Transient versus surgically managed small bowel intussusception in children: Role of ultrasound

Background:

To evaluate and compare the ultrasound (US) features of transient small bowel intussusception (SBI) with those which required surgical management.

Materials and Methods:

US features of 26 children with 32 intussusceptions from January 2014 to August 2014 were recorded and compared with follow-up imaging or surgical findings.

Results:

Transient SBI when compared to surgically managed intussusception has shorter length of intussusception (mean 2.25 cm, range 1.8-4.5 cm vs. mean 5.6 cm, range, 2.3-7.8 cm), smaller transverse diameter (mean, 1.2 cm, range 0.8-2.3 cm vs. mean, 3.3 cm, range 2.9-5.4 cm) and thin wall (mean, 3.3 mm, 2.3-4.9 mm vs. mean, 6.8 mm, range, 4.3-11.2 mm). Four out of five surgically managed intussusceptions were associated with the lead point while none of the transient SBI had any lead point. Peristalsis was absent in all surgically managed intussusceptions.

Conclusion:

Transient SBI is associated with a shorter length of intussusception, smaller transverse diameter, thin walls, absence of the lead point and visible peristalsis. All these findings may help in distinguishing it from those requiring surgical management.Key words: Children, surgically managed small bowel intussusception, transient small bowel intussusception, ultrasound     

Oviposition deterrent activity of three mosquito repellents diethyl phenyl acetamide (DEPA), diethyl m toluamide (DEET), and diethyl benzamide (DEB) on Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus

Oviposition deterrent activity of three mosquito repellents namely diethyl phenyl acetamide (DEPA), diethyl benzamide (DEB) along with diethyl toluamide (DEET) was studied in the laboratory against Aedes aegypti, A. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. All the repellents evaluated at three log concentrations 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 % in comparison with control by dual choice method. The oviposition response and oviposition activity index (OAI) was estimated by counting number of eggs laid in both the treatment and control. Mean OAI determined for A. aegypti was in the range of ?0.23 to +0.22, ?0.3 to +0.27, and +0.04 to +0.33 for DEPA, DEET, and DEB, respectively, whereas it was ?0.77 to ?0.035, ?0.92 to +0.001, and ?0.77 to ?0.07 for A. albopictus and ?0.927 to ?0.251, ?1 to ?0.41, and ?0.94 to ?0.17 for C. quinquefasciatus. The oviposition deterrent activity was observed in the order of DEET > DEPA > DEB. Similarly, the response of species toward the repellents as oviposition deterrent was in the trend of C. quinquefasciatus > A. albopictus > A. aegypti. The finding suggests potential role of mosquito repellents as oviposition deterrent.     

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient with severe dengue fever

We report a case of a 65-year-old female diagnosed with sever dengue fever. She started showing recovery from dengue fever with medical management. On day 6 of admission, she had leukocytosis, altered mental sensorium, and hemoptysis. Chest tomography showed air space consolidation with multiple nodules in the left upper and middle lobe sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage cultures were positive for Aspergillus flavus. The patient showed improvement with voriconazole and therapy was continued for 6 weeks.