CD44v6 expression in patients with stage II or stage III sporadic colorectal cancer is superior to CD44 expression for predicting progression

Background: Currently, it is difficult to predict the prognosis of patients exhibiting stage II or stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) and to identify those patients most likely to benefit from aggressive treatment. The current study was performed to examine the clinicopathological significance of CD44 and CD44v6 protein expression in these patients. Study design: We retrospectively investigated 187 consecutive patients who underwent surgery with curative intent for stage II to III CRC from 2007 to 2013 in the Beijing Civil Aviation Hospital. CD44 and CD44v6 protein expression levels were determined using immunohistochemistry and compared to the clinicopathological data. Results: Using immunohistochemical detection, CD44 expression was observed in 108 (57.75%) of the CRC patients; and its detection was significantly associated with greater invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, angiolymphatic invasion, and a more advanced pathological tumor-lymph node-metastasis (TNM) stage. CD44v6 expression was observed in 135 (72.19%) of the CRC patients; and its expression was significantly associated with a poorly differentiated histology, greater invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, angiolymphatic invasion, and a more advanced pathological TNM stage. Expression of CD44v6 was higher than that of CD44 in stage II and stage III sporadic CRC. Conclusion: CD44v6 is a more useful marker for predicting a poor prognosis in stage II and stage III sporadic CRC as compared to CD44.     

体外循环心脏不停跳与非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术治疗冠状动脉三支病变的疗效

目的 探讨心肺转流(CPB)下行心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术(OPBH)与非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术(OPCAB)治疗冠状动脉三支病变的临床效果.方法 210例单纯冠状动脉三支病变患者分为0PCAB组(105例)和OPBH组(105例),分别进行临床观察.结果 OPCAB组无一例需转成OPBH.所有患者均在心脏侧壁和后壁区域搭桥.两组人均冠状动脉远端吻合数和再血管化指数相似;手术后呼吸支持时间、胸腔引流量和输血量OPCAB组明显少于OPBH组;围手术期死亡率和并发症发生率两组比较差异无统计学意义.结论 对于低左室射血分数的患者,虽然出血和输血量较大,术后呼吸支持时间、ICU停留时间较长,但OPBH能取得与OPCAB相同的疗效.     

土贝母皂苷原料及其注射液中土贝母总皂苷的含量测定

目的：建立土贝母总皂甙含量测定。方法：用５％香草醛冰醋酸溶液－脱水硫酸为显色剂,在９０℃加热显色,用分光光度法测定土贝母皂苷原料及其注射液中土贝母总皂苷的含量。结果：平均回收率为１０１．３９％,ＲＳＤ＝１．９１％（ｎ＝５）。结论：该法可作为土贝母皂甙原料及其注射液的定量控制方法之一。     

Penicillium marneffei infection in a non-HIV infected child

We report a case of Penicillium marneffei infection in a previously healthy 3.5 years-old Chinese boy and review the literature. The details of the case are described with emphasis on his immune function and treatment outcome. This boy had transient immunodeficiency involving phagocytic and NK cells due to P. marneffei infection which resolved after treatment with gamma interferon and amphotericin B. A prolonged course of fluconazole of 1 year was successful in preventing relapse. Gamma interferon, amphotericin B and a prolonged course of fluconazole may be useful in the treatment of life-threatening infection by P. marneffei.     

新生儿细菌L型感染途径初探

0　引言　细菌 L型是细菌的缺壁状态 ,不合理的抗生素应用是导致细菌 L 型形成和成年人细菌 L 型感染的主要原因 [1 ] .新生儿感染细菌 L 型的途径尚不清楚 .我们通过对新生儿外周血及其母体血和乳汁进行细菌和细菌 L 型培养 ,探讨细菌 L型对新生儿的感染途径 .1　材料和方法1 .1　材料　标本取自我院 1 997- 0 8～ 1 998- 0 8间住院的 5 8例不明原因发热新生儿的外周血及其母体外周血和乳汁 .常规配制普通增菌培养基 ,普通琼脂血平板 . 1 L型液体培养基 :牛肉浸液 80 0 m L,蛋白胨 (日本产 ) 2 g,Na Cl4g,蔗糖 2 0g,混匀 ,加热溶解 ,调…     

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in children hospitalized in Hong Kong, 1986–1990

