尿MCV和RDW测定鉴别血尿来源

采用Ｆ－８００血细胞分析仪，分析尿沉渣中的红细胞，结果发现：肾小球性血尿的平均红细胞体积（ＭＣＶ））为５９．１±６．１６ｆｌ，明显低于非肾小球性血尿的ＭＣＶ（９６．４±６．３５ｆｌ）（Ｐ＜０．０１），两组也与健康人运动后血尿的ＭＣＶ（３３．１±５．７８ｆｌ）有显著差别（Ｐ＜０．０１）。认为通过测定血尿ＭＣＶ和红细胞容积分布宽度（ＲＤＷ），可以将肾小球性血尿、非肾小球性血尿、健康人运动后血尿区分开来，为判断血尿来源提供依据。     

适时体位干预及改进体位垫在甲状腺手术病人中的应用探讨

[目的]探讨甲状腺手术中适时进行体位干预并使用改进后的体位垫,对减轻或避免病人术后头痛、腰背痛、呕吐的作用。[方法]将42 0例甲状腺手术病人分成两组,A组2 2 0例,采用普通体位垫及常规手术体位;B组2 0 0例,术中进行体位干预并使用改进后的体位垫,观察两组病人术后头痛、腰背痛、呕吐发生率。[结果]B组头痛、腰背痛、呕吐发生率均明显低于A组(P <0 .0 1)。[结论]甲状腺手术中进行体位干预并使用改进后的体位垫,可避免或减轻病人术后的头痛、腰背痛、呕吐的发生。     

改良综合护理在微创经皮肾穿刺碎石取石术中的应用

目的探讨改良综合护理在微创经皮肾穿刺碎石取石术(minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy,MPCNL)中对病人的影响。方法将60例行MPCNL的病人随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,对照组病人采用常规护理方法,观察组在常规护理基础上进行改良综合护理。比较两组病人手术过程生命体征变化及并发症发生情况。结果观察组病人术中生命体征波动明显轻于对照组,并发症发生率明显减少,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论对MPCNL病人实施改良综合护理,能使病人在手术过程生命体征保持平稳,降低并发症发生率,减轻手术给病人带来的痛苦。     

Protective Role of Taurine Against Morphine-Induced Neurotoxicity in C6 Cells via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress

This study was carried out to investigate the protective role of taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonicacid) against morphine-induced neurotoxicity in C6 cells. It was found that taurine significantly increased the viability of C6 cells treated by morphine, showing the neuroprotective role against morphine-induced neurotoxicity. However, such neuroprotective effect of taurine could not be blocked by bicuculline, an antagonist of gamma-amino butyrate (GABA) receptor. To determine the oxidative damage induced by morphine, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured in C6 cells. The decreased activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx in C6 cells were observed after morphine treatment for 48 h. However, taurine administration effectively ameliorated morphine-induced oxidative insult. To estimate anti-apoptosis effect of taurine, flow cytometry analysis as well as detection for caspase-3 and Bcl-2 expressions was performed after morphine exposure for 48 h. It was found that Bcl-2 expression was down regulated by morphine, whereas taurine could reverse morphine-induced decrease in Bcl-2 expression. Taurine showed no effect on caspase-3 expression. Collectively, the results show that taurine possesses the capability to ameliorate morphine-induced oxidative insult and apoptosis in C6 cells, probably due to its antioxidant activity rather than activation of GABA receptors.     

吉西他滨单药治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效分析

目的观察吉西他滨单药治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及毒副作用。方法老年晚期非小细胞肺癌37例,应用吉西他滨1125mg/m2治疗,2个周期后评价疗效和毒副反应。结果总有效率为24.3%,生活质量改善12例（32.4%）,主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制及消化道反应。结论吉西他滨单药治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效肯定,可明显改善患者生活质量,毒性可耐受。     

二代测序技术检测鼻咽癌相关基因突变与临床病理特征关系分析

目的:以二代测序（NGS）为基础分析鼻咽癌相关基因突变及突变功能区域,探讨突变基因与临床特征之间的关系及临床应用价值。方法:收集2018年2月-2018年11月中南大学湘雅医学院附属肿瘤医院/湖南省肿瘤医院头颈放疗二科28例初治鼻咽癌患者,采用基因测序平台Illumina NextSeqCN500进行全基因测序,描述基因检测结果,统计分析高频突变基因与临床病理特征之间的关系。结果:本研究共检测到93个基因及115个突变功能区域,因部分基因突变频率较低未纳入统计,纳入统计共20个突变基因及14个突变功能区域,其中泛素羧基末端水解酶1（BAP1）和肿瘤抑制因子（CYLD）基因的突变频率均为9.8%（5/51）,肿瘤蛋白p53（TP53）基因突变频率为7.8%（4/51）。结论:Illumina NextSeqCN500测序平台可作为鼻咽癌多基因突变检测手段,BAP1、CYLD及TP53在鼻咽癌中突变频率较高,对深入研究鼻咽癌发病机制及靶向药物治疗方面具有一定的指导意义。     

Suppressive effects of aluminum trichloride on the T lymphocyte immune function of rats

Aluminum (Al) has increasingly been used in the daily life, and could cause the change of human health because it can accumulate in the organs. A rat model was thus used to examine potential effect of Al on the immune function. Forty male Wistar rats (5 weeks old) weighed 110-120 g were randomly allocated into four groups and were orally exposed to 0, 64.18, 128.36, and 256.72 mg/kg body weight aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) in drinking water for 120 days. The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocyte, acid non-specific activity esterase (ANAE+) in blood, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum were determined at the end of experiment. The results showed that the proportions of CD3+, CD4+ T lymphocyte, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+, and the levels of ANAE+, IL-2, and TNF-α were significantly reduced in AlCl3-treated rats, while the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocyte was increased in an AlCl3-dose dependent manner. Our findings indicate that a long term exposure of AlCl3 could suppress the T lymphocyte immune function of rats.     

护理美学在护理工作的应用

目的探讨护理美学在护理工作的意义及对病人康复的影响。方法通过对我院院内环境,病房的温馨设计,护士语言美,操作美,诚信美,形象美等护理美的研究,探讨护理人员与病人以及社会人群三者之间的审美关系,以及由此所产生的护理审美意识、审美评价以及审美教育。结果护理美学对护理工作有重要意义,以及对病人的康复有很大促进作用。结论护理美学是美学与科学相互结合的新科学,应用护理美学原理和护理程序的科学管理方法,达到病区管理的最优化,使病人得到最优质的服务,提高患者康复的速度,提高患者对护理人员的满意度,建立和谐的护患关系,达到最终治疗的目的。     

医院党支部目标管理考评标准化体系研究

通过研究医院党支部目标管理考评项目的内容、项目权重,建立客观、科学的标准化考评体系,促进医院党支部的建设和考评的科学化、规范化和制度化。并形成围绕业务抓党建,抓好党建促业务的工作机制,提高医院的医疗服务水平。     

神经系统动力学数学模型的研究进展

随着人们对大脑研究的进一步深入,诞生了神经系统动力学这一门新兴学科,大脑的数学模型是该学科研究的基础。本文介绍了一系列具有代表性和广阔应用范围的神经元数学模型,并就此展开讨论,对其发展前景作了展望;最后,将其与复杂网络研究相结合,提出了有价值的研究方向。