手法治疗肘关节错缝86例

2000年1月-2005年10月共治疗肘关节错缝86例,临床效果满意,现报告如下。1临床资料86例中男61例,女25例;年龄13~46岁。受伤机制:均为跌倒时手掌着地,肘关节过伸导致。摄X线片未见骨折及关节异常。肘关节伸屈活动障碍,伸20°~40°,屈90°~110°,屈伸平均(70·57°±3·01°)的活动范围。肘关节轻度肿胀,以内后方为甚,压痛点为尺骨半月切迹的内侧,强作旋后活动时会引起剧烈疼痛,肘三角正常。受伤至就诊时间1~3 d,平均1·5 d。2治疗方法2·1复位左肘错缝者坐于靠背椅上,助手立于患者侧背后方,紧握患者上臂,术者于患者前侧,左手握患者腕部,右手…     

慢性肾脏病非透析患者脑钠素与动脉粥样硬化及心功能的关系

目的 研究脑钠素（BNP）与慢性肾脏病（CKD）非透析患者动脉粥样硬化及心功能不全的关系。 方法 采用双抗夹心免疫荧光法检测203例CKD非透析患者与16例高血压患者对照组全血BNP水平，分析其与颈动脉超声结果、心脏彩超结果及既往心血管疾病史的关系。 结果 CKD非透析患者BNP水平与对照组相比显著升高[M（范围）：54.40(15.10～ 173.00) ng/L比9.35(7.35～15.00) ng/L，P < 0.01]。Spearman相关分析显示CKD患者BNP与颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）、左室心肌重量指数（LVMI）等呈正相关。存在颈动脉斑块、左室肥厚或既往发生过心血管事件的患者血BNP水平显著增高。多元回归分析显示LVMI、既往心血管事件均是影响BNP水平的独立因素。 结论 CKD非透析患者BNP水平和动脉粥样硬化性疾病、左室肥厚及心功能不全相关，提示BNP水平可作为一项评价CKD非透析患者心功能及动脉粥样硬化的敏感生物学指标。     

RGD-based strategies for selective delivery of therapeutics and imaging agents to the tumour vasculature

During the past decade, RGD-peptides have become a popular tool for the targeting of drugs and imaging agents to alphavbeta3-integrin expressing tumour vasculature. RGD-peptides have been introduced by recombinant means into therapeutic proteins and viruses. Chemical means have been applied to couple RGD-peptides and RGD-mimetics to liposomes, polymers, peptides, small molecule drugs and radiotracers. Some of these products show impressive results in preclinical animal models and a RGD targeted radiotracer has already successfully been tested in humans for the visualization of alphavbeta3-integrin, which demonstrates the feasibility of this approach. This review will summarize the structural requirements for RGD-peptides and RGD-mimetics as ligands for alphavbeta3. We will show how they have been introduced in the various types of constructs by chemical and recombinant techniques. The importance of multivalent RGD-constructs for high affinity binding and internalization will be highlighted. Furthermore the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of RGD-targeted therapeutics and diagnostics reported in recent years will be reviewed.     

眶骨延长术治疗眼球突出的实验研究

目的探讨眶骨延长术扩大眶容积治疗眼球突出的可行性。方法1年龄山羊6只,环行截开右侧眶壁,于眶上壁放置延长器,侧向延长1.5cm,经大体、X线、干骨标本及组织学观察成骨情况。结果6只山羊眶骨得到不同程度的侧向延长,延长侧随着眶骨容量的增加,眼球突度较自身对照侧为小。结论眶骨延长术可造成山羊眶骨侧向移位,有可能成为治疗眼球过度突出的方法之一。     

微小切口胆囊切除术2260例效果观察

目的 总结微小切口胆囊切除术治疗胆道系统疾病的经验。方法 对2002-2004年连续收治的2260例胆囊、胆道系统疾病实施微小切口手术的临床观察资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组2260例微小切口胆囊切除术的患者无一例因手术原因死亡；术后无残留小胆囊；无胆汁漏及腹腔脓肿，亦无伤口全层裂开及切口疝形成。结论 该术式损伤小、局部显露清楚、不易发生副损伤，可同时行胆总管探查术，特殊情况下可随时改变手术方式。     

胸骨肿瘤CT诊断(附22例报告)

