全文获取类型
收费全文 | 246篇 |
免费 | 17篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 12篇 |
妇产科学 | 8篇 |
基础医学 | 15篇 |
口腔科学 | 5篇 |
临床医学 | 27篇 |
内科学 | 77篇 |
皮肤病学 | 5篇 |
神经病学 | 21篇 |
特种医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 36篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
预防医学 | 4篇 |
药学 | 12篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 31篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 2篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 6篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 1篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 4篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 11篇 |
1957年 | 11篇 |
1956年 | 9篇 |
1955年 | 5篇 |
1954年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有263条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
22.
Efficacy and safety of laparoscopic surgery for pheochromocytoma 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
YUKIO NAYA TOMOHIKO ICHIKAWA HIROYOSHI SUZUKI AKIRA KOMIYA MAKI NAGATA TAKESHI UEDA KUNIO YAMAGUCHI HARUO ITO 《International journal of urology》2005,12(2):128-133
OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic surgery for primary aldosteronoma and Cushing's syndrome is well established. We report on our experiences with laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma, and assess the efficacy and safety of the laparoscopic approach. METHODS: Between April 1998 and April 2003, a total of 23 patients underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma at Chiba University Hospital and Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Japan. We compared the surgical outcomes of these patients with those of 106 patients with adrenal tumors due to other pathologies who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy during the same period. RESULTS: The mean tumor size of pheochromocytoma was 4.96 cm. Mean operative time was 192.7 min, and mean estimated blood loss was 130 mL. Neither mean operative time nor mean estimated blood loss was greater for patients with pheochromocytoma. Intraoperative hypertension (systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg) occurred in 39.1% (9/23) of patients with pheochromocytoma. During the follow-up period, there were no mortalities or recurrences of endocrinopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma is a safe and minimally invasive procedure. 相似文献
23.
目的 探讨在肝移植的自发耐受模型中,调节性CD4^+T细胞的免疫抑制作用机制。方法 利用近交系大鼠从Lewis(LEW)到Wistar Furth(WF)的肝移植组合,对移植后不同时期的宿主注射抗CD4的单克隆抗体(Anti-CD4mAb),然后抽血检测丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)的动态变化;并结合细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)试验了解宿主脾细胞中T细胞亚群的动态改变。结果 对肝移植自然生存的宿主注射Afiti—CD4mAb后,术后第21天、42天均能够诱导出肝损害(排斥反应),但第56天、100天以上的则未能诱导出来,且该损害能被抗CD8单克隆抗体阻断。另外CTL试验显示宿主的脾细胞中,初始型CTL前体细胞在移植56d后未能检测出来。结论 在自发性肝耐受模型中。宿主术后早期存在由CD4^+T细胞介导的下调原始效应性T细胞的作用机制。 相似文献
24.
25.
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
TERUO NAKAJIMA MD MICHIHIKO NAKAMURA MD CHIAKI TAGA MD SAKAE YAMAGAMI MD NOBUO KIRIIKE MD TOSHIHIKO NAGATA MD MASAMI SAITOH MD TOSHIHIKO KINOSHITA MD YOSHIYASU OKAJIMA MD MASANORI HANADA MD HIROYASU TAZOE MD KENYA YAMAGUCHI MD 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》1995,49(2):121-126
Abstract The reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (JY-BOCS) were determined by 20 raters for 12 Japanese patients with obsessive compulsive disorder at four institutions. Interrater reliability for the total JY-BOCS score was excellent, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was high (ICC = 0.960). Internal consistency was also excellent (Cronbach's α= 0.889). Concurrent and discriminant validity of the JY-BOCS was examined by comparing the scores on the JY-BOCS with those on the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and scales for depression and anxiety. A slight correlation was found between scores on the JY-BOCS and MOCI, but no significant correlations were found between scores on the JY-BOCS and those on scales for depression or anxiety. 相似文献
26.
27.
