溶血曼氏杆菌A1粘附因子基因adh的表达及其产物的分布

溶血曼氏杆菌常引起哺乳类动物呼吸道感染，偶可致人类呼吸道感染及败血症。其生物型A血清型1（A1）是主要的致病菌，临床表现有发热、咳嗽、鼻腔分泌物增多、呼吸窘迫，该菌引起的疾病病死率高，但发病机制尚不明确。了解其致病机制对研制疫苗、制备快速诊断试剂，以达到预防、快速诊断及治疗目的有重要意义。     

丝瓜叶中丝瓜皂甙R的化学结构

从丝瓜(Lufa cylindrica Roem.)叶中分得一种新的五环三萜皂甙和丝瓜皂甙G,用光谱和化学方法确定新皂甙的结构为2α,21β-二羟基常春藤皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙,命名为丝瓜皂甙R。     

棒烷肽抗生素G0069A的抗肿瘤作用

体外用MTT法和动物移植性肿瘤模型研究棒烷肽抗生素G0069A的抗肿瘤活性。结果表明,G0069A对多药抗药性肿瘤细胞显示高度的杀伤活性,与阿霉素、长春新碱无交叉抗药性。G0069A经iv或ip给药对小鼠肉瘤180和肝癌22有显著疗效;用小鼠可耐受剂量,对肉瘤180和肝癌22的抑制率分别达87%和74%。提示G0069A是天然来源的具有明显抗肿瘤作用的棒烷肽。     

蝙蝠葛碱和粉防己碱对[~3H]WEB 2086与体外牛脑前动脉平滑肌细胞结合的影响(英文)

用标记的血小板活化因子拮抗剂[~3H]WEB 2086,在培养的牛脑前动脉平滑肌细胞上鉴定了血小板活化因子受体。结果表明在25℃时该细胞上存在两种与配基具有不同亲和力的受体结合位点,其中K_(d-1)=22.8±5.0 nmol·L~(-1),K_(d-2)=186+20.5 nmol·L~(-1);B_(max-1)=2.1±0.3 pmol/10~4细胞,B_(max-2)=12.1±1-5 pmol/10~6细胞。蝙蝠葛碱和粉防己碱均能抑制[~3H]WEB2086与上述细胞的结合。     

抗心肌缺血药3-{4-[(2-羟基-3-烷氨基)丙氧基]苯基(苄基)}-取代4(3H)-喹唑酮的合成

In order to search for effective antimyocardial ischemic agents, fourteen new 3 4-[(3-alkylamino-2-hydroxy)propoxy] phenyl(benzyl)]-substituted 4(3H)-quin zolinones (Ⅱ) were synthesized. Substituted o-aminobenzoic acids used as the starting materials were allowed to react with acetic anhydride and then p-aminophenol (method A), or with N- (4- hydroxyphenyl)formamide (method B), or with thionyl chloride and then N - (4 - hydroxybenzyl) formamide (methode C) to form 3-[(4-hydroxyphenyl(benzyl)]-substituted 4(3H)-quinazolinones (Ⅲ). The intermediate Ⅲ reacted with epichiorohydrin to form the epoxides (Ⅳ). The reaction of Ⅳ with an excess of isopropylamine or tert-butylamine in boiling chloroform gave the desired products. Of all the compounds synthesized, Compounds Ⅱ_3～5 and Ⅱ₁₃ were found to increase the tolerance of mice to hypoxia. Further evaluation is in progress.     

Phonological awareness and early reading skills in children with cochlear implants

Abstract

This paper summarizes findings from a population study on outcomes of children with hearing loss in Australia, the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment (http://www.outcomes.nal.gov.au) study. Children were evaluated at several intervals using standardized tests, and the relationship between a range of predictors and the outcomes was examined. This paper reports the performance of children with cochlear implants at 5 years of age together with factors predicting word reading ability. Earlier age at cochlear implantation was significantly associated with better word reading ability, after controlling for the effects of language, receptive vocabulary, nonverbal cognitive ability, and device configuration.     

Successful emergency endovascular treatment of juxtarenal and infrarental mycotic aortic aneurysms in patients with small diameter aortae using Cook? Zenith ESLE Stentgrafts

BACKGROUND:

Endovascular repair of mycotic aneurysm is an alternative to open repair if the patho-anatomy is suitable. The aortic size above and below the mycotic aneurysm may be small.

METHODS:

A retrospective review was made of prospectively collected departmental computerised database.

RESULTS:

Three oriental patients with juxta- and infra-renal mycotic aortic aneurysms with a small aortic diameter of 17 mm to 18 mm underwent successful emergency endovascular treatment using Cook^® Zenith ESLE stentgrafts. These are ancillary devices aimed at iliac extensions usually.

CONCLUSION:

This is to our knowledge the first case series of Cook^® Zenith ESLE iliac component endografts for the treatment of aortic mycotic aneurysms with small aortae, and short- and mid-term results are encouraging.KEY WORDS: Endovascular, Mycotic, Small aorta, Oversizing, Cook^®, Zenith ESLE Stentgrafts     

Caffeine inhibits the viability and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

Background and purpose:

Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is the signal transduction enzyme most responsible for mediating the effects of nitric oxide (NO). Recently, NO-independent small molecule activators of sGC have been developed that have promising clinical activities. We have shown that the secreted matrix protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) binds to CD47 and potently inhibits NO stimulation of sGC in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and platelets. Here we show that TSP-1 signalling via CD47 inhibits sGC activation by NO-independent sGC activating small molecules.

Experimental approach:

Vascular smooth muscle cells and washed human platelets were pretreated with TSP-1 (2.2 nM) in the presence of haeme-dependent sGC activators (YC-1, BAY 41-2272), and a haeme-independent activator (meso-porphyrin IX), and cGMP levels were measured. The effect of sGC activators on platelet aggregation and contraction of VSMC embedded in collagen gels was also assayed in the presence and absence of TSP-1.

Key results:

Thrombospondin-1 inhibited sGC activator-dependent increase in cGMP in VSMC and platelets. TSP-1 pretreatment also inhibited the ability of these agents to delay thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. TSP-1 pretreatment reduced the ability of sGC activating agents to abrogate VSMC contraction in vitro.

Conclusions and implications:

This work demonstrates that TSP-1 is a universal inhibitor of sGC, blocking both haeme-dependent and haeme-independent activation. These data coupled with the reported increases in TSP-1 with age, diabetes, ischaemia/reperfusion, and atherosclerosis implies that the therapeutic potential of all drugs that activate sGC could be compromised in disease states where TSP-1/CD47 signalling is elevated.