根管治疗药物及其材料的细胞毒性研究进展

根管治疗中使用的消毒药物和根充材料对人体的安全性历来受到人们的关注。细胞毒性是评价其安全性的重要指标之一。下面就近年来有关常用根管冲洗剂、根管消毒药物、根管充填材料、根尖倒充填材料和髓腔穿孔修复材料的细胞毒性的研究进展作一综述。     

医疗器械生物学评价——实验动物保护要求

2006版“医疗器械生物学评价-动物保护要求“国际标准规定了在用于评价医疗器械的材料或医疗器械本身的生物相容性的动物试验中,爱护动物和使用动物的最基本要求.目的在于:为进行医疗器械生物学评价的委托者,设计者以及进行试验或从动物试验进行推测、评价的科研人员,提供尊重生命的通用性要求;也推荐并提供以下指南:促进今后进一步“减少(reduction)“应用动物全部的数量;“精致(refinement)“在动物中减少或除去痛苦或苦恼的试验方法;以及其他的合乎科学、有效的不需要动物的方法来“代替(replacement)“动物试验.该标准适用于在除人类之外的脊椎动物体上进行医疗器械或材料的生物相容性试验.     

A novel robust nomogram based on peripheral monocyte counts for predicting lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer

Accurate methods for identifying pelvic lymph node metastasis(LNM)of prostate cancer(PCa)prior to surgery are still lacking.We aimed to investigate the predicti...     

乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物全阳性模式一例分析及随访

目的 为了揭示临床实验室乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物少(罕)见模式客观存在的规律,探讨和分析了乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物全阳性模式病例的临床转归情况以及血清标志物的动态变化趋势.方法 以慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者为对象,用荧光定量PCR和酶联免疫吸附试验同步检测不同时段血清HBVDNA和HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb五项血清学标志物,并进行血清肝功能酶学指标的动态跟踪.结果 在长达3个月的时间段内,HBVM持续稳定在全阳性模式不变,用重组人干扰素α2b(安福隆)进行抗病毒治疗的早期应答虽不明显,但治疗至5个月后,随着病毒的阴转,HBeAg和HBeAb也逐步阴转,肝功能酶学指标逐步恢复正常,但HBsAg与HBsAb仍同时保留阳性.结论 HBVM在慢性乙型肝炎患者不同病程中可呈现不同模式的组合,而不能简单的用"大三阳"、"小三阳"或15阳性等模式进行解释,应动态观察乙肝两对半组合模式以及编码的变化,有利于对乙型肝炎的诊治和疗效评估.     

综合干预后血脂达标率调查

目的探讨综合干预措施对老年人血脂异常状况改善的价值。方法采用国际标准化心血管流行病学调查方法,对辖区内离退休老干部进行心血管危险因素调查;对该人群进行健康教育,并对每一个体进行危险评估、个体化用药指导,并跟踪随访。结果(1)本研究人群是多重危险因素高度聚集的心血管疾病群体,冠心病及等危症者占69.81%;(2)经过3年的综合干预,他汀类药物的服用率由14.48%上升到22.32%;高TC血症治疗达标率由27.00%上升至63.78%;高LDL-C控制率由19.79%上升到63.65%;TC与LDL-C的达标率都有显著增高(P<0.01);TG的达标率无显著变化。结论健康教育和根据危险分层确定个体化治疗方案相结合的综合干预,能够明显提高高胆固醇血症老年患者的血脂达标率。     

Evaluation of physician experience in achieving non-perfused volume ratio of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine fibroids: a multicentre study

