Performance of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Postprandial Urine Glucose in Screening for Diabetes in Chinese High-risk Population

Background:

The conventional approaches to diabetes screening are potentially limited by poor compliance and laboratory demand. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial urine glucose (PUG) in screening for diabetes in Chinese high-risk population.

Methods:

Nine hundred and nine subjects with high-risk factors of diabetes underwent oral glucose tolerance test after an overnight fast. FPG, hemoglobin A1c, 2-h plasma glucose (2 h-PG), and 2 h-PUG were evaluated. Diabetes and prediabetes were defined by the American Diabetes Association criteria. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 2 h-PUG, and the optimal cut-off determined to provide the largest Youden index. Spearman correlation was used for relationship analysis.

Results:

Among 909 subjects, 33.4% (304/909) of subjects had prediabetes, and 17.2% (156/909) had diabetes. The 2 h-PUG was positively related to FPG and 2 h-PG (r = 0.428 and 0.551, respectively, both P < 0.001). For estimation of 2 h-PG ≥ 7.8 mmol/L and 2 h-PG ≥ 11.1 mmol/L using 2 h-PUG, the area under the ROC curve were 0.772 (95% confidence interval [CI ]: 0.738–0.806) and 0.885 (95% CI: 0.850–0.921), respectively. The corresponding optimal cut-offs for 2 h-PUG were 5.6 mmol/L and 7.5 mmol/L, respectively. Compared with FPG alone, FPG combined with 2 h-PUG had a higher sensitivity for detecting glucose abnormalities (84.1% vs. 73.7%, P < 0.001) and diabetes (82.7% vs. 48.1%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

FPG combined with 2 h-PUG substantially improves the sensitivity in detecting prediabetes and diabetes relative to FPG alone, and may represent an efficient layperson-oriented diabetes screening method.     

MRI Evaluation of Lateral Geniculate Body in Normal Aging Brain Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping

Objective To investigate the changes of lateral geniculate body(LGB) in the normal aging brain using quantitative susceptibility mapping(QSM) technique. Methods Magnetic resonance(MR) phase and magnitude images were acquired from enhanced gradient echo T2 star weighted angiography sequence with 16 echoes on 3.0T MR system using the head coil with 32 channels. Morphology Enabled Dipole Inversion(MEDI) method was applied for QSM, and the susceptibility value of LGB was measured by region of interest(ROI) drawn manually on three orthogonal planes. Results LGB of the middle-aged group had a higher susceptibility value(0.16±0.05 ppm) than that of the youth group(0.12±0.05 ppm) and elderly group(0.13±0.03 ppm)(all P<0.05). Partial correlation analysis demonstrated that there was significantly positive correlation between susceptibility value and age in the youth group(r=0.71, P<0.05). Conclusion LGB could clearly be identified on QSM in the brain in vivo.     

P波持续时间及E/e’对导管射频消融术后心房颤动复发的预测价值

目的探讨P波持续时间(P wave duration,PWD)及E/e'对导管射频消融(Radiofrequency catheter ablation,RFCA)术后心房纤颤(房颤)(Atrial fibrillation,AF)复发的预测价值。方法连续入组2018年7月至2019年3月于徐州医科大学附属医院心内科行首次环肺静脉隔离(Pulmonary vein isolation,PVI)的房颤患者61例,所有患者均在CARTO 3系统引导下完成环肺静脉隔离(PVI)并成功恢复窦性心律,术后定期随访,观察患者是否有房颤复发。根据术后随访的结果,将患者分为复发组和成功组,探讨PWD及E/e'与房颤RFCA术后复发的关系。结果本研究RFCA术后平均随访6月,导管射频消融术后6月房颤复发14例,成功组47例。①复发组和成功组平均P波持续时间(mPWD)分别为:(141.93±16.75)ms和(118.55±13.75)ms,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复发组和成功组E/e'分别为(15.61±4.11)和(10.53±3.03),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②二元Logistic多因素回归分析显示,mPWD和E/e'可作为RFCA术后房颤复发的独立预测因素,OR值及95%可信区间分别为1.078,1.021~1.138,P=0.006和1.420,1.094~1.843,P=0.008。③分别绘制ROC曲线显示,mPWD和E/e'预测导管射频消融术后房颤复发的最佳截止值分别为127.5 ms和12,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)及95%可信区间(CI)分别是:0.870,0.773~0.951和0.846,0.738~0.958,敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确度分别为:85.7%,78.7%,54.5%,94.9%,80.3%和85.7%,72.3%,48.0%,94.4%,75.4%。结论PWD和E/e'可作为RFCA术后AF复发的独立预测因素。PWD>127.5 ms、E/e'>12的患者RFCA术后AF复发风险增高。     

