乌头碱、新乌头碱及次乌头碱对心肌细胞钙释放的影响

目的：探讨乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱对心肌细胞钙释放的影响。方法分离的成年Sprague-Dawley大鼠左心室心肌细胞分别使用0.3、1、3μmol/L乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱溶液灌流12 min,灌流后4、8、12 min时检测自发性钙释放(SCR)诱发率以及舒张末期钙浓度(F0)、钙瞬变幅度(ΔF)的变化。检测灌流0.3μmol/L乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱溶液后12 min,心肌细胞发挥正性肌力作用时钙瞬变和收缩功能动力学指标的变化。结果乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱均可诱发SCR,0.3μmol/L时新乌头碱SCR诱发率最高,3μmol/L时乌头碱SCR诱发率最高。与对照组比较,给药后12 min,3μmol/L乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱均可增加 F0[(1.459±0.379)、(1.585±0.493)、(1.213±0.254)比(1.079±0.108)]、ΔF[(1.615±0.455)、(2.210±0.756)、(1.528±0.422)比(1.036±0.125)],差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);且新乌头碱ΔF高于乌头碱和次乌头碱(P均＜0.05)。与对照组比较,0.3μmol/L乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱均可增加ΔF[(0.409±0.127)、(0.423±0.107)、(0.414±0.118)比(0.260±0.065);P＜0.05或P＜0.01]、收缩幅度[(5.464±2.239)%、(7.449±2.548)%、(5.524±1.645)%比(3.428±0.911)%;P＜0.05或 P＜0.01],延长钙瞬变达峰时间[(0.041±0.016)s、(0.039±0.009)s、(0.038±0.011)s 比(0.032±0.007)s;P＜0.05或P＜0.01];与乌头碱组比较,新乌头碱和次乌头碱可降低钙瞬变消除时间常数[(0.301±0.054)s、(0.324±0.064)s 比(0.361±0.076)s;P＜0.05或P＜0.01],缩短舒张期收缩恢复至50%时的时间[(0.124±0.035)s、(0.126±0.040)s 比(0.157±0.056)s;P＜0.05或 P＜0.01]。结论乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱的正性肌力作用与毒性效应同时存在,表明心肌细胞内钙浓度升高是产生正性肌力作用的有利因素,也是诱发SCR的危险因素。     

Buyang Huanwu Decoction promotes growth and differentiation of neural progenitor cells: using a serum pharmacological method

Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been developed as a drug to be used for treatment of stroke for hundreds of years. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, a serum pharmacological method was employed to investigate the effects of BYHWD on growth and differentiation of cultured neural progenitor cells derived from embryonic hippocampus. In culture medium containing BYHWD, the average neurite length of neural progenitor cells grew significantly longer than in control serum without BYHWD. Moreover, more neurofilament (NF) positive cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive cells were detected in the presence of BYHWD. The concentration of intracellular Ca(2+) in progenitor cells cultured with BYHWD was significantly lower than that cultured without BYHWD. These results suggest that BYHWD may promote growth and differentiation of neural progenitor cells.     

Bioactivity-directed isolation, identification of diuretic compounds from Polyporus umbellatus

Aim of the study

Polyporus umbellatus is a fungus used as a diuretic medicine. The objective of this study was to isolate and elucidate the diuretic constituents of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts of Polyporus umbellatus and to evaluate their diuretic activity.

Materials and methods

The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts of Polyporus umbellatus were tested by diuretic experiment of normal rats in metabolic cage. The n-hexane extract and n-butanol extract were prepared separately by the bioassay-guided approach. Three isolated compounds doses (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg BW) were orally administered to normal rats. Water excretion rate, pH and content of Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl⁻ were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats.

Results

n-Hexane extract (P < 0.05), n-butanol extract (P < 0.05) and three isolated compounds (ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one, ergosterol and d-mannitol) displayed diuretic activity.

Conclusions

The ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one was the strongest diuretic constituent in the three compounds. Ergosterol and d-mannitol were found to be also responsible for duiretic effects in Polyporus umbellatus for the first time. Data show that 20 mg/kg dose of the ergosterol for urine out put became significantly higher than in the control rats, but the ratio of Na⁺/K⁺ almost unaltered in the three doses. The highest dose of the d-mannitol was significant and increased the cumulative urine output. Regarding the electrolyte excretion, data show that the doses 10 and 20 mg/kg produce significant increase for excretion of Na⁺ and Cl⁻. The present results provide a quantitative basis explaining application of Polyporus umbellatus as a diuretic medicine. The result proved that its diuretic effects were also due to the contribution of multi-components in clinical application.     

