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101.
Virginia Alonso Hortale Carlos Otávio Fiúza Moreira Rosany Bochner Maria do Carmo Leal 《Revista de saúde pública》2014,48(1):1-9
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the career path and professional satisfaction of alumni from the doctorate degree programs in health sector.METHODS
Exploratory study with 827 alumni of doctoral programs in public health, biological and health sciences at the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , RJ, Southeastern Brazil, from1984 to 2007. The subjects were grouped in three cross-temporal cohorts according to year. The profiles of the alumni were analyzed, their career paths mapped and information on the perceptions of the education they received and the reasons that led them to choose the institute for their doctoral courses gathered, as well as their evaluations of the courses. The data were collected by means of an online questionnaire.RESULTS
There are differences between cohorts of alumni related to the periods they followed the courses, their distinct educational backgrounds and labor processes between those from the biological and health sciences areas, and to the specificities of the different areas where the institution offers doctoral courses: public health, biological and health sciences.CONCLUSIONS
The results allow the academic management of the educational processes to expend its knowledge, thus establishing a baseline for tracking the trajectory of alumni, and may contribute to upgrading the follow up process of Brazilian graduate programs. 相似文献102.
Rickettsial agents are some of the most lethal pathogens known to man. Among them, Rickettsia prowazekii is a select agent with potential use for bioterrorism; yet, there is no anti-Rickettsia vaccine commercially available. Owing to the obligate intracellular lifestyle of rickettsiae, CD8+ T cells are indispensable for protective cellular immunity. Furthermore, T cells can mediate cross-protective immunity between different pathogenic Rickettsia, a finding consistent with the remarkable similarity among rickettsial genomes. However, Rickettsia T cell antigens remain unidentified. In the present study, we report an algorithm that allowed us to identify and validate four novel R. prowazekii vaccine antigen candidates recognized by CD8+ T cells from a set of twelve in silico-defined protein targets. Our results highlight the importance of combining proteasome-processing as well as MHC class-I-binding predictions. The novel rickettsial vaccine candidate antigens, RP778, RP739, RP598, and RP403, protected mice against a lethal challenge with Rickettsia typhi, which is indicative of cross-protective immunity within the typhus group rickettsiae. Together, our findings validate a reverse vaccinology approach as a viable strategy to identify protective rickettsial antigens and highlight the feasibility of a subunit vaccine that triggers T-cell-mediated cross-protection among diverse rickettsiae. 相似文献
103.
Erika Caro-Gomez Michal Gazi Maria A. Cespedes Yenny Goez Bruno Teixeira Gustavo Valbuena 《Vaccine》2014
The obligately intracellular bacteria Rickettsia infect endothelial cells and cause systemic febrile diseases that are potentially lethal. No vaccines are currently available and current knowledge of the effective immune response is limited. Natural and experimental rickettsial infections provide strong and cross-protective cellular immunity if the infected individual survives the acute infection. Although resistance to rickettsial infections is attributed to the induction of antigen-specific T cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, the identification and validation of correlates of protective cellular immunity against rickettsial infections, an important step toward vaccine validation, remains a gap in this field. Here, we show that after a primary challenge with Rickettsia typhi in the C3H mouse model, the peak of anti-Rickettsia CD8+ T cell-mediated responses occurs 7 days post-infection (dpi), which coincides with the beginning of rickettsial clearance. At this time point, both effector-type and memory-type CD8+ T cells are present, suggesting that 7 dpi is a valid time point for the assessment of CD8+ T cell responses of mice previously immunized with protective antigens. Based on our results, we suggest four correlates of cellular protection for the assessment of protective rickettsial antigens: (1) production of IFN-γ by antigen-experienced CD3+CD8+CD44high cells, (2) production of Granzyme B by CD27lowCD43low antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells, (3) generation of memory-type CD8+ T cells [Memory Precursor Effector Cells (MPECs), as well as CD127highCD43low, and CD27highCD43low CD8+ T cells], and (4) generation of effector-like memory CD8+ T cells (CD27lowCD43low). We propose that these correlates could be useful for the general assessment of the quality of the CD8+ T cell immune response induced by novel antigens with potential use in a vaccine against Rickettsia. 相似文献
104.
C.O. Francisco A.M. Catai S.C.G. Moura-Tonello S.L.B. Lopes B.G. Benze A.M. Del Vale A.M.O. Leal 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2014,47(5):426-431
The objective of this study was to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness and pulmonary
function and the relationship with metabolic variables and C-reactive protein (CRP)
plasma levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Nineteen men with diabetes
and 19 age- and gender-matched control subjects were studied. All individuals were
given incremental cardiopulmonary exercise and pulmonary function tests. In the
exercise test, maximal workload (158.3±22.3 vs 135.1±25.2, P=0.005),
peak heart rate (HRpeak: 149±12 vs 139±10, P=0.009), peak
oxygen uptake (VO2peak: 24.2±3.2 vs 18.9±2.8,
P<0.001), and anaerobic threshold (VO2VT: 14.1±3.4 vs
12.2±2.2, P=0.04) were significantly lower in individuals with diabetes than in
control subjects. Pulmonary function test parameters, blood pressure, lipid profile
(triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol), and CRP plasma levels were not
different in control subjects and individuals with DM. No correlations were observed
between hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), CRP and pulmonary function test and cardiopulmonary
exercise test performance. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that nonsmoking
individuals with DM have decreased cardiorespiratory fitness that is not correlated
with resting pulmonary function parameters, HbA1c, and CRP plasma levels. 相似文献
105.
106.
Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva Liliane Sá Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna Aline A. Neves Thais Accorsi-Mendonça Victor T.L. Vieira Gustavo De-Deus Edson J. Moreira 《Journal of endodontics》2014
Introduction
This study was designed to quantitatively evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris by comparing the ProTaper Universal Retreatment system (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) with 2 reciprocating single-file systems (Reciproc [VDW, Munich, Germany] and WaveOne [Dentsply Maillefer]) during endodontic retreatment.Methods
Forty-five mandibular premolars with a single canal were prepared with the ProTaper Universal system and then obturated. The specimens were divided into 3 groups (n = 15) according to the system used for filling removal: ProTaper Universal Retreatment system associated with the ProTaper Universal system (until file F4 40/0.06]), Reciproc system (Reciproc R40 [40/0.06]), and WaveOne system (WaveOne Large [40/0.08]). Sodium hypochlorite was used as an irrigant, and the apically extruded debris was collected in glass vials and then dried. The mean weight of debris was assessed with a microbalance and statistically analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey multiple comparison tests (P < .05).Results
The ProTaper Universal Retreatment system produced significantly more debris compared with the Reciproc and WaveOne systems (P < .01). The reciprocating systems showed no significant difference between them (P > .05).Conclusions
Under the conditions of the present study, all systems caused apical debris extrusion. Reciprocating systems were associated with less debris extrusion when compared with a conventional rotary retreatment system. 相似文献107.
Rodrigo Guedes de Amorim Soraya Coelho Leal Jan Mulder Nico H. J. Creugers Jo E. Frencken 《Clinical oral investigations》2014,18(1):117-124
Objectives
The aims of this study were to compare 2-year cumulative survival rates of amalgam and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) restorations in primary molars and to investigate the determinants of the survival rate of restorations.Materials and methods
A controlled clinical trial using a parallel group design was carried out on 258 children aged 6–7 years old, allocated to two treatment groups: conventional restorative treatment using amalgam and ART using high-viscosity glass ionomer. A total of 364 amalgam restorations and 386 ART restorations were placed by three pedodontists in 126 and 158 children, respectively, and were evaluated after 0.5, 1, and 2 years. Restorations were placed in vital primary molars with neither pain nor signs of pulp involvement. The survival analysis was conducted using the proportional hazard rate regression model with frailty correction.Results
The 2-year cumulative survival rates for all amalgam (77.3 %) and ART (73.5 %) restorations were not statistically significantly different, but there was an effect of “type of surface” (single/multiple) and “cavity filling time” on the survival rates. Both amalgam and ART single-surface restorations had higher survival rates than multiple-surface restorations of the same material. Secondary caries was responsible for 36 and 38 % of failures in amalgam and ART restorations, respectively. Mean time for restoring all type of cavities with amalgam and ART restorations was 13.6 and 13.7 min, respectively.Conclusions
Amalgam and ART restorations presented similar survival rates over a 2-year period for all, single-surface, and multiple-surface restorations.Clinical relevance
In the cause of finding alternatives to amalgam, ART restorations using high-viscosity glass ionomer might be a suitable option for managing cavitated dentine carious lesions in vital primary molars. 相似文献108.
Samantha A. Chalmers Rajalakshmy Ayilam Ramachandran Sayra J. Garcia Evan Der Leal Herlitz Jeanette Ampudia Dalena Chu Nicole Jordan Ting Zhang Ioannis Parodis Iva Gunnarsson Huihua Ding Nan Shen Michelle Petri Chi Chiu Mok Ramesh Saxena Krishna R. Polu Stephen Connelly Cherie T. Ng Chandra Mohan Chaim Putterman 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2022,132(1)
T cells are central to the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN), a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CD6 and its ligand, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), are involved in T cell activation and trafficking. Previously, we showed that soluble ALCAM is increased in urine (uALCAM) of patients with LN, suggesting that this pathway contributes to disease. To investigate, uALCAM was examined in 1038 patients with SLE and LN from 5 ethnically diverse cohorts; CD6 and ALCAM expression was assessed in LN kidney cells; and disease contribution was tested via antibody blockade of CD6 in murine models of SLE and acute glomerulonephritis. Extended cohort analysis offered resounding validation of uALCAM as a biomarker that distinguishes active renal involvement in SLE, irrespective of ethnicity. ALCAM was expressed by renal structural cells whereas CD6 expression was exclusive to T cells, with elevated numbers of CD6+ and ALCAM+ cells in patients with LN. CD6 blockade in models of spontaneous lupus and immune-complex glomerulonephritis revealed significant decreases in immune cells, inflammatory markers, and disease measures. Our data demonstrate the contribution of the CD6/ALCAM pathway to LN and SLE, supporting its use as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target. 相似文献
109.
John Lennon Silva-Cunha Israel Leal Cavalcante Caio Csar da Silva Barros Fernanda Arago Felix Luan Borges Venturi Larissa Santos Amaral Rolim Csar Luis Porpino Santos da Silva-Júnior Emanuel Mendes Sousa ricka Janine Dantas da Silveira Michelle Agostini Mrio Jos Romanach Oslei Paes de Almeida Sílvia Ferreira de Sousa Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade 《Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal》2022,27(1):e35
110.
Leal Rato Miguel Nunes Vicente Beatriz da Cunha Maria Ribeiro Marques Tiago Aguiar de Sousa Diana Canhão Patrícia 《Journal of neurovirology》2020,26(5):805-807
Journal of NeuroVirology - Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is a very rare cause of central nervous system (CNS) infections. We report a case of a young woman with a left middle cerebral artery (MCA)... 相似文献