细胞膜和细胞骨架在细胞受力过程中的保护作用

力作用下的细胞保护反应是细胞机械力转导研究中的一个重要领域。细胞膜维持细胞内离子平衡，并通过牵张活化离子通道和机械力敏感酶调控力诱导的细胞骨架重排对细胞骨架产生保护作用；而细胞骨架给细胞膜提供结构支撑、加强受力部分的皮层网络结构、调控机械力敏感离子通道，在受力破坏后的细胞膜重新封闭的过程中也发挥着潜在的作用。就细胞膜和细胞骨架在细胞受力过程中的保护作用进行综述。     

建立人微小病毒B19的PCR检测方法

人微小病毒Ｂ１９是微小病毒科中唯一能感染人的病毒。能够提供Ｂ１９抗原的病毒体外培养系统尚未建成，因此限制了血清学实验的开发和普及。为此作者建立起Ｂ１９病毒的ＰＣＲ检测方法。设计引物在表达外壳蛋白ＶＰ１基因区，扩增长度为４００ｂｐ。     

蒲黄在防治家兔实验性动脉粥样硬化中对前列腺素代谢的影响

104只大耳白雄性家兔,分成五组以观察在实验性动脉粥样硬化(以下简称As)形成过程中蒲黄对前列腺素代谢的作用及其在As防治中的意义。实验结果显示,蒲黄不仅能有效地抑制家兔食饵性高胆固醇血症的形成,尚能提高血浆6-酮-PGF_(1α)水平。尽管蒲黄并不能抑制血小板聚集,也不能降低血浆MDA水平,但该组的As病变明显减轻。而阿斯匹林虽能明显抑制血小板聚集和血浆MDA水平,但由于它同时抑制了动脉壁PGI_2合成,该组病变明显加重。这些结果均提示,动脉壁PGI_2生成的能力或PGI_2/TXA_2值是防治动脉粥种硬化的关键性因素。本实验也证明了血浆和血小板cAMP水平并非决定血小板聚集性的绝对因素。     

Surface modification of titanium implant by microarc oxidation and hydrothermal treatment

Surface modification of titanium implant is processed by microarc oxidation and hydrothermal treatment. A porous surface with a biologically active bone-like apatite layer was formed. The apatite layer consists of very fine crystals and high crystallinity and is integrated with the titanium alloy substrate with a graded structure without a distinct interface. Such a bioactive layer is expected not only to enhance the bony ingrowth into the porous structure, but also to improve the interlocking between implant and bone.     

肺音信号的自回归谱谱阵分析

本文应用自回归模型方法研究了各种肺音信号的ＡＲ谱谱阵，并与傅里叶功率谱谱阵作了对比，探讨了两种谱阵的特点与差异，实验结果表明：肺泡呼吸音ＡＲ模型阶次为６阶，气管音ＡＲ模型阶次为１４阶，哮鸣音与喘鸣音的ＡＲ模型阶次分别为１２阶与６阶，正常呼吸音（肺泡呼吸音与气管音）功率谱为连续谱，异常连续性肺音（哮鸣音与喘鸣音）功率谱为离散线状谱，音肺信号谱阵方法可显示出肺音的时变特性，有利于对肺音作动态分析。     

