胆红素对离体培养大鼠耳蜗基底膜的药理效应观察

目的观察胆红素对离体培养的新生SD大鼠耳蜗器官的损伤效应。方法健康新生3日龄SD大鼠18只,雌雄不限,分离其双侧的内耳共得到耳蜗器官组织36个,体外培养,12h后换液。选择贴壁、存活良好的组织30个入选实验,并随机分为两组(15个/组):实验组于贴壁第二天开始进行胆红素处理,对照组加入相应体积的生理盐水。处理后24h,实验组和对照组同时终止培养,并对其进行固定、免疫组织化学染色,共聚焦显微镜观察毛细胞及螺旋神经节神经元的形态变化并计数,统计对比。结果胆红素组离体培养的耳蜗器官中螺旋神经节神经元胞体及其树突纤维与对照组相比有明显的减少,内外毛细胞形态完整,数量无明显变化。结论大鼠耳蜗器官螺旋神经节神经元对胆红素的毒性敏感,而内外毛细胞对其毒性相对不敏感。     

Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors among Children with Intellectual Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study

To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in Chinese children with intellectual disability, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 558 children with intellectual disability aged 6–18 years in Hong Kong, and 452 (81.0%) with valid data were included in the data analysis. Blood pressure was measured according to a standard protocol. Hypertension was defined using the age-, gender-, and height-specific classification criteria recommended by the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Children. Multivariate and hierarchical logistic regression was fitted to examine the associations of hypertension with potential risk factors. Overall, 31.4% of the participants were classified as having hypertension. Obese children were more likely to develop hypertension than non-obese children (adjusted OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.28, 5.99, p = 0.010). A paternal education of college or above and a paternal occupation of clerks, sales representatives, and workers were also associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is high among Chinese children with intellectual disability. Obesity was the strongest risk factor. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings. Nevertheless, preventions against obesity are promising to receive doubled benefits in reducing both obesity and hypertension, given its strong relationship with hypertension in this special population.     

声带息肉患者术后声休方案探讨

目的探讨声带息肉患者喉显微手术后声休方案。方法85例声带息肉患者随机分为两组,A组48例,B组37例,均在显微支撑喉镜下行声带息肉切除术,A组术后严格声休1周,B组术后严格声休2周,其余治疗相同。两组均于手术前和手术后1、2、3、4周行嗓音基频微扰（jitter）、振幅微扰（shimmer）、噪谐比（NHR）检测和纤维喉镜检查,比较两组术后发声功能及声带手术创面恢复情况。结果术后1周时A、B两组jitter、shimmer、NHR值均与术前比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;术后2周时,A组仅jitter较术前降低（P＜0．05）,shimmer、NHR值仍与术前无差异,而B组jitter、shimmer、NHR值均较术前降低（P＜0．05）,且B组shimmer值较 A组低（P＜0．05）;术后3周时B组jitter、shimmer、NHR值均低于A组;术后4周时两组jitter、shimmer、NHR值均恢复至正常水平。纤维喉镜检查显示术后1周时两组患者术侧声带均有不同程度充血水肿,部分患者创面可见少许伪膜;术后2周时声带充血水肿逐渐消退,伪膜脱落;至术后4周时,两组患者术侧声带外观完全恢复正常。结论声带息肉患者术后2周应严格声休,术后3～4周应相对声休,以利于声带创面的愈合及发声功能的恢复。     

听神经瘤误诊分析

对经耳鼻咽喉科首诊，最终由神经外科手术全切或部分切除的经病理证实的７２例听神经瘤进行早期误诊分析，误诊时间平均５．５年，误诊病种为神经性耳聋、突发性耳聋、神经性耳鸣、颈椎病、鼻咽癌等。文中重点讨论了误诊原因。     

新天然来源抗生素-抗霉素A_(18)的抗肿瘤活性及其产生菌I07A-01824的生物学特征

目的检测抗霉素A18的体外抗肿瘤活性并对其产生菌I07A-01824的形态及培养特征,生理生化特征等进行研究。方法用MTT法检测抗霉素A18的肿瘤细胞生长抑制作用,用流式细胞术测定其对细胞周期的影响;按分类学常规方法研究菌株I07A-01824的形态及部分生理生化特征。结果抗霉素A18能够抑制人肝癌细胞HepG2、人口腔上皮癌细胞KB的生长;这两个细胞株均被阻滞在细胞周期的S期。菌株I07A-01824的形态及培养特征与已知种——黄白链霉菌(Streptomyces albidoflavus)一致。结论红树林内生放线菌是新抗生素的重要来源。     

Resistin induces insulin resistance, but does not affect glucose output in rat-derived hepatocytes

AIM: The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of resistin on insulin sensitivity and glucose output in rat-derived hepatocytes. METHODS: The rat hepatoma cell line H4IIE was cultured and stimulated with resistin; supernant glucose and glycogen content were detected. The insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and IRS-2, protein kinase B/Akt, glycogen synthase kinase-3beta(GSK-3 beta), the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3) protein content, as well as the phosphorylation status were assessed by Western blotting. Specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed against SOCS-3 were used to knockdown SOCS-3. RESULTS: Resistin induced insulin resistance, but did not affect glucose output in rat hepatoma cell line H4IIE. Resistin attenuated multiple effects of insulin, including insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and phosphorylation of IRS, protein kinase B/Akt, as well as GSK-3beta. Resistin treatment markedly induced the gene and protein expression of SOCS-3, a known inhibitor of insulin signaling. Furthermore, a specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide directed against SOCS-3 treatment prevented resistin from antagonizing insulin action. CONCLUSION: The major function of resistin on liver is to induce insulin resistance. SOCS-3 induction may contribute to the resistin-mediated inhibition of insulin signaling in H4IIE hepatocytes.     