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of different levels of physician experience on the high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of uterine fibroids and to provide a reference for the use of non-perfused volume ratio (NPVR) standards during training.MethodsThis prospective multicentre study enrolled patients with uterine fibroids. The effect of the physician’s level of experience on the outcomes under different NPVR standards and the learning curve of six centres without HIFU experience were analysed. The impact of patient demographic and clinical characteristics were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 1352 patients from 20 centres were included in the study. The median NPVRs were 92.00%, 88.10% and 92.86% in the no experience group, inexperienced group and experienced group, respectively. Posterior wall fibroids, lateral wall fibroids and fundus fibroids were inversely correlated with NPVR, while experienced physicians were positively correlated with NPVR. With NPVR ≥ 70% and NPVR ≥ 80% standards, physicians in the no experience group completed the learning curve on the 11th and 16th procedure, respectively. Physicians under a standard of an NPVR ≥ 90% did not complete the learning curve.ConclusionsNPVR ≥ 80% is a standard that is worth using for HIFU treatment of uterine fibroids.     

The altering in sensory sensitivity: a current issue of female breast surgery

Breast surgery is an important treatment for women with malignant breast diseases. In addition to breast appearance, the integrity of breast function is increasing in patients with breast diseases. As the basis of breast physiological function, breast skin sensitivity is important to the quality of life of patients after surgery. Breast skin sensitivity gives the patient a “real” breast feeling. The sensory recovery after breast surgery has also become one of the important goals of breast surgery. In this review, we aim to discuss the research progress on recovery of breast skin sensitivity after different treatment modalities for breast disease.     

Proteomic analysis of the effects of caffeine in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic‐ischemic white matter damage

AimWhite matter damage (WMD) is the main cause of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment in premature infants. Although caffeine has been shown to possess neuroprotective effects in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD, the mechanisms underlying these protective effects are unclear. Herein, proteins modulated by caffeine in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD were evaluated.MethodsWe identified differential proteins and performed functional enrichment analyses between the Sham, hypoxic‐ischemic WMD (HI), and HI+caffeine‐treated WMD (Caffeine) groups. Confirmed the changes and effect of proteins in animal models and determined cognitive impairment via water maze experiments.ResultsIn paraventricular tissue, 47 differential proteins were identified between the Sham, HI, and Caffeine groups. Functional enrichment analyses showed that these proteins were related to myelination and axon formation. In particular, the myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein, myelin‐associated glycoprotein precursor, and sirtiun 2 (SIRT2) levels were reduced in the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD group, and this effect could be prevented by caffeine. Caffeine alleviated the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD‐induced cognitive impairment and improved MBP, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density protein 95 protein levels after hypoxic‐ischemic WMD by preventing the HI‐induced downregulation of SIRT2; these effects were subsequently attenuated by the SIRT2 inhibitor AK‐7.ConclusionCaffeine may have clinical applications in the management of prophylactic hypoxic‐ischemic WMD; its effects may be mediated by proteins related to myelin development and synapse formation through SIRT2.     

涂布方式对柔性硅胶血管制作质量的影响

目的 探究比较不同涂布方法对复杂柔性硅胶血管仿体制作质量的影响。方法 基于个性化前交通动脉瘤模型,采用喷涂和旋涂两种方法,制作多例硅胶血管仿体,定量比较两种方法在制作同一血管结构时的厚度增长、周向均匀以及透光性等指标。结果 旋涂法在血管大曲率、变径位置和直管位置处的厚度控制以及厚度均匀性占优,且具有较好的透光性和表面光滑性。旋涂法厚度相对偏差较喷涂法分别降低8.9%、10.8%和16.9%。结论 现阶段旋涂法在制作硅胶仿体模型时较喷涂法具有厚度均匀性优势和透光性优势,在大血管流体力学体外实验领域具有十分可期的应用前景。     

低剂量辐射对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤微环境的影响

目的 探讨低剂量辐射(LDR)对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤微环境(TME)的影响,以及高剂量辐射(HDR)前LDR预处理在TME中发挥的效应机制.方法 接种Lewis肺癌细胞(1×106)于雄性C57BL/6小鼠左侧腋下,待小鼠肿瘤直径1 cm左右(12 d),随机分为假手术Sham(1)组、LDR(2)组、HDR(3)组...