A 5-year territory-wide retrospective survey of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b diseases was conducted in Hong Kong. Between 1986 and 1990, 57 cases (28 male) were recorded in children less than 12 years old (37 cases of meningitis, 9 of septicaemia and 11 of bacteraemic pneumonia). The annual incidence for children less than 5 years old was 2.7 per 10⁵ (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0–3.5). Of the 57 cases, 39 were Chinese and 18 non-Chinese (7 Vietnamese refugees, 6 Caucasians, 5 others). The annual incidence in Vietnamese refugees less than 5 years old was 42.7 per 10⁵ (95% CI 17.2–87.9), giving a relative risk of 18.5 (95% CI 8.3–41.0). Chinese patients (68%) were under-represented as Chinese accounted for at least 94% of the population. Moreover, 14 of the 39 Chinese patients had pre-existing medical problems, compared with only 1 of the 18 non-Chinese patients (p = 0.022).     

Establishment of an optimal hypo-osmotic swelling test by examining single spermatozoa in four different hypo-osmotic solutions

In order to find an optimal hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) and to identify viable sperm cells from patients with asthenozoospermia for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), we tested single motile and non-motile spermatozoa in four hypo-osmotic solutions by micromanipulation. The four solutions were: A, H2O; B, 50 mOsm NaCl; C, 150 mOsm NaCl and D, 150 mOsm sodium citrate and fructose. Eosin Y staining was then carried out for evaluation of viability of the spermatozoa after HOST. Using motile spermatozoa, no statistical difference was found in HOST-positive spermatozoa between these four solutions. There were more viable sperm cells after HOST in solutions C and D, as noted by Eosin Y staining. After non-motile spermatozoa were incubated for 1 min in the four solutions, HOST with solution C gave the best results for identification of viable sperm cells compared to the other three solutions. When motile spermatozoa were incubated in solution C or solution D for 30 min, the result of HOST with solution C (10.8% dead spermatozoa) was superior to that of solution D (49.1% dead spermatozoa). In conclusion, the HOST protocol using 150 mOsm NaCl (solution C) for 1 min yielded the best results for selection of viable spermatozoa. This procedure should be used for selection of viable spermatozoa for ICSI in patients with 100% non-motile spermatozoa.      

人工肩关节置换翻修术3例报告

①探讨人工肩关节置换术后翻修术中的指证和方法。②选择2001-09/2002-04上海长征医院收治的肩关节置换术后患者3例,例1(男,36岁),例3(男,75岁)为急性肱骨近端4部分粉碎性骨折,分别行单极人工肩关节置换术、全肩关节置换术各1例;例2(女,63岁)为肱骨近端骨巨细胞瘤,行双极人工肩关节置换术。3例术后均表现肩关节活动受限,例2,例3三角肌萎缩,肩关节脱位(人工肱骨头置位不当)或半脱位。例1,例2均行人工肩关节置换翻修术;例3行肩关节镜检查,发现肩关节假体置位理想,但所用关节盂过厚,与肱骨头假体关节面不够匹配,关节囊修复理想。未予再次置换假体。3例患者术后分别随访36,40和9个月。③结果:例1人工肩关节置换术后翻修患者术后完全不疼。例2由于人工肱骨头置位不当、脱位,肩关节假体突至皮下,显著疼痛,翻修术后疼痛缓解。例3全肩关节置换术翻修术后患者所用关节盂过厚,致关节活动受限,而腋神经损伤致三角肌瘫痪,肩关节不稳,易脱位、被动运动痛。例1肱骨近端骨折单极人工肩关节置换术翻修术后患者上举120°,外旋60°,内旋80°。例2,例3患者由于三角肌萎缩,术后肩关节半脱位,肩关节活动受限。3例患者假体X射线表现置位较好,假体周围无透亮区、无松动;肿瘤术后患者未见肿瘤复发迹象;患者均较满意。④人工肩关节置换翻修术的基本指证为假体周围骨折;假体松动;假体置位不当、关节脱位或半脱位、活动受限。行人工肩关节置换术,对于神经肌肉功能应特别注意,并加以必要的保护;肱骨头的上下位置对于植入物的功能极为重要。     