当归多糖对移植肌卫星细胞的受体鼠造血功能恢复的影响

目的:探讨当归多糖对移植肌卫星细胞的照射小鼠造血功能恢复的影响。方法:将昆明小鼠随机分为4组:照射组、移植骨髓组、移植肌卫星组、移植肌卫星且注射当归多糖组。小鼠经8Gy的137Cs-γ照射后按组别给予不同方式治疗,观察其生存状态、体重、外周血常规变化,PCR法检测Y染色体性别决定基因(sex determining region on Y chro-mosome,Sry)的表达。结果:照射组小鼠在照射后17天内全部死亡,移植骨髓组、移植肌卫星且注射当归多糖组、移植肌卫星组小鼠在照射后1周内体重和血象值均明显下降,各组体重分别于11天、12天、20天左右开始恢复,28天基本恢复到正常水平;各组血象值于第2周开始恢复,第4周时基本恢复,移植肌卫星且注射当归多糖组常规指标均优于移植肌卫星组,第3周时各存活小鼠体内均可检测到供体小鼠Sry基因。结论:当归多糖可促进移植肌卫星细胞的照射小鼠造血功能的恢复,并加速其造血重建。     

现代眩晕医案中情志症名的文献分析

目的:检索1949～2010年中国出版的有关眩晕的医案文献,分析规范化后情志失常的研究,为临床病例信息调查表的制作提供可靠的依据。方法:以中国学术期刊网络出版社总库为主要来源,共检索到1 296篇符合描述眩晕症状的医案文献。运用Note Express软件和Excel 2003从医案中截取症状归类排序和频数统计,并运用统一标准的症状术语进行规范化,统计规范化后的有关情志失常的症状。结果:眩晕医案中烦躁、善怒、心烦、健忘、善悲、善忧思等18种症状共累计出现143篇,占医案总篇数13.06%,为眩晕病案中情志失常的症状进行初步症名的规范化,满足科研与临床的实际需要。结论:规范眩晕病案中情志症状名称,有助于提高诊治眩晕的可操作性和辨证论治水平。     

苦参碱通过抑制microRNA-192调控顺铂耐受肺腺癌A549细胞对顺铂的敏感性

目的探讨苦参碱通过调控microRNA影响顺铂耐受A549(A549/DDP)细胞对顺铂的敏感性。方法采用生物信息学手段对GEO数据库中的相关microRNA芯片数据(访问编号GSE43249)进行数据挖掘,筛选出与A549细胞顺铂敏感性相关的microRNA。体外培养对顺铂敏感的A549细胞及A549/DDP,使用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法在体外培养的细胞中验证生物信息学的结果,并考察苦参碱对A549/DDP细胞中microRNA水平的影响。通过转染micro RNA-192(mi R-192)模拟序列上调A549/DDP细胞的mi R-192水平。CCK-8细胞活力实验考察苦参碱处理及(或)mi R-192上调对A549/DDP细胞顺铂敏感性的影响。结果芯片数据挖掘显示与顺铂敏感的A549细胞相比,A549/DDP细胞中共有11个microRNA存在显著变化(P0.05),其中mi R-192及mi R-194变化在体外培养的细胞中得到了验证。与未经处理的A549/DDP细胞相比,苦参碱处理后的A549/DDP细胞中mi R-192水平显著降低(P0.05)。苦参碱处理可以增加A549/DDP细胞对顺铂的敏感性,miR-192的上调可以消除这种效果。上调miR-192水平可诱导A549细胞的顺铂耐受。结论苦参碱可能通过抑制mi R-192调控A549对顺铂的敏感性。     

白细胞介素6和hepcidin在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及其与贫血的相关性

目的：研究白细胞介素6（IL-6）和hepcidin在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）患者中的表达及其在贫血发生中的作用。方法收集诊断时伴或不伴贫血的45例DLBCL患者,在诊断时抽取外周血标本,分别检测IL-6、hepcidin、血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白（Hb）浓度等。以24名健康志愿者作为对照。结果DLBCL患者的血浆hepcidin及IL-6水平分别为（347±171）μg／L、0.27 ng／L（0～9.61 ng／L）,与健康对照者的（175±92）μg／L、0相比,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.001）。在高乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）（P＝0.003）、有B症状（P＝0.040）和年龄校正的国际预后指数（IPI）评分＞1（P＝0.010）的患者中血浆hepcidin水平升高,差异均有统计学意义。在男性（P＝0.003）、肿瘤分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期（P＝0.008）和IPI评分＞1（P＝0.004）的DLBCL患者中IL-6水平升高,差异均有统计学意义。 hepcidin水平与血清铁蛋白高度相关（r＝0.77,P＜0.001）,与IL-6弱相关（r＝0.31,P＝0.030）,与Hb无相关性（r＝-0.12,P＝0.300）。IL-6表达水平与Hb呈负相关（r＝-0.35,P＝0.009）。多因素分析提示,IL-6可以预测贫血（P＝0.03）,而hepcidin不能预测贫血（P＝0.89）。结论 DLBCL患者血浆hepcidin常高表达,但IL-6水平升高在DLBCL患者贫血的发生中起主要作用。