新型咽鼓管吹张法在儿童分泌性中耳炎的应用

目的探讨新型咽鼓管吹张法对儿童分泌性中耳炎的治疗效果。方法将90例分泌性中耳炎患儿按照随机数字表分为对照组和观察组各45例。观察组采用新型咽鼓管吹张法治疗,对照组采用传统的波氏球咽鼓管吹张法治疗,观察记录治疗3个月后两组患儿声阻抗检测变化及患儿的舒适度。结果治疗3个月后两组患儿的声阻抗检测结果及舒适度比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论新型咽鼓管吹张法能提高患儿操作时的舒适度,增加患儿治疗的信心,提高疾病治疗效果。     

Characters and influential factors of vascular remolding after native arteriovenous fistula

Objective To finding out the characters of vascular remolding after the establishment of native arteriovenous fistula on the wrist, and exploring the influential factors.MethodsDoppler ultrasound was used to monitor the diameter of cephalic vein, brachial artery, radial artery and ulnar artery at the time before the surgery and one day, one week, two weeks, four weeks and eight weeks after the surgery respectively. The tendency of the diameter change was analyzed. ResultsTwenty eight patients completed the whole monitor session, in which eleven were female. The average age of those patients was (53.68 ± 2.61) years old. Twelve of them were diabetic nephropathy. The diameters of all vessel were increased more rapidly at the first day than any other days after surgery(all P＜0.01). The patients were divided into two groups depending on whether diabetic nephropathy. No significant difference was found between the two groups on the tendency of diameter change in cephalic vein and brachial artery (all P ﹥ 0.05). However, the tendency of diameter change in radial artery and ulnar artery was statistically significant difference between the two groups (all P＜0.05). ConclusionsCephalic vein, brachial artery, radial artery and ulnar artery are all apparently dilated on the first day after the surgery. The vascular dilation and diameter increasing become much slower after the period, the diameter tend to be stable. The primary diseases may affect the tendency of the diameter change in radial artery as well as ulnar artery.     

Expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in the BSA-overloaded rats kidney

Objective To observe NLRP3 inflammasome expression and inflammatory cells infiltration in the BSA-overloaded rats kidney, and to investigate the potential mechanism of renal injury induced by proteinuria. Methods After unilateral right nephrectomy, eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: protein overload nephropathy model group (n=10), treated with intraperitoneal injections of bovine serum albumin (BSA); control group (n=8), treated with intraperitoneal injections of 0.9% saline for 9 weeks. Body weigh were measured every week and 24 h urine were collected in 0, 2, 5, 7, 9 week. The plasma levels of blood total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined by automatic analyzers. Renal pathological changes were evaluated by PAS and Masson stains. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18, as well as the types of inflammatory cells. The NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 protein and mRNA levels were also analyzed by Western blot and real-time PCR in two groups. Results It was found that there was a significant increase of proteinuria and BUN in model group compare to that in control group (all P＜0.05). However, there were no significant changes in body weight, TP, Alb and Scr between the two groups. Morphological study demonstrated that renal tubular epithelial cell injury, proteinaceous casts in tubular lumen, accompanying with the dominant macrophages and lymphocytes infiltration in interstitium in model group. The immunohistochemistry showed that there were more T (CD3+), B cells (CD20+) and macrophages (CD68+) in renal interstitium in model group than that in control group (P＜0.05). Tubulointerstitial injury score was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and real-time PCR all showed that the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-18 and IL-1 β were significantly increased compared to those in control group (P＜0.05). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between proteinuria and IL-1β/IL-18 expression (P＜0.05). Conclusion NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved in tubulointerstitial inflammation caused by proteinuria.     

经膈肌下抬挤心脏方法对心脏停搏兔复苏的实验研究

目的 比较标准胸外按压心肺复苏(S-CPR)与经膈肌下心脏按压心肺复苏(D-CPR)对复苏循环效应的影响;评价D-CPR用于CPR的可行性.方法 健康新西兰白兔20只,经呼气末窒息8 min造成心脏停搏(CA)模型.随机分两组,每组10只,分别实施S-CPR和D-CPR;于窒息前平静5 min后开始连续记录升主动脉收缩压(AOS)和舒张压(AOD)、经皮血氧饱和度(Sp02)、右心房收缩压(RASP)和舒张压(RADP)、心电图(ECG)等直至实验结束;计算升主动脉平均动脉压(MAP)、冠状动脉灌注压(CPP);分别观察两组动物的自主循环恢复(ROSC)率及6 h存活率.结果 S-CPR组有5只、D-CPR组有8只动物获得ROSC(ROSC率分别为50%和80%,P=20.05);S-CPR组6 h存活率为40%,D-CPR组为50%.D-CPR组复苏1 rain和5 rain时AOS、AoD、MAP和CPP均高于S-CPR组(P均<0.05);D-CPR组复苏1 rain时MAP、CPP分别是其基础值的54.1%、33.4%.5 min时为60.0%、41.8%,而S-CPR组复苏1 min时AOS、AOD为基础值的37.3%、16.5%,5 min时为38.5%、17.1%#且D-CPR组ROSC后动物血流动力学较S-CPR组变化平稳.结论 D-CPR方法可产生较高的动脉血压和心排血量,并能增加实验动物的ROSC率和短期存活率.D-CPR方法优于S-CPR.     

