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71.
Noda Y Niwa S Homma N Fukuda H Imajo-Ohmi S Hirokawa N 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(5):1725-1730
Neuronal morphology is regulated by cytoskeletons. Kinesin superfamily protein 2A (KIF2A) depolymerizes microtubules (MTs) at growth cones and regulates axon pathfinding. The factors controlling KIF2A in neurite development remain totally elusive. Here, using immunoprecipitation with an antibody specific to KIF2A, we identified phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase alpha (PIPKα) as a candidate membrane protein that regulates the activity of KIF2A. Yeast two-hybrid and biochemical assays demonstrated direct binding between KIF2A and PIPKα. Partial colocalization of the clusters of punctate signals for these two molecules was detected by confocal microscopy and photoactivated localization microscopy. Additionally, the MT-depolymerizing activity of KIF2A was enhanced in the presence of PIPKα in vitro and in vivo. PIPKα suppressed the elongation of axon branches in a KIF2A-dependent manner, suggesting a unique PIPK-mediated mechanism controlling MT dynamics in neuronal development. 相似文献
72.
A standardized method for assessing the physical fitness of elderly adults has not yet been established. In this study, we
developed an index of physical fitness age (fitness age score, FAS) for older Japanese adults and investigated sex differences
based on the estimated FAS. Healthy elderly adults (52 men, 70 women) who underwent physical fitness tests once yearly for
7 years between 2002 and 2008 were included in this study. The age of the participants at the beginning of this study ranged
from 60.0 to 83.0 years. The physical fitness tests consisted of 13 items to measure balance, agility, flexibility, muscle
strength, and endurance. Three criteria were used to evaluate fitness markers of aging: (1) significant cross-sectional correlation
with age; (2) significant longitudinal change with age consistent with the cross-sectional correlation; and (3) significant
stability of individual differences. We developed an equation to assess individual FAS values using the first principal component
derived from principal component analysis. Five candidate fitness markers of aging (10-m walking time, functional reach, one
leg stand with eyes open, vertical jump and grip strength) were selected from the 13 physical fitness tests. Individual FAS
was predicted from these five fitness markers using a principal component model. Individual FAS showed high longitudinal stability
for age-related changes. This investigation of the longitudinal changes of individual FAS revealed that women had relatively
lower physical fitness compared with men, but their rate of physical fitness aging was slower than that of men. 相似文献
73.
Hanabata Y Nakajima Y Morita K Kayamori K Omura K 《Odontology / the Society of the Nippon Dental University》2012,100(2):156-163
Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, advanced tumor stage, invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis in malignant tumors. EGFR, therefore, has been an attractive molecular target for chemotherapy. However, the results of clinical studies using inhibitors of its kinase activity have not been promising because the response rates were at most 20%. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1) is a membrane protein that mediates the transport of glucose across cellular membranes. EGFR physically associates with and stabilizes SGLT1 to promote glucose uptake into cancer cells through a kinase-independent process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the coexpression of SGLT1 and EGFR and its relationships with clinicopathological features in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). SGLT1 and EGFR were detected in all OSCC cell lines, and the expression levels of SGLT1 were significantly correlated with those of EGFR. Pearson product?Cmoment correlation coefficient of SGLT1 and EGFR was 0.89 (P?=?0.016). The immunohistochemical study using the surgical specimens in 52 patients with tongue SCC also showed a significant correlation between SGLT1 and EGFR. Moreover, SGLT1/EGFR expression was inversely related to tumor differentiation among the 5 clinicopathological factors (P?=?0.004). SGLT1/EGFR coexpression might be required in the de-differentiation of OSCC, but further study is needed to clarify the implication of these proteins in the manifestation of malignancy and clinical significance. 相似文献
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Megumi Hara Kenji Okada Yuko Yamaguchi Shingo Uno Yasuko Otsuka Chisato Shimanoe Hinako Nanri Mikako Horita Iwata Ozaki Yuichiro Nishida Keitaro Tanaka 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》2013,20(12):1799-1804
The recent increase of pertussis in young adults in Japan is hypothesized to be due in part to waning protection from the acellular pertussis vaccine. While a booster immunization may prevent an epidemic of pertussis among these young adults, little is known about the safety and immunogenicity of such a booster with the diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP), which is currently available in Japan. One hundred and eleven medical students with a mean age of 19.4 years were randomly divided into 2 groups of 55 and 56 subjects and received, respectively, 0.2 or 0.5 ml of DTaP. Immunogenicity was assessed by performing the immunoassay using serum, and the geometric mean concentration (GMC), GMC ratio (GMCR), seropositive rate, and booster response rate were calculated. Adverse reactions and adverse events were monitored for 7 days after vaccination. After booster vaccination in the two groups, significant increases were found in the antibodies against pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, diphtheria toxoid, and tetanus toxoid, and the booster response rates for all subjects reached 100%. The GMCs and GMCRs against all antigens were significantly higher in the 0.5-ml group than in the 0.2-ml group. No serious adverse events were observed. Frequencies of local reactions were similar in the 2 groups, although the frequency of severe local swelling was significantly higher in the 0.5-ml group. These data support the acceptability of booster immunization using both 0.2 and 0.5 ml of DTaP for young adults for controlling pertussis. (This study was registered at UMIN-CTR under registration number UMIN000010672.) 相似文献
79.
Yoshiaki Kamikawa Tomohiro Nagayama Junichi Fujisaki Daisuke Hirabayashi Kiyotsugu Kawasaki Tomofumi Hamada Youichiro Mori Yasuko Kamikawa Hiroshi Mukai Tomoaki Sato Kazumasa Sugihara 《Oral Science International》2013,10(2):87-94
ObjectivesThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-fungal activity of amphotericin B (AMPH-B), flucytosine (5-FC), fluconazole (FLCZ), miconazole (MCZ), itraconazole (ITCZ), and micafungin (MCFG) against clinically isolated Candida strains from oral candidiasis (OC) patients and to collect information useful for the treatment of OC.Subjects and methodsThe study includes 116 strains of Candida isolated from patients. The Candida species were identified by polymerase chain reaction. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each drug against each Candida species was determined.ResultsOf the 106 participants (30 males and 76 females), 57 had OC, including 42 cases of pseudomembranous OC, 11 cases of erythematous OC, 2 cases of hypertrophic OC, and 2 cases of mixed pseudomembranous/erythematous OC. The Candida species isolated were Candida albicans (93 strains), C. glabrata (19 strains), and C. tropicalis (4 strains). AMPH-B and 5-FC had low MIC values against all species of Candida and a low incidence of resistance development. In some species of Candida, FLCZ and ITCZ showed high MICs, but MCZ had a low MIC value. AMPH-B, MCZ, and ITCZ prescribed to OC patients were effective against OC with respect to alleviation of OC symptoms.ConclusionMIC values of anti-fungal drugs against Candida strains isolated from OC patients were obtained and the 3 anti-fungal drugs given to OC patients were found to be effective against OC in spite of differences in their MIC values and in the number of resistant strains (or strains with a high MIC value). 相似文献
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