改良Indiana膀胱术的远期疗效观察

目的:评价改良Indiana膀胱术的远期疗效.方法:对26例改良Indiana膀胱术术后患者的膀胱可控性、尿动力学、肾盂输尿管扩张、上尿路感染情况、血清电解质和肾功能进行随访.结果:26例随访1～7年,平均3年.白天可控率96.2%;贮尿囊容量为380～640 ml,平均542 ml;贮尿囊内压力为1.215～3.224 kPa,平均1.921 kPa.B超、IVP造影示3 例输尿管扩张,经随访无加重.血清电解质及肾功能正常.结论:改良Indiana膀胱术远期疗效可靠,并发症少,是一种较理想的尿路分流术式.     

髌骨关节面的应用解剖学研究

本文利用150例髌骨(干燥髌骨100例,福尔马林固定膝关节内的髌骨50例)观测了髌骨关节面和关节软骨的形态及其与股骨内外侧髁关节面在屈膝0～135度范围的对应关系。结果发现中间纵嵴向后突起并由下向上逐渐变凸占100％;内侧纵嵴明显突起者占62％,此时其髌骨内侧部关节面与股骨关节面之间的间隙较大;在膝关节屈曲过程申两关节面接触的顺序为髌骨关节面自下而上、股骨内外侧关节面从前向后相对滑动,伸膝时则相反;髌骨关节面的表面积为1019±20(650～1540)mm~2。并讨论了髌骨关节面的解剖学特点及其临床意义。     

A promising technique for transplantation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells into rat heart.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of intracoronary application of endothelial progenitor cells and the subsequent distribution within the heart. METHODS: Endothelial progenitors cells (EPCs) cultured from rat bone marrow were identified by double-positive staining with Dil-Ac-LDL and BS1-lectin. Twenty-four hours before cell transplantation, EPCs were labeled with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Cells (5 x 10(5) in 250-microl medium) were injected into healthy rats, either as intracoronary application (n=11) or as intramyocardial injection (n = 6). At 15 min or 3 days posttransplantation, hearts as well as other organs (lung, liver, kidney, and spleen) were collected and processed for subsequent BrdU immunohistochemistry. The number of BrdU-positive cells per tissue area was counted. RESULTS: Compared to intramyocardial injection, intracoronary administration resulted in more than twice as much positive cells in the heart (P < .05), with no local differences within the heart. Whereas after 15 min, EPCs were equally distributed in all examined organs (except for the spleen), cells that were still present after 3 days, approximately 10%, were selectively restricted to the heart. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the intracoronary application provides a promising technique for EPC transplantation in the rat heart.     

Effect of Renal Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Tiagabine

Summary: Purpose: We wished to determine the effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of the new antiepileptic drug tiagabine (TGB).
Methods: We assessed TGB pharmacokinetics and tolerability in 25 subjects with various degrees of renal function (based on creatinine clearance, n = 4–6 per group) from healthy (group I) to requiring hemodialysis (group V) in a single and multiple dose (every 12h), one-period (groups I-IV) or a single dose, two-period (group V) study (4-mg oral doses of TGB · HCl). Blood samples were collected after the first dose (both periods for group V) and after the last dose on day 5 (groups I-IV). TGB plasma concentrations and plasma protein binding were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultrafiltration, respectively.
Results: TGB was well tolerated by all study subjects. The pharmacokinetics of TGB were similar in all subjects; no pharmacokinetic parameter (based on either total or unbound concentrations) was statistically correlated with creatinine clearance. For total TGB in plasma, single-dose mean values of the maximum plasma concentration, clearance, and half-life (t1/2) ranged from 52 to 108 ng/ml, from 7.14 to 11.02 I/h, and from 6.4 to 8.4 h, respectively.
Conclusions: TGB pharmacokinetics and tolerability were independent of renal function; therefore, dosage adjustment is unnecessary for epilepsy patients with renal impairment.     

垂体腺瘤的CT诊断(附60例分析)

分析了60例垂体腺瘤的CT表现。1例垂体微腺瘤缺乏特异性征象,59例大腺瘤大多数表现典型,诊断依据为肿瘤位置和蝶鞍改变。垂体腺瘤的形态学表现无特异性。应加强对垂体瘤卒中和侵袭征象的认识。对成人鞍区肿瘤的鉴别诊断进行了简短讨论。     

A study on the literature on sheng mai powder of past dynasties

Our study reveals that the earliest historical records of Sheng Mai Powder are found in "Yixue qiyuan" ("Origins of Medicine"), a medical book written by Zhang Yuansu and published in the beginning of 1186, 45 years earlier than the latest edition of "Neiwai shangbian huolun" ("Treaties on the identification of Internal Diseases and External Damages"), written by Li Gao in 1231. The study also suggests that the assertion of Sheng Mai Powder to be inaugurated by Sun Simiao is groundless.     

Technical quality evaluation of EEG recording based on electroencephalographers' knowledge

The aim of this study is to develop a technical quality evaluation system of electroencephalogram (EEG) recording in order to acquire technically satisfactory EEG records, which may contribute to the accuracy improvement of EEG interpretation. In our developed system, the evaluation of EEG recording comprises the detection of technical artifacts and physiological status, which indicates the recording status objectively. In addition, the caution signals to users are generated in the system according to the undesired status detected. The information displayed to users includes the updated EEG records and instant evaluation results. Two examples of evaluation results are introduced in this paper, illustrating unsatisfactory records and artifact free records, respectively. The experimental results are proposed to verify the effectiveness of the technical quality evaluation of EEG recording. The implementation of the technical quality evaluation of EEG recording is helpful to acquire technically satisfactory EEG records, which may improve the accuracy of results in both the visual and the automatic EEG interpretation, and ease the laborious work of EEG technicians in the recording progress.     

中药灵芝对健康人甲襞微循环的作用

系统观察５７例健康人口服灵芝（灵芝多糖体５５ｍｇ／片）前后甲襞微循环的变化。结果显示：服药前后大、小动脉血压无显著变化；口服灵芝３天后输入枝口径及输出枝口径均有明显扩张；管袢密度、红细胞流速增加不显著。口服灵芝７天的动态变化显示，服药８ｈ后输入枝、输出枝口径即有显著扩张，第７天管袢密度开始明显增加。服用不同剂量灵芝（２片、４片、８片，３次／日）３ｈ后，管袢密度、输入枝、输出枝口径、流速均有增加趋向，但Ｐ＞０．０５，其中８片组管袢口径、管袢密度有显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），但红细胞流速却有显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示：连续、适量（２片，３次～４次／日）服用灵芝，可显著改善微循环灌流量，从而改善和保护组织及脏器功能。