硅橡胶涤沦丝网颅骨成形片修补颅骨缺损27例报告

介绍硅橡胶涤沦丝网颅骨成形片的临床应用方法,并认为它比传统的有机玻璃及金属修补材料有塑形满意、操作简单、组织反应小且不妨碍脑电、超声、X 钱检查的优点,确是一种较为理想的新型颅骨修补材料。     

以激光扫描共聚焦显微镜三维重建肾小球系膜细胞

为进一步研究肾小球系膜细胞的结构与功能，利用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜对体外培养的人肾小球系膜细胞进行断层扫描及三维重建，并与普通荧光显微镜的图像进行了比较。结果表明，共聚焦显微镜可以清晰地显示系膜细胞的立体形态以及纤维连接蛋白在细胞质内不同层面的分布状况及分布强度，这为从立体结构方面对系膜细胞深入研究提供了一个新的方法。     

One systemic administration of transforming growth factor-beta 1 reverses age- or glucocorticoid-impaired wound healing.

The role of intravenously administered recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta 1 (rhTGF-beta 1) on the healing of incisional wounds in rats with impaired healing due to age or glucocorticoid administration was investigated. The administration of methylprednisolone to young adult rats decreased wound breaking strength to 50% of normal control. Breaking strength of incisional wounds from 19-mo-old rats was decreased approximately 27% compared with wounds from normal healing young adult rats. A single intravenous administration of rhTGF-beta 1 (100 or 500 micrograms/kg) increased wound breaking strength from old rats or young adult rats with glucocorticoid-induced impaired healing to levels similar to normal healing control animals when determined 7 d after injury. Even though the circulating half-life of systemically administered rhTGF-beta 1 is < 5 min, a sustained stimulatory effect on extracellular matrix secretion was evident in glucocorticoid-impaired rats when rhTGF-beta 1 was administered at the time of wounding, 4 h after wounding, or even 24 h before wounding. These observations indicate a previously unrecognized potential for the active form of TGF-beta 1 to profoundly influence the wound healing cascade after brief systemic exposure.     

鼠巨细胞病毒感染小鼠骨髓单个核细胞亚群的研究

本研究旨在探索鼠巨细胞病毒(MCMV)在小鼠骨髓单个核亚群细胞中的感染特性。采用免疫磁珠分选法(MACS)分选小鼠骨髓单个核亚群细胞,包括lin+细胞、lin-细胞、lin-CD117+和lin-CD117-细胞;用MCMV攻击分选的各组分细胞并以细胞因子和诱导剂诱导细胞分化,最后检测病毒核酸及相关蛋白。结果表明:在MCMV感染的lin+细胞中可检测到病毒DNA和立即早期基因的转录产物及其蛋白,而在感染的lin-细胞中则未检测到任何病毒产物。通过添加细胞因子GM-CSF、rhEPO或佛波酯,则可以在感染的lin-细胞中检测到MCMV的立即早期和早期基因转录产物以及蛋白表达。在lin-CD117+和lin-CD117-细胞中也未检测到病毒基因转录产物,但MCMV感染可抑制lin-CD117+造血干/祖细胞集落的形成以及下调其表面标志CD117抗原的表达。结论:MCMV可在小鼠骨髓单个核亚群细胞中潜伏感染;小鼠骨髓中具有原始干/祖细胞性质的细胞群对MCMV不易感,但MCMV感染可对这些细胞的功能产生抑制作用,可使细胞表面标志表达下调。     

MAGED1: molecular insights and clinical implications

The melanoma antigen (MAGE) protein family contains more than 25 members that share a conserved MAGE homology domain (MHD). Type I MAGE genes exhibit cancer/testis-specific expression patterns and antigenic properties which render them ideal candidates for cancer immunotherapies. Maged1, a type II MAGE gene, is ubiquitously expressed and has been previously shown to play an important role in neuronal apoptosis during development. Recent studies have expanded the functional tissues and processes in which Maged1 activity is important and uncovered interacting partners of MAGED1 protein, adding novel layers to Maged1 functions. Maged1 plays a role in anti-tumorigenesis in a variety of cell types, and the down-regulation of MAGED1 has been observed in tumor cells. Moreover, MAGED1 can interact with a specific group of nuclear members and regulate circadian clock functions. These newly identified functions will enrich the molecular and clinical studies of the MAGE family of proteins.     

Oridonin induces ferroptosis by inhibiting gamma‐glutamyl cycle in TE1 cells

Oridonin (Ori) is a natural tetracyclic diterpenoid active compound with excellent antitumor activity, but the mechanism of Ori on esophageal cancer cell, TE1, remains unclear. In this study, we examined the levels of intracellular iron, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species after Ori treatment, while interfering with the effects of Ori with ferroptosis inhibitor, demonstrating that Ori's inhibition of TE1 cell proliferation is associated with ferroptosis. To understand the molecular mechanism of Ori, we performed UPLC–MS/MS metabolomics profiling on TE1 cells, which show that gamma‐glutamyl amino acids (gamma‐glutamylleucine, gamma‐glutamylvaline), 5‐oxoproline, glutamate, GSH, and GSSG are changed significantly after Ori treatment. Meanwhile, the activity of gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase 1 (GGT1) decreased. This revealed that Ori inhibited the gamma‐glutamyl cycle in TE1 cells. Furthermore, we found that Ori can covalently bind to cysteine to form the conjugate oridonin‐cysteine (Ori‐Cys), resulting in the inhibition of glutathione synthesis, which is consistent with the decrease in the enzymatic activity of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). Eventually, the value of intracellular GSH/GSSG was reduced, and the enzymatic activity of the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) was significantly decreased. In conclusion, our experiments indicated that Ori can inhibit the gamma‐glutamyl cycle, thereby inducing ferroptosis to exert anti‐cancer activity.