兔膀胱移行上皮细胞的体外培养

目的:对兔膀胱移行上皮细胞进行原代及传代培养,探索用于泌尿系统组织工程的膀胱移行上皮种子细胞的最佳培养方法。方法:实验于2005-09/2006-01在吉林大学药学院生物工程实验室完成。①取1月龄新西兰大耳白兔,耳缘静脉行空气栓塞处死,超净台内无菌取膀胱。②采用中性蛋白酶分离膀胱各层组织。③胰蛋白酶消化获得膀胱移行上皮细胞。④将获取的膀胱移行上皮细胞分别接种到含体积分数为0.01,0.05,0.1血清的DMEM-F12培养液进行培养。④每日在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞形态及生长状况;分别在第1,3,5,7,9天以四甲基偶氮唑盐法作细胞生长曲线。结果:①原代移行上皮细胞于接种后34～48h贴壁,培养六七天时可达80%融合,呈典型铺路石状。②传代后的细胞生长稳定快速,24～36h贴壁,五六天可达80%融合。③应用四甲基偶氮唑盐法检测不同体积分数血清对移行上皮细胞增殖的影响,显示膀胱移行上皮细胞在含有体积分数为0.05血清的DMEM-F12培养中生长状态最佳。结论:采用中性蛋白酶与胰蛋白酶联合消化法,对兔膀胱移行上皮细胞进行原代及传代培养,是一种稳定、快速的膀胱移行上皮细胞的培养方法。     

控释胶质细胞源性神经营养因子对骨髓间质干细胞源性神经元样细胞移植修复猴脊髓轴突的协同作用

目的:采用甘氨酸银浸镀法评价控释胶质细胞源性神经营养因子与骨髓间质干细胞源性神经元样细胞联合移植后,其对猕猴脊髓损伤后轴突的修复效果是否优于单纯神经元样细胞移植。方法:实验于2006-03/08在北京市垂杨柳医院病理科完成。①选择2004-01/2005-01中山大学邓宇斌教授课题组研究的猴脊髓石蜡标本12例作为回顾性实验分析对象,其中控释神经营养因子 神经元样细胞联合移植组4例、单纯神经元样细胞移植组4例、磷酸盐缓冲液对照组4例。课题前期实验各组动物均建立急性重度脊髓损伤模型,并于造模后第10天给予对应细胞悬液。②各组每例石蜡标本均制备连续切片3张,片厚0.4μm,对所有切片进行一次性甘氨酸银浸镀法染色。具体步骤:切片脱蜡入水,酸性甲醛液处理10min,蒸馏水清洗后,置于甘氨酸银溶液中,37℃作用5min。取出切片,用滤纸吸干多余银液,入预热45℃的还原液作用1min。用乙醇洗切片10min,再行蒸馏水冲洗,入氯化金水溶液5min,直到棕黄色脱去。滴入苯胺油乙醇液加强染色,冲洗。50g/L硫代硫酸钠液处理30s,冲洗,梯度乙醇脱水,然后在石碳酸二甲苯中浸泡2min,二甲苯透明,中性树胶封固。③应用图像分析系统进行检测,观察各组皮质脊髓束纵切面病理改变,统计每个视野内上行性(后索)与下行性(皮质脊髓束)横切面轴突的数量及横、纵切面面积,取切片两侧各5个非重叠视野,计算平均吸光度值。结果:①各组脊髓损伤处轴突病理改变:控释神经营养因子 神经元样细胞联合移植组皮质脊髓束纵切面部分区域存在较多连续性的轴突;磷酸盐缓冲液对照组脊髓结构破坏严重,轴突大面积消失,纵切面可见崩解的轴突碎片,几乎观察不到连续性轴突;单纯神经元样细胞移植组的变化介于两者之间。②后索与皮质脊髓束的横切面轴突数量、横切面面积、纵切面面积、平均吸光度:控释神经营养因子 神经元样细胞联合移植组、单纯神经元样细胞移植组后索与皮质脊髓束各项检测指标均高于磷酸盐缓冲液对照组,3组间比较差异有显著性意义(F=38.45～487.54,P均<0.01;F=52.66～313.99,P均<0.01)。控释神经营养因子 神经元样细胞联合移植组与单纯神经元样细胞移植组比较,前者对后索轴突的修复作用略优于后者,表现在纵切面面积显著升高(P<0.01);对皮质脊髓束的修复作用明显强于后者,轴突数量、横切面面积、纵切面面积、平均吸光度值差异均有显著性意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:控释胶质细胞源性神经营养因子可以增强骨髓间质干细胞源性神经元样细胞对猕猴损伤脊髓轴突的修复作用,尤其有利于运动性损伤轴突的修复,其效果优于单纯神经元样细胞移植。