Mortality study of nickel platers with special reference to cancers of the stomach and lung, 1945-93.

OBJECTIVES: To re-examine mortality patterns in a cohort of nickel platers with no history of chromium plating. METHODS: All 284 men first employed by the company in 1945-75 with a minimum employment of three months in the nickel plating department were identified. Workers who had worked in the chromium plating or nickel/chromium plating departments were excluded. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), P values, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Poisson regression was used to carry out statistical modelling of mortalities within the cohort (internal standard). Four variables were considered to have the potential to influence mortality within the cohort: attained age (age at follow up or age at death), year of starting nickel work, period of follow up (measured from the first period of work with nickel exposure), and duration of exposure to nickel. RESULTS: The only significant difference between observed and expected numbers, when investigated by site of cancer and by broad non-cancer groupings, was that for stomach cancer (observed eight, expected 2.49, SMR 322). CONCLUSIONS: The study provides only weak evidence that nickel plating is associated with an excess risk of stomach cancer. This cohort of nickel platers does not seem to have experienced any discernible risk of occupational lung cancer. Other studies of nickel platers rather than nickel/chromium platers would be useful.     

双媒介间接电解氧化法合成醋酸可的松

在相转移试剂（Ｂｕ_４Ｎ~＋）存在下，以Ａｇ~＋／Ａｇ~（２＋）－Ｃｒ~（３＋）／Ｃｒ_２Ｏ_７~（２－）为双媒介，间接电解氧化表氢可的松醋酸酯生成醋酸可的松，化学收率为９４．３％，电流效率为７６．５％，同时阳极电解液可重复使用。     

大鼠骶髓后连合核神经元的分离

To isolate rat sacral dorsal commissural neurons (SDCN). METHODS: Using enzymatic and mechanical dissociation techniques to isolate the neurons and using nystatin perforated patch technique to evaluate their functional state. RESULTS: The isolated neurons exhibited good responses to excitatory and inhibitory amino acids. The responses of SDCN to N-methyl-D-aspartate were markedly potentiated by substance P and trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate, whereas GABA responses were significantly potentiated by diazepam, pregnenolone, and pentobarbital. CONCLUSION: This preparation provides a satisfactory model for exploring the mechanisms of the SDCN in nociception and antinociception.     

急性结膜炎病人的中西医结合治疗及护理

性结膜炎俗称红眼病 ,是一种急性传染性眼炎。根据不同的致病原因 ,可分为细菌性结膜炎和病毒性结膜炎两类[1] 。其临床症状相似 ,但流行程度和危害性以病毒性结膜炎为重。本病全年均可发病 ,以春夏季节多见。急性结膜炎通过接触传染 ,发病急 ,一般在感染细菌或病毒 1d或 2d内开始发病 ,且多数为双眼发病 ,传染性强。近年来 ,随着医疗卫生知识的广泛普及 ,人们已逐步养成了良好的卫生习惯 ,使急性结膜炎很少造成大范围流行。但仍然是眼科的常见病。我科采用中西医结合的方法 ,治疗急性结膜炎 2 0 0例 ,取得了满意的疗效。现报告如下。1　一…     

Control of calcium channels in neuroblastoma cells (N1E-115)

Neuroblastoma cells (N1E-115) were used as models of transient (T) and long-lasting (L) Ca++ channels. The whole cell version of the patch clamp technique was used to measure inward Ca++ currents, and the fluorescent indicator, Fura-2, was used to measure changes in intracellular Ca++. Cells were cultured and selected during recording so that predominantly T or L channel currents were measured. T channel currents did not respond to dihydropyridine or parathyroid hormone, whereas L channel currents did. BAY-K-8644 increased and nifedipine decreased L channel currents. After a 15 mM KCl challenge, cells with predominantly T channels responded with a transient change in intracellular Ca++, while cells with predominantly L channels showed a sustained response. PTH inhibited the increase in intracellular Ca++ in cells with L channels, but not in those with T channels. PTH may be an example of an endogenous calcium channel blocker, at least in neuroblastoma cells.     

Towards efficient registration of medical images.

In this paper we propose a Bayesian based mutual information technique for image registration, combined with an established affine transformation model. Classical affine models allow the images to be approximately aligned. However, inefficiency and inaccuracy has appeared when using these affine models in rigorous circumstances, such as low-resolution images. To challenge this problem, we conduct mutual information measures with importance sampling to the images in an attempt to simulate the probability distribution of intensity similarity across the images. The entire registration adopts a stopping criterion as discovered in the context of differential equations. Finally, experimental results demonstrate the favorable performance of the proposed algorithm.     

椎间融合器治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱症

目的 观察Cage椎间融合器治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱症的近期疗效。方法 应用Cage椎间融合器治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱症41例，按Meyerding分度，Ⅰ度滑脱25例，Ⅱ度滑脱16例。经前路31例，经后路10例。仅置入1个Cage6例，其中前路4例，后路2例；其余均置入2个Cage。结果 手术前后X线片测量，见病椎有69％～100％(平均83％)的复位，其中15例完全复位。其中32例术后获得10～36个月、平均17个月随访，全部骨性融合，26例症状完全消失，优良率为81．3％。结论 Ⅰ～Ⅱ度的腰椎滑脱症均可应用Cage椎间融合器治疗。     

Discriminating the effects of triazolam on stimulus and response processing by means of reaction time and P300 latency

The benzodiazepines slow information processing and the sites of this slowing were mapped using the Additive Factors Method in combination with the P300 component of the event-related brain potential. It was assumed that P300 largely reflects the time to evaluate a stimulus while reaction time (RT) reflects this time plus the time to select and execute a response. Twelve subjects were administered 0.25 mg triazolam in a repeated measures single-blind design. A visual 80–20% oddball task was used in which stimulus intensity and signal quality were manipulated with accuracy of responding held constant at a high level. RT and EEG data were collected simultaneously and the P300 elicited by the low probability stimuli was measured on a single trial basis. Triazolam slowed RT (172 ms,P<0.0003) more than P300 (88 ms,P<0.0007), but both measures exhibited a drug × stimulus intensity interaction. RT also exhibited a drug × signal quality interaction but P300 did not. These results suggest that triazolam has selective effects on perceptual processing by slowing an early preprocessing stage but not a later feature extraction stage. In addition, the drug appears to slow some aspect of response processing. This evidence is taken as support for a multiple process rather than a general sedation view of benzodiazepine effects on stages of processing.