Cytoskeletal protein abnormalities in patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy — an immunocytochemical and Gallyas silver impregnation study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K. KOBAYASHI K. MIYAZU K. KATSUKAWA† Y. FUKUTANI† M. MUKAI‡ I. NAKAMURA§ N. YAMAGUCHI R. MATSUBARA‡ K. ISAKI‡ 《Neuropathology and applied neurobiology》1992,18(3):237-249
A highly sensitive silver technique for glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCI) in olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) was applied to tissues from 15 patients with neurodegenerative disorders including OPCA, Joseph disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's chorea, Pick disease and three control non-neurological subjects. Brain tissue from both OPCA and AD impregnated positively. Neurons, astroglia and oligodendroglia in the putamen, pontine nucleus and inferior olivary nucleus all impregnated in addition to white matter oligodendroglia. Neuronal inclusions in the pontine nucleus appeared as compact or fibrillary masses, and GCI-bearing oligodendroglia and astrocytes showed homogeneously impregnated somata. The myelinated pontocerebellar tract and the white matter surrounding the inferior olivary nucleus contained a small number of impregnated nerve fibres with a hollow structure, which resembled the myelin sheath. Immunocytochemical studies to clarify these argyrophilic structures in the OPCA subjects employed paired helical filament (PHF), microtubule associated proteins (MAPs), MAP1, MAP2, MAP5, tau, ubiquitin, neurofilament (200 or 70 kilodaltons) and myelin basic protein (MBP) antisera. GCI-bearing white matter oligodendroglia expressed PHF, tau, MAP5 and ubiquitin immunoreactives and non-argyrophilic astroglia were positive for MAP5 antiserum alone. In the putamen, pontine nuclei and inferior olivary nuclei, impregnated neurons as well as the GCI-bearing oligodendroglia immunostained with PHF, tau, MAP5 and ubiquitin antisera and impregnated astroglia were also immunoreactive to these antisera except for being tau negative in the putamen. Silver impregnated nerve fibres showed only MBP immunoreactivity. These findings indicate that the argyrophilia in the OPCA subjects closely correlates with PHF and tau immunoreactivities. 相似文献
28.
Chronic Pelvic Ischemia: Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS): A New Target for Pharmacological Treatment?
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Lower urinary tract symptoms.》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
The incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms, including overactive bladder (OAB), is continuing to rise, and is associated with a negative impact on quality of life and a heavy economic burden. A major risk factor for OAB is advancing age. The etiology of OAB is multifactorial and appears to involve myogenic, neurogenic, and urotheliogenic factors. In this article, we review the strengthening preclinical evidence supporting the contribution of chronic pelvic ischemia to the pathogenesis of OAB. In animal models, chronic ischemia induced by arterial injury and a high‐fat diet upregulates markers of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the urothelium and lamina propria, and leads to increased expression of nerve growth factor. These processes result in increased afferent activity and an increased frequency of micturition, reflecting a state of bladder hyperactivity. In severe, prolonged cases, bladder overactivity may develop into underactivity. Antimuscarinic therapies are the mainstay of OAB treatment, but their usefulness is limited by modest efficacy and troublesome side‐effects. Our increasing understanding of the contribution of chronic ischemia to OAB is leading toward novel therapeutic options targeting chronic pelvic ischemia and its morphological, functional, and oxidative consequences. Preclinical trials have demonstrated encouraging results with α1‐adrenoreceptor blockade, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibition, β3‐adrenoreceptor agonism, free radical scavenging, and stem cell therapy, in preventing morphological, biochemical and functional changes induced by chronic bladder ischemia. 相似文献
29.
Yoshikazu KAWAKAMI Etsuro YAMAGUCHI Mitsuru MUNAKATA Hirotoshi DOSAKA-AKITA Ken FURUYA 《Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)》1997,2(2):81-90
The recent progress in molecular biology has led to the elucidation of pathogenesis of lung cancer. The development of a lung cancer requires multiple genetic changes, consisting of the activation of oncogenes, including the K-ras and myc genes, and of inactivation of tumour suppressor genes, including the Rb, p53 and CDKN2 genes. Knowing the specific genes undergoing such changes should be useful as biomarkers for the early detection of cells destined to become malignant. Moreover, such genetic changes could be targets of newly designed drugs and gene-based therapy. Although the angiotensin I-converting enzyme was originally discovered in equine plasma, it has been recognized in various organs and cells other than vascular endothelial cells. This enzyme is also known to have wide substrate specificity to many peptides. The definite roles of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in the respiratory system are largely unknown. Recent progress in molecular biology of the ACE, however, gives us a good chance to look over the significance of ACE in respiratory diseases as well as cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we show the recent advances in the basic studies of the ACE and refer to its clinical application. 相似文献
30.
Kenji INA Kimitomo MORISE Kenshou CHIN Makoto HAYAKAWA Naoto MAMIYA Tetsu SAKAI Hirofumi NAGAI Takeo YAMAGUCHI Toshihiro MATSUURA Masataka SHINODA Atsuo KUROIWA Jun-ichi HARUTA Yoh HORIUCHI Atsushi FURUSAWA Kazuhiro KANYAMA Hiroaki IWASE Kazuo KUSUGAMI Hideyo TAKAHASHI 《Digestive endoscopy》1993,5(1):79-85
Abstract: Two patients with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen are described, The first patient was a 52-year-old male who presented with bloody stools and was diagnosed as having primary PCI. The second was a 61-year-old male whose occupation entailed prolonged exposure to trichloroethylene. Following hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the colonic gas cysts completely disappeared in both patients, and there has been no evidence of recurrence. The relevant literature from 1980 to 1992 is reviewed, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for PCI is discussed in detail. The data accumulated thus far suggest that hyperbaric oxygen is superior to high-flow oxygen breathing in PCI therapy. 相似文献