职业人群不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用

目的 探索不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系,以及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用,为预防高尿酸血症提供理论依据。方法 采用横断面调查研究设计,基于2021年10-12月来自四川省、贵州省28个地级市和重庆市33个区（县）中国铁路成都局集团有限公司的西南职业人群队列基线数据,通过问卷调查、体格测量及实验室生化检测收集研究对象的人口学特征、行为生活方式、慢性非传染性疾病患病情况。不健康行为生活方式得分根据吸烟、饮酒、膳食模式、体力活动和低体重/超重状况进行评分,分值越高不健康行为生活方式越多。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不健康行为生活方式评分、吸烟状况、饮酒状况等与高尿酸血症的关系,采用分层分析探索高血压等疾病对不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症之间关系的修饰效应。结果 共纳入11 748名研究对象,高尿酸血症患病率为34.4%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,现在吸/既往吸烟、现在饮/既往饮酒及BMI异常是高尿酸血症患病的危险因素,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险呈现累积效应,随着得分的升高,高尿酸血症患病风险升高,OR值由1.64（95%CI：1.34~2.00）上升至2.89（95%CI：2.39~3.50）。分层分析结果显示,在高血压及血脂异常人群中,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险影响更大。结论 多种不健康行为生活方式的共存会升高高尿酸血症患病风险,这一效应在高血压、血脂异常人群中更明显。及时纠正不健康行为生活方式,并控制高血压和血脂异常,降低患高尿酸血症的风险。     

A novel cytoplasmic protein with RNA-binding motifs is an autoantigen in human hepatocellular carcinoma

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), autoantibodies to intracellular antigens are detected in 30-40% of patients. Patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis develop HCC, and when this occurs, some patients exhibit autoantibodies of new specificities. It has been suggested that these novel autoantibody responses may be immune system reactions to proteins involved in transformation-associated cellular events. One HCC serum shown to contain antibodies to unidentified cellular antigens was used to immunoscreen a cDNA expression library, and a full length cDNA clone was isolated with an open reading frame encoding 556 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 62 kD. The 62-kD protein contained two types of RNA-binding motifs, the consensus sequence RNA-binding domain (CS-RBD) and four hnRNP K homology (KH) domains. This protein, provisionally called p62, has close identity (66-70%) to three other proteins at the amino acid sequence level, and all four proteins may belong to a family having CS-RBD in the NH2-terminal region and four KH domains in the mid-to-COOH- terminal region. The homologous proteins are: KH domain-containing protein overexpressed in cancer (Koc); zipcode binding protein, a protein which binds to a conserved nucleotide element in chicken beta-actin mRNA (ZBP1); and a protein which binds to a promoter cis element in Xenopus laevis TFIIIA gene (B3). p62 protein is cytoplasmic in location, and autoantibodies were found in 21% of a cohort of HCC patients. Patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, conditions which are frequent precursors to HCC, were negative for these autoantibodies, suggesting that the immune response might be related to cellular events leading to transformation. However, the possible involvement of p62 autoantigen as a factor in the transformation process remains to be elucidated.     

电热手术刀在妇产科手术中的应用

目的：观察新型电热手术刀在妇产科手术中的应用效果。方法：对６５ 例需手术的妇产科病人,用新型电热手术刀做手术,与同期用普通手术刀（２５ 例） 和高频电刀（２０ 例） 做手术进行比较。结果：电热手术刀可在锋利切割组织的同时快速止血,止血作用类似于高频电刀;和普通手术刀相比,电热手术刀能明显减少出血量,加快手术速度,且无脂肪液化,无刀片粘连,切口愈合良好,热损伤轻微。结论：电热手术刀结合了普通手术刀和高频电刀的优点,适合在妇产科手术中推广使用。     

急性白血病化疗后外周血粒/单祖细胞的扩增作用

采用单层琼脂体外细胞培养法,对32例急性非淋巴细胞白血病患者在完全缓解后1~3周时外周血粒／单祖细胞（CFU－GM）的动态变化情况进行了比较观察。患者分4组,分别采用DA（柔红霉素、阿糖胞苷）、HA（三尖杉酯碱、阿糖胞苷）、AA（阿克拉霉素、阿糖胞苷）、MA（米托蒽醌、阿糖胞苷）4种不同化疗方案治疗。结果表明：4种化疗方案对外周血干细胞（PBSC）均具有一定的扩增作用。外周血CFU－GM产率的高峰时间为诱导化疗达到完全缓解后2~3周时,高峰出现平均为16．5d,是采集PBSC的最佳时机。不同化疗方案对CFU－GM的扩增效果有一定的差异。本研究结果显示DA方案的扩增作用显著高于其它方案。     

Neurophysiology of Cancer Pain: From the Laboratory to the Clinic

Pain is one of the most distressing symptoms associated with cancer. Basic science research has provided much insight into the mechanisms of peripheral and central pain and the actions of new drugs. Despite these advances, pain accompanying malignancy can be difficult to treat. Pain most commonly presents when the tumor has invaded somatic,visceral, or neural structures. An understanding of pain mechanisms is essential when deciding on the appropriate treatment. New therapeutic options have been developed and will hopefully provide clinicians with tools to successfully alleviate cancer pain.     

