名正常人，检测其血液样本中miRNA的表达，比较两组人群间miRNA的表达量差异。结果　通过基因芯片技术，在试验组与对照组间共检测出216个miRNA存在表达差异（均为P<0.05），与对照组相比，试验组中111个miRNA表达量上升，105个miRNA表达量下降，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。扩大样本的病例对照研究结果表明，在AMD患者中，miR-27a-3p、miR-29b-3p、miR-195-5p的表达量显著上升，同时，湿性AMD患者血液中miR-27a-3p的表达量高于干性AMD患者，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。结论　AMD患者外周血中miRNA表达量水平有明显变化，miR-27a-3p、miR-29b-3p、miR-195-5p可能成为AMD血清学诊断和预后的标志物。     

Isolated Anisocoria as a Presenting Stroke Code Symptom is Unlikely to Result in Alteplase Administration

Background

Acute stroke codes may be activated for anisocoria, but how often these codes lead to a final stroke diagnosis or alteplase treatment is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of anisocoria in stroke codes that ultimately resulted in alteplase administration.

The Relationship Between Air Pollution and Lung Cancer in Nonsmokers in Taiwan

Introduction

For never-smokers (smoked <100 lifetime cigarettes), lung cancer (LC) has emerged as an important issue. We aimed to investigate the effects of prevalence changes in tobacco smoking and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (PM_2.5) levels on LC in Taiwan, in relation to contrasting PM_2.5 levels, between Northern Taiwan (NT) and Southern Taiwan (ST).