奥拉西坦联合尼莫地平治疗重症脑挫裂伤的临床观察

目的观察奥拉西坦联合尼莫地平治疗重症脑挫裂伤的临床疗效。方法选取新疆医科大学第二附属医院2010年11月—2014年10月收治的重症颅脑损伤患者130例,随机分为对照组(68例)和治疗组(62例)。两组患者术后均转入ICU监护并给予等常规治疗,对照组给予尼莫地平注射液4 mg/次,加入到250 m L生理盐水中静脉滴注,1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上加用注射用奥拉西坦,4 g/次,加入到250 m L生理盐水中缓慢静滴,1次/d。两组均连续治疗14 d。比较两组的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前,治疗第3、7、14天神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分、颅内压、GCS评分、脑电图快慢波比值、大脑中动脉(Mc A)平均血流速度、双侧平均肌力的变化。结果对照组和治疗组总有效率分别为61.76%、80.65%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组NIHSS评分从治疗第7天,治疗组从治疗第3天开始显著下降,同组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。从治疗第3天开始治疗组NIHSS评分显著低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05、0.01)。两组颅内压均从治疗第3天开始降低,GCS评分、Mc A平均血流速度、双侧平均肌力从治疗第3天开始升高,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗组从治疗第3天开始,GCS评分、Mc A平均血流速度高于对照组,治疗组在治疗第3、7天颅内压低于对照组,在治疗第7天快慢波比值低于对照组,在治疗第3、14天双侧平均肌力高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05、0.01)。结论奥拉西坦联和尼莫地平治疗重症脑挫裂伤术后患者具有较好的临床疗效,可促进患者神经功能恢复,提高患者生存质量,为进一步探索和治疗重症脑挫裂伤患者提供明确的思路。     

Halo vest versus spinal fusion for cervical injury: evidence from an outcome study

The indications for surgical fusion, as opposed to halo fixation, in the management of cervical spine injury are still unclear. At St. Louis University Medical Center a conservative protocol has been adopted to treat almost all cervical spine fractures with halo fixation. To determine what factors have contributed to failure of halo fixation, the records and radiographs of all patients with cervical spine injuries who were treated at that institution between 1984 and 1986 were reviewed. During this interval, 124 patients were treated, consisting of 93 men and 31 women between 6 and 94 years old. Of these, 15 (12%) had cervical fusion without preoperative halo device application. This group included eight patients with old injuries and delayed diagnosis, three with nonreducible locked facets, and four with miscellaneous indications. The remaining 109 patients were treated with halo vests. Four died before completing the 3-month standard treatment. Of those completing the treatment, 48 had C1-2 level injuries and 57 had C3-T1 level injuries. Sixteen patients (15%) failed their halo treatments and required surgical fusion: eight while still in halo fixation and eight after they had completed treatment with a halo device. Failure of halo treatment was indicated by recurrent dislocation in 13 patients and increased neurological deficit in three. Thirteen of the patients who failed treatment had C3-T1 injuries and three had C1-2 injuries. Of 27 patients with odontoid fractures, only two (7.4%) failed halo fixation. There were no failures in 11 patients with hangman's fractures. Of the 57 patients with C3-T1 injuries, 13 (23%) failed treatment, nine of whom had locked or "perched" facets. The factors causing failure of halo fixation were analyzed. The overall success rate was 85%, suggesting that the halo vest can be used to treat most patients with cervical spine injuries. Under certain circumstances (in the presence of old injuries, difficult reduction, or locked or "perched" facets), surgery may be indicated to avoid unnecessary delay in definitive management.     

Gene–gene interactions in IL23/Th17 pathway contribute to psoriasis susceptibility in Chinese Han population

Background Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. IL23/Th17 is a newly confirmed pathway in psoriasis. Objective To investigate the gene–gene interactions in IL23/Th17 pathway underlying psoriasis. Methods A total of 299 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms from 11 genes in IL23/Th17 pathway were genotyped on 1139 patients with psoriasis and 1694 controls. Multifactor dimensionality reduction and logistic regression algorithms were applied to explore the gene–gene interactions. Results We found that there were a three‐way interaction among IL21, CCR4 and TNF(χ² = 5.02(1), P = 0.025) and three pair‐wise gene–gene interactions between IL12RB1 and CCR4(χ² = 11.66(4), P = 0.0201), IL22 and CCR4 (χ² = 11.97(4), P = 0.0176), IL12RB1 and IL6 (χ² = 7.31(1), P = 0.0069) in psoriasis. Conclusions Our results might be helpful for explaining the missing heritability of the psoriasis due to epistasis and provide a deep insight into the important role of the IL23/Th17 pathway in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.     