2型糖尿病患者睡眠质量与D型人格的关系

睡眠质量的好坏对个体的生理和心理健康产生直接影响,人格倾向与睡眠质量之间有显著关系,前者能够对后者产生重要的影响。我们通过问卷调查形式了解2型糖尿病患者睡眠情况及D型人格发生状况,并探讨两者之间的关系。问卷调查采用D型人格量表、匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表,结果显示D型人格组睡眠质量各维度得分均高于非D型人格组;除催眠药物使用外,两组睡眠质量其他维度得分差异均有统计学意义,提示2型糖尿病患者睡眠障碍可能与D型人格有关,制订干预方案时需考虑人格特征。     

Preparation and electrochemical performance of VO2(A) hollow spheres as a cathode for aqueous zinc ion batteries

Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), owing to their low-cost zinc metal, high safety and nontoxic aqueous electrolyte, have the potential to accelerate the development of large-scale energy storage applications. However, the desired development is significantly restricted by cathode materials, which are hampered by the intense charge repulsion of bivalent Zn²⁺. Herein, the as-prepared VO₂(A) hollow spheres via a feasible hydrothermal reaction exhibit superior zinc ion storage performance, large reversible capacity of 357 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹, high rate capability of 165 mA h g⁻¹ at 10 A g⁻¹ and good cycling stability with a capacity retention of 76% over 500 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. Our study not only provides the possibility of the practical application of ZIBs, but also brings a new prospect of designing high-performance cathode materials.

VO₂(A) hollow spheres exhibit superior zinc ion storage performance, large reversible capacity of 357 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹, and good cycling stability with a capacity retention of 76% over 500 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹     

Cribriform Morular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Patient with an Incidental Neck Lump: a Case Report and Review of the Literature

The cribriform morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CMV-PTC) is a rare morphologic entity that is associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). We report a case of a young lady with an incidentally discovered right-sided neck nodule on ultrasonography with a diagnosis of CMV-PTC confirmed on thyroidectomy and review the literature associated with the clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, pathological findings and the association with FAP.     

Assessing the practice of data quality evaluation in a national clinical data research network through a systematic scoping review in the era of real-world data

ObjectiveTo synthesize data quality (DQ) dimensions and assessment methods of real-world data, especially electronic health records, through a systematic scoping review and to assess the practice of DQ assessment in the national Patient-centered Clinical Research Network (PCORnet).Materials and MethodsWe started with 3 widely cited DQ literature—2 reviews from Chan et al (2010) and Weiskopf et al (2013a) and 1 DQ framework from Kahn et al (2016)—and expanded our review systematically to cover relevant articles published up to February 2020. We extracted DQ dimensions and assessment methods from these studies, mapped their relationships, and organized a synthesized summarization of existing DQ dimensions and assessment methods. We reviewed the data checks employed by the PCORnet and mapped them to the synthesized DQ dimensions and methods.ResultsWe analyzed a total of 3 reviews, 20 DQ frameworks, and 226 DQ studies and extracted 14 DQ dimensions and 10 assessment methods. We found that completeness, concordance, and correctness/accuracy were commonly assessed. Element presence, validity check, and conformance were commonly used DQ assessment methods and were the main focuses of the PCORnet data checks.DiscussionDefinitions of DQ dimensions and methods were not consistent in the literature, and the DQ assessment practice was not evenly distributed (eg, usability and ease-of-use were rarely discussed). Challenges in DQ assessments, given the complex and heterogeneous nature of real-world data, exist.ConclusionThe practice of DQ assessment is still limited in scope. Future work is warranted to generate understandable, executable, and reusable DQ measures.