The eyes of transforming growth factor-sZ1 (TGF-sZ1) transgenic mice Morphology and the development of endotoxin-induced uveitis

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFsZ) is a potent regulator of cellular growth and immune function. The authors studied ocular histology and endotoxin-induced uveitis in a TGF-sZ(1) transgenic (Tg) murine model. TGF-sZ(1) Tg mice were generated by micro injecting a gene constructed by fusing the mouse albumin enhancer/promoter and porcine TGF-sZ(1) cDNA. The eyes of Tg mice from two to 14 weeks of age were studied histologically. Tg mice, two to five weeks of age exhibited mild fragmentation of the lens fibers and retinal edema. No pathology was found from six to ten weeks of age, however, a progressive increased frequency of cataract was observed from 11 to 14 weeks of age. Plasma TGF-sZ(1) levels were much higher in Tg mice than age-matched wild type control littermates (wt). Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in six-to eight-week-old Tg and wt mice was induced by footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mice were euthanized 24 hr after LPS injection, the eyes were collected for histology and serum assayed for IL-6 and TGF-sZ(1). There was a decrease in the mean numbers of infiltrating cells in Tg mice compared to wt mice. Serum IL-6 and TGF-sZ(1) were much higher in Tg mice. The authors concluded that expression of the TGF-sZ(1) transgene in the eyes may have effect on lens growth. Overexpression of TGF-sZ(1) results in little or no effect on the development of EIU.     

HPLC法测定拉呋替丁及其片剂的含量

目的　建立拉呋替丁及其片剂的高效液相色谱含量测定法。方法　以Shim packODSC18为色谱柱 ,甲醇 0 2mol·L 1醋酸胺溶液 三乙胺 (70∶30∶0 1)为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 75nm。结果　线性系数r =0 9998,平均回收率为 99 6 % (RSD =1 5 % ,n =9)。结论　本方法简便、快速、准确 ,可用于拉呋替丁及其片剂的质量控制。     

超声心动图对儿童完全性肺静脉异位引流诊断价值的探讨

目的　旨在评价超声心动图对完全性肺静脉异位引流 (TAPVD)的诊断价值。方法　对 1987年 9月至2 0 0 2年 11月收治的TAPVD患儿 70例进行分析。均有完整的临床及超声心动图资料 ,其中 35例施行了手术治疗。结果　 70例TAPVD的解剖分型为 :心内型 5 2例、心上型 16例、心下型 2例 ,未发现混合型。 35例施行手术 ,32例与术前超声心动图的诊断一致 ;3例与超声心动图诊断不完全一致 ,其超声心动图诊断分别为 :三房心伴继发孔房缺、左房隔膜伴继发孔房缺、原发孔房缺伴卵圆孔未闭 ,而手术结果均显示为心内型TAPVD伴继发孔房缺。结论　超声心动图检查是诊断TAPVD重要且准确的方法 ,并能确定其分型 ,提供精确的解剖及血流动力学资料。在应用超声心动图诊断TAPVD时 ,应注意与三房心、左房隔膜等疾病进行鉴别。     

Compromised kidney graft rejection response in Vervet monkeys after withdrawal of immunosuppressants tacrolimus and sirolimus

BACKGROUND: In nonprimates, organ allografts are often not rejected after withdrawal of immunosuppression. In this study, we examined whether such a phenomenon also occurs in primates. METHODS: Vervet monkeys were transplanted with renal allografts and treated for 60 days with tacrolimus, or tacrolimus plus sirolimus. The drugs were totally withdrawn on day 61. The survival of the monkeys was monitored, and their response to donor- or third party-derived alloantigens was examined in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: The majority (80-100%) of the grafts survived for at least additional 30 days with no signs of acute rejection. The compromised rejection is donor-specific, because recipient monkeys failed to reject a donor-derived skin graft, but a third-party skin graft was rejected. In vitro mixed lymphocyte reaction and interleukin-2 production in the mixed lymphocyte reaction between the recipients and their donors or between the recipients and a third party had no discernable patterns, and thus did not reflect the in vivo status of the immune system. Although the recipients could not reject the graft acutely after drug withdrawal, the kidney grafts and the donor-derived skin grafts had pathological findings of chronic rejection. CONCLUSIONS: The rejection response of the monkeys to an established graft after withdrawal of immunosuppression is compromised. The compromised rejection is specific and is not due to a permanent alteration of the immune system by the initial drug treatment. The allografts are not inert but have low levels of interaction with the recipient immune system.