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy in diseases of the chest

This paper presents the results of ultrasonically guided percutaneous fine needle biopsy in 85 cases with suspected space-occupying lesions of the lung, pleura and mediastinum. The results was positive in 97.6% (83/85), and the accurate diagnostic rate 98.8% (82/83). The incidence of pneumothorax was only 2.4%. The authors believe that this method has the advantages of being simple and easy in operation with high diagnostic rate and few complications.     

亮蓝光成像与联动成像在早期食管癌内镜诊断中的应用价值

目的　评价亮蓝光成像（blue light imaging?bright,BLI?bright）和联动成像（linked color imaging,LCI）用于早期食管癌内镜诊断中的临床价值。方法　采用回顾性队列研究,以2018年5月—2020年8月在福建中医药大学附属福鼎医院行内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）治疗,术前使用了蓝激光胃镜3种模式［BLI?bright、LCI和白光成像（white light imaging,WLI）］进行详细检查,且ESD术后病理证实为早期食管癌的63例连续病例作为观察对象。主观可视性分析由6名内镜医师完成,按年资分成高年资组和低年资组,每组各3名,主要观察指标为可视性评分（ranking score,RS）。客观色差分析主要比较3种模式下早期食管癌癌灶与周边黏膜的总色差（ΔE）,色差采用国际照明委员会的1976 L*a*b*系统。结果　6名研究者的RS总体评分WLI模式下为（2.57±0.81）分,明显低于LCI模式下的（3.25±0.67）分（t=9.71,P<0.001）和BLI?bright模式下的（3.18±0.67）分（t=9.31,P<0.001）。亚组分析发现：高年资组的RS评分WLI模式下为（2.71±0.80）分,明显低于LCI模式下的（3.33±0.66）分（t=7.16,P<0.001）和BLI?bright模式下的（3.42±0.62）分（t=8.09,P<0.001）;低年资组的RS评分WLI模式下为（2.40±0.90）分,亦明显低于LCI模式下的（3.15±0.83）分（t=9.62,P<0.001）和BLI?bright模式下的（2.89±0.92）分（t=5.69,P<0.001）,且LCI模式下评分还明显高于BLI?bright模式（t=4.07,P<0.001）。WLI模式下早期食管癌癌灶与周边黏膜的ΔE为11.52±3.40,明显低于LCI模式下的16.64±4.70（t=7.10,P<0.001）和BLI?bright模式下的15.72±3.84（t=7.88,P<0.001）。结论　与WLI模式相比,应用BLI?bright模式和LCI模式都能增加早期食管癌癌灶与周边黏膜的色差,提高早期食管癌可视性。其中,LCI模式更有利于低年资内镜医师检出早期食管癌。     

基于腹腔镜超声的纹理分析鉴别诊断肾透明细胞癌和非透明细胞癌的价值初探

目的 探讨基于腹腔镜超声图像的纹理分析在鉴别诊断肾透明细胞癌与非透明细胞癌中的价值.方法 回顾性分析我院经病理证实的83例肾细胞癌患者的腹腔镜超声检查资料,其中肾透明细胞癌66例,非透明细胞癌17例.在腹腔镜二维超声图像上通过ITK-SNAP软件手工勾画感兴趣区,采用Pyradiomics工具包提取纹理特征.使用组内相关系数选择具有良好稳定性和可重复性的特征;使用最大相关最小冗余(mRMR)和最小绝对收缩和选择算子(LASSO)回归进行特征选择并构建预测模型;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析该预测模型的诊断效能.结果 基于6个纹理特征构建的预测模型为:Y=-1.452+0.329×wavelet.LL glszm SmallAreaLowGrayLevelEmphasis-0.187×wavelet.LH firstorder Mean-0.209×wavelet.HH glszm SmallAreaLowGrayLevelEmphasis-0.107×original gldm DependenceVariance+0.351×wavelet.LH glrlm RunEntropy+0.058×wavelet.HH glszm ZonePercentage.该模型鉴别肾透明细胞癌与非透明细胞癌的ROC曲线下面积、敏感性、特异性和准确率及其对应的95例可信区间分别为0.860(0.771～0.945)、0.765(0.529～0.941)、0.864(0.788～0.939)、0.843(0.747～0.914).结论 基于腹腔镜超声图像的纹理分析可以准确鉴别肾透明细胞癌与非透明细胞癌.     

