Rational design of M–N4–Gr/V2C heterostructures as highly active ORR catalysts: a density functional theory study

Inspired by the composites of N-doped graphene and transition metal-based materials as well as MXene-based materials, heterostructures (M–N₄–Gr/V₂C) of eight different transition metals (M = Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) doped with nitrogen-coordinated graphene and V₂C as potential catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) using density functional theory (DFT) were designed and are described herein. The calculations showed that the heterostructure catalysts (except for Zn–N₄–Gr/V₂C) were thermodynamically stable. Ni–N₄–Gr/V₂C and Co–N₄–Gr/V₂C showed higher activities towards the ORR, with overpotentials as low as 0.32 and 0.45 V, respectively. Excellent catalytic performance results were observed from the change in electronic structure caused by the strong interaction between V₂C and the graphene layers as well as the synergistic effect between the MN₄ groups and the graphene layers. This study further provides insights into the practical application of ORR catalysts for MXene systems through the modulation of the electronic structure of two-dimensional materials.

Heterostructures (M-N₄-Gr/V₂C) of eight different transition metals (M = Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) were designed as potential catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR).     

应用ATPase组化法及TEM法对皮肤癣菌病患者表皮郎格罕细胞的观察

本文应用ATPase组化方法首次对30例皮肤癣菌病患者皮损表皮及70例对照者相应部位表皮作了郎格罕细胞(LC)观察,并对其中3例患者及1例对照者表皮LC作了透射电镜(TEM)观察。结果发现患者表皮LC形态改变、数量减少或消失及细胞超微结构受损;且上述改变程度随病变范围扩大及病程延长而加重。本文首次提出LC与皮肤癣菌病的免疫病理改变有密切关系,可能皮肤癣菌的入侵使表皮LC受损,从而干扰了T淋巴细胞诱导的机体对病原体的清除功能。本文还讨论了两种方法的注意点。     

辽宁省农村幽门螺杆菌根除术利用情况分析

目的了解辽宁省农村幽门螺杆菌(Hp)根除术利用情况。方法采取随机抽样的方法,在辽宁省庄河、本溪两县调查540例慢性胃病患者及78名医生对Hp根治疗法的知晓和利用情况。结果两县慢性胃病患者及医生对Hp根治疗法知晓率分别为4·4%和78·9%,两县患者对Hp根治法的知晓率间差异有显著性意义(P<0·05),两县医生对Hp根治疗法的知晓率间差异无显著性意义(P>0·05),两县患者的Hp根治疗法使用率间差异无显著性意义(P>0·05),但两县医生Hp根治疗法的使用率间差异有显著性意义(P<0·05)。结论辽宁省农村大多数慢性胃病患者不了解Hp感染与慢性胃病的关系,且医生对Hp根治疗法的知晓率和使用率较低,故Hp根治疗法的普及亟待提高。     

2008 — 2017年中国手足口病流行趋势和病原变化动态数列分析

  目的  分析2013 — 2018年郴州市手足口病流行特征及EV71疫苗接种效果,为控制手足口病的流行提供科学依据。  方法  收集2013 — 2018年郴州市手足口病发病监测和EV71疫苗接种资料,EV-A71、CV-A16和其他HEV病原检测采用实时荧光定量反转录聚合酶链反应。结果中计数资料的统计分析用χ²检验,P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。  结果  2013 — 2018年郴州市手足口病累计报告发病数55 026例,其中重症病例91例（死亡病例12例）;年均报告发病率为195.5/10万（154.5/10万～256.9/10万）。发病具有明显的季节性,呈双高峰分布,主要集中在5 — 6月,9 — 11月再次小幅度上升;3岁及以下儿童病例占86.8 %;男性多于女性,为1.7 : 1。地区分布以安仁、临武和北湖等县（区）为主,桂东县最低。手足口病病例、重症病例、聚集性疫情的病原体型别构成多样。郴州市2016 — 2018年共131 075人接种了EV71疫苗,接种人群接种EV71疫苗前后手足口病重症病例的发生率有统计学意义。  结论  郴州市手足口病疫情依然严重,3岁及以下儿童（特别是男性）是重点防控人群。疾病病原谱复杂。EV71疫苗的接种能有效防控同类型病毒感染发病和降低重症病例发生。     

34例小切口不停跳手术治疗先心病的护理配合

总结34例微创小切口不停跳体外循环下行房、室缺修补术的配合体会。认为做好手术配合中特殊环节的管理,即转流前、中、后的用药和手术配合特点。在保证患者安全的基础上使切口蔓观,缩短手术时间。以适应现代外科技术的发展需要。     

Role of arachidonoylethanolamine in blood pressure regulation in volume-resistant patients on peritoneal dialysis

In this study we explored the possible role of arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) in regulating blood pressure in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). One hundred and five patients on CAPD were enrolled. Volume status was evaluated by the overhydration (OH) value obtained by bioimpedance analysis. OH?<?2.0?kg was defined as normal volume (NV) and OH????2.0?kg as high volume (HV). Home mean systolic blood pressure <130?mmHg was defined as controlled hypertension (CHT) and ??130?mmHg as uncontrolled hypertension (UHT). The patients were divided into four subgroups: (1) controlled hypertension with normal volume (CHT-NV), (2) controlled hypertension with high volume (CHT-HV), (3) uncontrolled hypertension with normal volume (UHT-NV), and (4) uncontrolled hypertension with high volume (UHT-HV). AEA was measured by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. AEA was significantly higher in the HV group as compared with the NV group (P?<?0.05). In addition, AEA was also significantly higher in the CHT-HV group as compared with the UHT-NV group (P?<?0.05). These results may suggest a compensatory function of AEA and TRPV1 pathway to lower blood pressure during volume expansion in CAPD patients.     

转化生长因子(TGF-β1)mRNA在放射性间质性肺炎中的表达

为探讨ＴＧＦ－β１在放射性间质性肺炎中的意义和作用，揭示其发病机理。方法雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠４８只分对照和照射组用６０Ｃｏγ射线照射，吸收剂量３０Ｇｙ，于照后不同时间活杀，取肺组织做常规病理观察和原位杂交。结果照射组大鼠肺组织ＴＧＦ－β１和正常对照组比较表达增高，且以照射后３～６个月（纤维增生期）显著。结论ＴＧＦ－β１可能参与了放射性间质性肺炎的发生发展     

Determination of Fatty Acid Levels in Erythrocyte Membranes of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Abstract

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an illness characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue, often accompanied by numerous symptoms involving various systems of whole body. The etiology of CFS remains unclear. Literature reported whether the concentrations of the essential fatty acids in red cell membranes of CFS patients were decreased is controversial. In our study, Forty-two patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria defined by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Thirty-seven age- and sex-matched controls were selected from healthy medical staffs and volunteers. After lipid analysis, we found that the levels of the arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) were decreased in patients suffered from CFS. However, the levels of the palmitic acid and oleic acid were increased. We speculated that there are two possible mechanisms--one of which is that oxidative stress has led to an excessive oxidation and resulting in the above fatty acids. Alternatively, insufficiency of ingestion of fatty acids might not be the major cause.     

臀筋膜间室综合征

目的:探讨臀筋膜间室综合征的发病机理,临床特点和手术治疗。方法:对4例臀筋膜室综合征病人进行减压治疗。结果:2例6小时内减压术后无后遗症,2例超过6小时减压遗留臀肌挛缩症、足下垂。结论:醉酒后臀部较长时间受压是GCS的主要病因,临床表现为臀部张力性包块、臀和髋关节疼痛并向小腿放射、踝反射和伸长肌肌力伸减弱,应尽早手术、彻底减压。