收费全文 | 860076篇 |
免费 | 297952篇 |
国内免费 | 42047篇 |
耳鼻咽喉 | 9955篇 |
儿科学 | 22749篇 |
妇产科学 | 16219篇 |
基础医学 | 186583篇 |
口腔科学 | 16233篇 |
临床医学 | 116449篇 |
内科学 | 199293篇 |
皮肤病学 | 17480篇 |
神经病学 | 59863篇 |
特种医学 | 31599篇 |
外国民族医学 | 106篇 |
外科学 | 128748篇 |
综合类 | 69047篇 |
现状与发展 | 23篇 |
一般理论 | 133篇 |
预防医学 | 83867篇 |
眼科学 | 32950篇 |
药学 | 106983篇 |
72篇 | |
中国医学 | 51255篇 |
肿瘤学 | 50468篇 |
2021年 | 11721篇 |
2020年 | 11463篇 |
2019年 | 20218篇 |
2018年 | 22816篇 |
2017年 | 21188篇 |
2016年 | 20610篇 |
2015年 | 22069篇 |
2014年 | 24605篇 |
2013年 | 27667篇 |
2012年 | 34947篇 |
2011年 | 38561篇 |
2010年 | 30647篇 |
2009年 | 35421篇 |
2008年 | 32135篇 |
2007年 | 30486篇 |
2006年 | 29512篇 |
2005年 | 28637篇 |
2004年 | 28815篇 |
2003年 | 27122篇 |
2002年 | 26358篇 |
2001年 | 35320篇 |
2000年 | 31641篇 |
1999年 | 32760篇 |
1998年 | 19540篇 |
1997年 | 18450篇 |
1996年 | 19050篇 |
1995年 | 18942篇 |
1994年 | 18216篇 |
1993年 | 16738篇 |
1992年 | 27047篇 |
1991年 | 27869篇 |
1990年 | 26991篇 |
1989年 | 26458篇 |
1988年 | 24685篇 |
1987年 | 23909篇 |
1986年 | 22374篇 |
1985年 | 20984篇 |
1984年 | 15783篇 |
1983年 | 14370篇 |
1982年 | 11480篇 |
1981年 | 10666篇 |
1979年 | 15352篇 |
1978年 | 12004篇 |
1977年 | 11040篇 |
1976年 | 10996篇 |
1975年 | 11837篇 |
1974年 | 12307篇 |
1973年 | 11798篇 |
1972年 | 11240篇 |
1971年 | 10273篇 |
2. Firstly, cell viability and biochemical indicators were determined and the cell morphology was observed to confirm the cell injury and develop a cell hepatotoxicity model. Then, with the help of cell metabolomics based on UPLC-MS, the Genkwa Flos group samples were completely separated from the blank group samples in the score plots and seven upregulated as well as two down-regulated putative biomarkers in the loading plot were identified and confirmed. Besides, two signal molecules and four enzymes involved in biosynthesis pathway of lysophosphatidylcholine and the sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway were determined to investigate the relationship between Genkwa Flos hepatotoxicity and these two classic pathways. Finally, the metabolic pathways related to specific biomarkers and two classic metabolic pathways were analyzed to explain the possible mechanism of Genkwa Flos hepatotoxicity.
3. Based on the results, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, phospholipase A2/lysophosphatidylcholine pathway, the disturbance of sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolic profile centered on sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway and fatty acid metabolism might be critical participators in the progression of liver injury induced by Genkwa Flos. 相似文献
Areas covered: the principal pharmacogenetic and non-genetic differences in the pharmacology of tamoxifen and endoxifen are evaluated. To this end, references from PubMed, Embase or Web of Science, among others, were reviewed As non-genetic factors, important differences and similarities such age, or adherence to tamoxifen therapy are comprehensively illustrated. Additionally, since CYP2D6 genotypes are considered the main limitation of tamoxifen, many studies have investigated the association between the worsened clinical outcomes in patients with non-functional CYP2D6 genotypes. In this review, an overview of the research on this field is presented. Also, a summary describing the literature about individualizing tamoxifen therapy with endoxifen concentrations and its limitations is listed.
Expert opinion: z-endoxifen hydrochloride is only investigated in the metastatic setting, still more research is required before its place in therapeutics is known. Similarly, monitoring tamoxifen efficacy based on endoxifen concentrations might not be overall recommended due to the limited evidence available. 相似文献
Introduction
The nature of community pharmacy is changing, shifting from the preparation and distribution of medicines to the provision of cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS); however, often the provision of traditional services leaves little time for innovative services. This study investigated the time community pharmacists spend on the tasks and activities of daily practice and to what extent they are able to implement CPS-related services in daily practice.Methods
Self-reporting work sampling was used to register the activities of community pharmacists. A smartphone application, designed specifically for this purpose, alerted participants to register their current activity five times per working day for 6 weeks. Participants also completed an online survey about baseline characteristics.Results
Ninety-one Dutch community pharmacists provided work-sampling data (7848 registered activities). Overall, 51.5% of their time was spent on professional activities, 35.4% on semi-professional activities, and 13.1% on non-professional activities. The proportion of time devoted to CPS decreased during the workweek, whereas the time spent on traditional task increased.Discussion and conclusion
This study shows it is feasible to collect work-sampling data using smartphone technology. Community pharmacists spent almost half of their time on semi-professional and non-professional activities, activities that could be delegated to other staff members. In practice, the transition to CPS is hampered by competing traditional tasks, which prevents community pharmacists from profiling themselves as pharmaceutical experts in daily practice. 相似文献Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of discharge records from the National Inpatient Sample database for patients receiving allo-HSCT between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2013. Allo-HSCT discharges with an aGVHD diagnosis were included in the aGVHD group and those without any graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) diagnosis comprised the non-GVHD group. Mortality, LOS and costs were compared between the two groups, as well as within subgroups, including age (<18 vs. ≥18 years) and survival status (alive vs. deceased) at discharge.
Results: Overall, mortality (16.2% vs. 5.3%; p?<?.01), median hospital LOS (42.0 vs. 26.0 days; p?<?.01) and median total costs ($173,144 vs. $98,982; p?<?.01) were significantly increased in patients with aGVHD versus those without GVHD during hospitalizations for allo-HSCT, irrespective of age group. Patients with aGVHD who were <18 years of age had a lower mortality rate but greater hospital LOS and total costs versus patients aged ≥18 years. Patients who died during allo-HSCT hospitalization had longer LOS and incurred greater costs than those who survived in both the aGVHD and non-GVHD groups.
Conclusion: Occurrence of aGVHD during allo-HSCT admissions resulted in a tripling of the mortality rate and a near doubling of hospital LOS and total costs. In addition, death during allo-HSCT hospitalizations was associated with greater healthcare utilization and costs. Effectively mitigating aGVHD may improve survival and substantially reduce hospital LOS and costs for allo-HSCT. 相似文献
Methods: Case report and the literature search of all English articles on delivery while on ECMO in patients with ARDS caused by influenza.
Results: A 25-year-old pregnant woman was initiated with ECMO due to severe ARDS caused by influenza A (H1N1) virus. When the patient had symptoms of colporrhagia and uterine contractions, the medical team decided to start labour induction while on ECMO. There were in total five case reports identified. Maternal oxygenation was improved after delivery and ECMO was successfully discontinued.
Conclusions: Maternal oxygenation was improved after delivery, which may be beneficial to reduce the duration of ECMO. Caesarean section (CS) may be the most used mode and labour induction could be another option. The procedure should be performed by an experienced ECMO team, cooperating with the obstetrician, anaesthesiologist, and ICU doctors. 相似文献