目的探讨胸骨肿瘤临床CT诊断和检查意义。方法搜集分析经临床病理证实的22例胸骨肿瘤CT资料,其中转移瘤17例(肺癌转移15例;乳腺癌转移2例)、骨髓瘤2例、软骨肉瘤1例、骨肉瘤1例、骨化性纤维瘤1例。结果局部骨质破坏(囊状膨胀性、溶骨性和混合性骨破坏3种),其中囊状膨胀性骨破坏1例(骨化性纤维瘤),溶骨性骨破坏16例(肺癌转移15例、骨肉瘤1例),混合性骨破坏5例(软骨肉瘤1例、骨髓瘤2例、乳腺癌转移2例)。胸骨处软组织肿块18例,胸骨前胸壁肌、皮下脂肪和胸骨后脂肪间隙浸润13例。结论胸骨肿瘤以转移瘤多见,CT检查对胸骨肿瘤有较高的诊断价值。     

Pressure overload-induced transient oxidative stress mediates perivascular inflammation and cardiac fibrosis through angiotensin II.

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. We have shown that in Wistar rats with a suprarenal aortic constriction (AC), pressure overload-induced transient perivascular inflammation (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1] induction and macrophage accumulation) in the early phase is the determinant of reactive myocardial fibrosis and resultant diastolic dysfunction in the late phase. Thus, we investigated the role of reactive oxygen species production in cardiac remodeling in AC rats. Superoxide production and the footprint of lipid peroxidation were assessed using dihydroethidium staining and immunohistostaining against 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), respectively. In sham rats, dihydroethidium and 4-HNE signals were scarcely found in the heart. At day 3, AC rats showed dihydroethidium signals mainly in the intramyocardial arterial wall, whereas modest 4-HNE staining was observed diffusely in the myocardium. These signals declined to lower levels by day 14 despite sustained hypertension. Chronic administration of a subdepressor dose of an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker candesartan reduced the pressure overload-induced dihydroethidium and 4-HNE signals at day 3. Moreover, candesartan decreased MCP-1 induction and macrophage infiltration at day 3 and prevented myocardial fibrosis at day 14, without affecting left ventricle and myocyte hypertrophy. In conclusion, acute pressure overload induced self-limited superoxide production mainly in the vascular wall. The reactive oxygen species production would contribute to the perivascular inflammation and subsequent myocardial fibrosis. Angiotensin II was suggested to have a pressure-independent effect on the reactive oxygen species production.     

分裂症患者的行为评定与护理对策

目的探讨分裂症患者行为能力与病程的关系,制定相应的护理对策.方法对238例住院精神分裂症病人按住院年限分15组,分别用护士用住院病人观察量表(NOSIE-30)进行评定并进行统计学处理.结果NOSIE总评分与病程呈负相关,相关系数为0.57,经显著性检验有高度显著性差异,各因子T分经方差分析有高度显著性差异.结论分裂症患者的行为能力随病程的延长逐渐衰退,积极因素逐渐下降,消极因素逐渐增加,合理的护理对减缓病人的衰退很有必要.     

HIV.1的转录因子NF-kB及其抑制剂的研究进展

在病毒复制循环过程中,HIV-1的转录是其中的关键步骤,可作为HIV-1治疗的新靶点.在此过程涉及的所有因子中,细胞核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)是HIV-1转录过程中重要的诱导剂.NF-κB通过与HIV-1的长末端重复序列(long terminal repeat,LTR)增强子区的连接来激活HIV-1的转录.许多化合物通过抑制NF-κB的活性来抑制HIV-1的转录.本文综述了NF-κB对HIV-1转录过程的调节及当前NF-κB抑制剂的研究进展.     

Slow-wave photic stimulation relieves patient discomfort during esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Background and Aim: Although pretreatment with a sedative drug is effective in relieving pain during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), such drugs can cause significant side‐effects. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of slow‐wave photic stimulation on discomfort and/or pain felt during EGD. Methods: Forty consecutive patients (25 men and 15 women) who underwent diagnostic EGD in our hospital were included in the study. Twenty patients received photic stimulation for 25 min, and underwent electroencephalographic recording, in addition to the usual premedications. Twenty control patients received the same treatment but without photic stimulation. All patients evaluated the discomfort/pain felt during endoscopy against a five‐grade scale in comparison with what they had experienced in their previous examination. Results: Patients with an improved discomfort/pain score were 18/20 and 3/20 in the treated and control groups, respectively. Overall comparison of pain scores between both groups was significant (P < 0.0001). The proportion of slow‐wave activity recorded in patients’ electroencephalograms significantly increased in the treated group compared to control values (36.6 ± 6.8% vs 29.1 ± 3.4%, P < 0.001). There was a close correlation between the degree of discomfort/pain felt during endoscopy and the proportion of slow‐wave activity (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Slow‐wave photic stimulation shows promise as a treatment for relieving the discomfort and/or pain felt by patients undergoing EGD.