黄芪、丹参、山药及其复方对高糖所致雪旺细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的:观察中药对高葡萄糖条件下与内皮细胞(以下简称EC)共培养的雪旺细胞(以下简称SC)凋亡的干预作用。方法:建立大鼠SC与EC的共培养模型,根据存活率(形态学和MTT)筛选药物最有效作用浓度。将细胞分为正常共培养SC组、高糖共培养SC组、高糖黄芪组、高糖丹参组、高糖山药组、高糖复方组,通过凋亡率(流式细胞仪)和凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Casepase-3的mRNA(Realtime PCR)和蛋白(Western Blot)的表达观察细胞凋亡。结果:与正常共培养组相比高糖共培养组SC凋亡率明显增高、Bcl-2mRNA和蛋白表达量明显减少,Casepase-3mRNA和蛋白表达量显著增加。加中药干预后SC凋亡率都明显降低,Bcl-2mRNA和蛋白表达量都明显增加,除高糖山药组Casepase-3mRNA减少和高糖丹参组Casepase-3蛋白减少无明显统计学意义,其余各组Casepase-3mRNA和蛋白表达量均显著减少。中药干预组之间比较,高糖复方组作用最显著。中药干预组与正常组相比,SC凋亡率无明显增高,Bcl-2mRNA和蛋白表达量明显减少,Casepase-3mRNA和蛋白表达量显著增加。结论:中药对高糖环境下与内皮细胞共培养的雪旺细胞的凋亡有保护作用,不同中药作用效果不同,复方效果最佳。     

药理实验室绿色环保化建设探讨

实现药理实验室绿色化是药理实验教学和科研人员所面对的新课题。本文探讨了目前高校药理实验室存在的主要问题,并从实验教学、实验准备和实验室管理等几个方面讨论了构建绿色药理实验平台的重要性及实施的主要措施,从而进一步提高师生的绿色实验意识。     

六味地黄汤对创伤小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 :了解六味地黄汤对创伤小鼠免疫功能影响。方法 :利用创伤小鼠实验模型 ,采用酵母菌花环法 ,分别测定创伤小鼠六味地黄汤治疗前后红细胞免疫功能指标。结果 :RBC-C3 b R花环率、RBC-IC花环率和 RBC免疫粘附促进因子 ( RFER)活性降低 ,而 RBC免疫粘附抑制因子 ( RF IR)活性升高。结论 :六味地黄汤对创伤引起的红细胞免疫功能抑制有恢复作用。     

中医药多媒体资源分类与元数据探讨

对中医药多媒体信息资源及其发展现状和存在问题进行了概述,并阐述了中医药媒体资源分类和元数据规范建设的必要性,在此基础上对多媒体资源的分类和元数据规范进行了探讨,并提出了可供参考的中医药多媒体资源的分类体系和元数据规范。     

从药对的角度考察复方配伍规律

复方的配伍规律是中药方剂理论的核心问题，也是国家自然科学基金近年连续资助的重点方向之一。本文从复方中特定的两味药的配伍形式——药对出发，阐述药对的概念、特点及其在复方配伍规律研究中的作用、优势和意义。作者认为：药对配伍的研究是复方配伍规律研究的基础和重要切入点之一。     

麝香酮对氰化钠加缺糖致PC12细胞缺血损伤的保护作用

目的:研究麝香酮对PC12细胞缺血损伤的影响。方法:在离体培养的PC12细胞,用NaCN加缺糖造成拟缺血损伤模型,通过细胞形态学观察、MTT微量比色、培养介质LDH活力测定,研究了麝香酮对该模型的保护作用。结果:10-7~510-5mol/L范围内,麝香酮呈浓度依赖性地降低NaCN加缺糖造成拟缺血损伤模型培养介质内LDH的释放,其IC50为:43.33μmol/L。在10-7~510-5mol/L范围内,麝香酮呈浓度依赖性地增加NaCN加缺糖造成拟缺血损伤模型培养介质的MTT比色值,其IC50为30.62μmol/L。结论:麝香酮对PC12细胞缺血损伤具有保护作用。     

胆囊结石术后胃肠功能紊乱的针刺研究

目的:观察不同针刺刺激量对胆囊结石术后胃肠功能紊乱患者胃肠功能的恢复以及血管活性肠肽(VIP)的影响。方法:将32例患者分为四组,分为提插强刺激组、提插弱刺激组、捻转强刺激组、捻转弱刺激组,观察给予不同针刺刺激后四组患者的胃肠功能和血管活性肠肽(VIP)的变化。结果:统计学处理后,对于肠鸣音恢复时间,提插强刺激组和捻转弱刺激组之间的比较有统计学意义;对于术后排气时间,提插强刺激与捻转强刺激、捻转弱刺激之间,提插弱刺激与捻转弱刺激之间均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余无统计学意义;术后排便时间统计结果无差异(P>0.05)。对于VIP,四组病人术前血管活性肠肽无差异(P>0.05),具有可比性;术后第2天四组病人血浆血管活性肠肽含量治疗后均有回升趋势,提插弱刺激组和捻转弱刺激组病人血浆VIP含量在治疗后与提插强刺激组和捻转强刺激组比较均有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:强刺激对血管活性肠肽的变化的影响较弱刺激好,同样的刺激量下提插较捻转的对血管活性肠肽的变化影响大,提插强刺激对于胃肠功能恢复的作用由于其他三种。