Clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis, and chemosensitivity in patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics, chemosensitivity, and outcome of metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Patients and MethodsRecords of patients with metastatic UTUC since January 2005 were retrieved from a database that included clinical and survival data. Statistical analyses including survival and multivariate analyses of factors were respectively performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 250 consecutive UTUC cases were evaluated. There were 56 patients (22.4%) with initially diagnosed stage IV disease. The most common metastatic sites were lung (39.6%), distant lymph nodes (39.2%), bone (19.6%), liver (18.0%), and adrenal gland (7.2%), respectively, and the local recurrence rate was 10.4%. Two hundred thirteen patients received first-line chemotherapy. The overall response rate was only 28.7% and the median progression-free survival time was only 5.0 months. The overall survival time of the cohort was 18.0 months. Multivariate analyses showed that initially diagnosed stage IV disease, number of metastatic organs ≥3, no response to chemotherapy and cycles of chemotherapy ≤2 were adverse prognosticators for overall survival.ConclusionUTUC presented to be more prone to metastasize than locally recur and thought to have low chemosensitivity. Stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, number of metastatic organs, response and cycles of chemotherapy were independent prognosticators for metastatic UTUC.     

煤的热解研究III.煤中官能团与热解生成物

借助化学分析和ＦＴＩＲ光谱分析对我国煤化程度不同的１８ 种煤中官能团的研究表明：煤中官能团含量与煤化程度有关;煤中羧基、羟基及醚键等其他含氧官能团的含量与热解生成物ＣＯ２、Ｈ２Ｏ 和ＣＯ 的产率有关,脂肪—ＣＨ 的含量与甲烷和焦油的产率相关联,芳香—ＣＨ 的含量与热解半焦产率有关。煤的热解生成物主要是煤中官能团的断裂所致。     

颅-面联合径路前颅底区肿瘤切除术

目的完整切除侵及前颅底区肿瘤,提高治愈率.方法采用颅-面联合径路,其中单用带血管蒂帽状腱膜-颅骨膜瓣4例,帽状腱膜-颅骨膜瓣加肋骨片或钛网板各2例修补颅底.8例未做颅底重建.结果肿瘤全切16例,无1例手术死亡、长期脑脊液漏或/和颅内感染,5例恶性肿瘤患者术后存活3～5年;3例存活1～2年;均未见肿瘤复发.另4例在2年内分别死于局部复发和远处转移,4例良性肿瘤患者术后随诊1～7年未见复发.结论颅-面联合径路前颅底区肿瘤切除术,具有术野大、显露清楚、安全可靠,有利于肿瘤整块切除.硬脑膜修补和颅底重建,可有效地防止脑脊液漏和颅内感染等并发症.     

应用酵母双向杂交系统筛选和鉴定P75NGFR作用的蛋白

目的：探讨Ｐ７５ＮＧＦＲ介导神经细胞凋亡的分子机制。方法;以转染了Ｐ７５ＮＧＦＲ的大鼠小脑神经细胞株Ｒ２Ｌ２为细胞模型,应用酵母双向杂交系统（ｔｗｏ－ｈｙｂｒｉｄ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）筛选和鉴定Ｐ７５ＮＧＦＲ胞内区Ｐ７５ＩＣＤ作用的蛋白。结果：和Ｐ７５ＮＧＦＲ作用的蛋白由一个６００ｂｐ大小的ＣＤＮＡ片段编码。结论：该工作将有助于探讨Ｐ７５ＮＧＦＲ介导细胞凋亡的分子机制和信号,为勃勃系统退行性病变的病因、     

降纤酶治疗青年人短暂性脑缺血发作的临床研究

目的 探讨降纤酶对青年人短暂性脑缺血（ＴＩＡ）发作的治疗效果。方法 将７２例患者随机分为两组。治疗组３７例,给予降纤酶静滴至ＴＩＡ发作终止或治疗达１周;对照组３５例,给予阿司匹林、尼莫地平、低分子右旋糖酐、脉络宁治疗２周。两组于治疗前、后分别采静脉血检测血浆纤维蛋白原、红细胞压积、全血粘度和血浆粘度的变化。结果 总有效率治疗组为９１．６６％,对照组为７７．１４％,２组间有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）     

Simultaneous Construct Surface Microstructural and Internal Network-Like Conductive Pathways of Poly(l-lactic acid)/Carbon Nanomaterials Composite Foams

The poly(l -lactic acid) (PLLA)/carbon nanomaterials composite foams with hierarchical surface microstructural and internal conductive pathways are successfully prepared by a simple crystallization-assisted rapid phase separation (CARPS). The dimension and morphology of carbon nanomaterials can induce different crystallization forms to construct the hierarchical surface microstructure, and they are distributed on the phase interface of solvent and non-solvent to form conductive pathways. It is found that the heterogeneous nucleation of nanomaterials promotes a significant increase in crystallinity, and a stacked granular structure formed on the surface promotes the increase of the water contact angle to 148.7°. Foams with interconnecting pore structures contribute to the formation of 85.3% porosity and 12.33 g g⁻¹ oil absorption. Carbon nanomaterials are distributed on the pore walls of the porous foam, which converts the foam from an insulating material to a conducting polymer. Furthermore, the uniform distribution of nanomaterials significantly affects the thermal stability of the PLLA. In belief, the multifunctional biodegradable foam, prepared by a CARPS method, makes it promising for industrial production and has potential applications in electrical conductivity, oil-water separation, and many other fields.     

潜艇常见气体对离体细胞化学发光的影响

目的 :用化学发光法检测O2 、CO2 、CO和正庚烷 (CxHy)四种气体对离体家兔肺泡巨噬细胞 (AM )的直接效应。 方法 :将AM悬液暴露于上述气体 ,不同时间检测用PMA激发的细胞发光及其存活率。结果 :培养在 99.5 %N2 (0 .5 %O2 )中的AM受激发光仅能维持 10h ;高浓度O2 、CO2 、CO和CxHy具有刺激或增强AM发光之效应 ;含 16 %O2 、1.9%CO2 、46mg/m3 CO和 176mg/m3 CxHy的模拟潜艇混合气体未见对AM激发光功能和存活率产生不利影响。结论 :空气氧含量对细胞十分重要 ,提高氧浓度有利于细胞存活 ,但氧浓度 >16 %和 <2 0 %的低氧还原性气体环境更有利细胞长时间生存。     

抗A1试剂血清的研制

目的 :ABO亚型在临床输血中经常造成错定血型及输血反应 ,因而研制抗A1试剂血清是解决ABO亚型鉴定的主要途径。方法 :采用血型血清学特异性抗原抗体吸收实验。结果 :经大量反复实验 ,研制出特异性强 ,效价符合要求的抗A1试剂血清。结论 :抗A1血清是鉴定A亚型的专用试剂血清 ,对临床鉴定ABO亚型及安全输血有实用意义。