胃康复冲剂对胃癌前病变脾虚证胃粘膜超微结构的影响

目的：观察胃康复冲剂对胃粘膜组织超微结构的影响。方法：应用胃康复冲剂治疗６１例脾虚证胃粘膜肠上皮化生（ＩＭ）和不典型增生（ＡＴＰ）患者，治疗前后均作胃镜检查，取胃窦部粘膜作组织病理和超微结构检查。结果：脾气虚证与脾阳虚证病理疗效优于脾阴虚证和脾虚气滞证（Ｐ〈０．０５，Ｐ〈０．０１）；４组脾虚证胃窦部病灶区组织病理、肠化生亚型和非病灶区粘膜超微结构 的“背景病变”，在治疗后均有改善，趋向接近于健康对     

交叉边缘跨学科科技期刊的评价及归类

介绍了医学F1000因子的概念和计算公式,选取医学F1000网站部分文献,通过其F1000因子与其所在期刊影响因子的比较,发现医学F1000与影响因子在评价对象、评价方法、组织文献方法等方面的不同,建议在评价文献质量时应综合应用这两项指标。     

在体骨髓原位造血细胞间纳米通道的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)证据

 目的  探讨在体骨髓细胞之间是否存在细胞间纳米通道(intercellular nanotubes)。方法  利用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)在体原位观察C57BL/6小鼠骨髓中细胞间纳米通道的分布、形态以及可能的形成机制。结果  骨髓造血细胞之间存在纳米通道结构。SEM显示该结构在骨髓组织中散在分布,位于骨髓内血窦内、外侧。骨髓造血细胞间纳米通道的管径粗细不均,平均长度为5.85 μm (1.58~18.54 μm),平均直径为364 nm (202~541 nm),还可见一些小颗粒状物质黏附在纳米通道表面。此外,小鼠骨髓造血细胞可能通过伸出突起的形式形成细胞间纳米通道。结论  本研究首次为小鼠骨髓造血细胞之间存在细胞间纳米通道提供了形态学证据。     

NDV7793体外激活的小鼠单核巨噬细胞(MΦ)对小鼠肝癌细胞的杀伤作用及其机制

 目的
初步研究NDV7793激活的小鼠单核巨噬细胞（MΦ）对小鼠肝癌Novikoff细胞的杀伤作用,并探讨其杀伤机制与TNF-
α和TRAIL的关系。 方法从腹腔分离6周龄BALB/C小鼠MΦ, 用NDV7793于体外刺激小鼠MΦ,以ELISA分别测定
NDV7793刺激小鼠MΦ后产生的TNF-α及TRAIL水平;NDV7793体外刺激MΦ后,与小鼠肝癌Novikoff细胞混合培养,
以LDH微量释放法测定小鼠MΦ对小鼠肝癌Novikoff细胞的杀伤效应。同时设立3组实验对照组：IFN-β阳性对照组
、紫外线灭活NDV（UV-NDV）对照组以及空白对照组。 结果与3个对照组相比,NDV7793在体外能提高MΦ分泌TNF-
α、TRAIL的水平;NDV体外刺激后的小鼠MΦ能杀伤小鼠肝癌Novikoff细胞。结论NDV7793在体外能激活小鼠MΦ,
小鼠MΦ被NDV7793刺激后,对小鼠肝癌Novikoff细胞的杀伤作用增强,NDV激活后的小鼠MΦ对小鼠肝癌Novikoff细
胞的杀伤机制可能与TNF-α和TRAIL有关。