Mannose prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats

Objective: To investigate the effect of mannose on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats. Methods: Ten groups of Sprague–Dawley rats were used: 1) the control group received an intratracheal instillation of saline, 2) the LPS group received an intratracheal instillation of LPS (3 mg/kg), 3–6) the mannose groups were injected i.v. with 15, 45, 135, and 405 mg/kg mannose, 7–9) the glucose, galactose, and fructose groups were injected with different hexoses (135 mg/kg), and 10) the dexamethasone (DXM) group was injected with DXM (2 mg/kg). In groups 2–8, LPS was administered after injection of drugs. Lung wet/dry weight ratio, permeability index (PPI), total leukocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 in lung and BALF were determined. Results: Pre-treatment with mannose attenuated pulmonary edema and protein exudation in a dose-dependent manner, the maximal effect was similar to or greater than that of DXM. Mannose also prevented the inflammatory cell accumulation, although the maximal effect was weaker than that of DXM. Mannose was more effective than DXM in inhibiting MPO activity and restoring SOD activity. Moreover, it inhibited production of TNF-α and IL-10. Histological changes of the lungs were also ameliorated by mannose. There were no significant improvements observed in rats pre-treated with glucose, galactose or fructose. Conclusions: Mannose is effective in reducing LPS-induced ALI. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30670930 and the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province (No.2004C23011) Received 4 March 2007; returned for revision 13 May 2007; returned for final revision 17 July 2007; accepted by M. Katori 12 September 2007     

Tripterygium hypoglaucum (level) Hutch induces aneuploidy of chromosome 8 in mouse bone marrow cells and sperm

Aneuploidy of mouse chromosome 8 induced by a Chinese medicinal herb, Tripterygium hypoglaucum (level) Hutch (THH) was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in vivo. Male mice were treated with THH (single i.p. injection) at doses of 120, 240 and 480 mg/kg. Colchicine (COL, 1.5 mg/kg i.p.) was used as a positive control. Bone marrow cells and epididymal sperm were collected 24 h and 22 days after treatment, respectively. Chromosome 8 aneuploidies induced by THH in bone marrow cells and sperm were determined by FISH with a biotin-16-dUTP labelled DNA probe corresponding to the centromeric region of chromosome 8. The hybridized probe was detected with avidin-FITC. The frequencies of trisomy 8 in bone marrow cells were 0.16% in the solvent control group, 0.39% in the COL-treated group and 0.33, 0.41 and 0.41% in the THH-treated groups, respectively. The frequencies of disomy 8 sperm were 0.11% in the solvent control group, 0.27% in the COL-treated group and 0.23, 0.27 and 0.27% in the THH-treated groups, respectively. The experiment showed that induced aneuploidy frequencies were higher in bone marrow cells than in sperm with COL and the two higher doses of THH (P < 0.05). All groups were significantly different from the corresponding solvent controls (P < 0.01-0.001), but there was no dose-related increase in either cell type. Considering the present results together with our previous studies, it appears that THH is a potent mammalian aneugen which may pose a genetic risk to human patients.     

高压氧中毒小鼠脑微血管图像分析定量研究

本文采用计算机图像定量测量方法，对高压氧中毒后小鼠软脑膜微血管和大脑皮质毛细胞血管内皮细胞碱性磷酶活性进行了定量检测。结果表明，ＨＢＯＩ后小鼠软脑膜毛细血管开放数目减少，毛细血管密度降低。     

高血压病100例的血液流变性观察

对１００例高血压病患者行血液流变学检测并与１０４例健康人对比，结果表明：高血压病的血液流变学指标均高于正常人，且症状越重，血液流变学指标就越高。结果提示，高血压病症状的严重程度与血液粘滞度的增高呈平行关系。     

亚低温减少大鼠短暂性全脑缺血后皮质iNOS诱导的神经元凋亡

为研究亚低温对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后皮质iNOS表达、NO产生及神经元凋亡的影响及探讨亚低温的神经保护机制,用大鼠短暂全脑缺血模型,采用Nissl染色观察存活神经元、免疫组化法检测iNOS、硝酸还原酶法检测NOx-水平和TUNEL染色结合电子显微镜观察检测凋亡神经元。结果显示:常温缺血组额叶皮质iNOS表达、NOx-水平增高,出现凋亡神经元;低温缺血组iNOS表达、NOx-水平明显低于常温缺血组,未检测到凋亡神经元。上述结果提示,脑缺血后iNOS来源的NO参与了神经元的凋亡过程,亚低温可减少大鼠短暂性全脑缺血后iNOS诱导的神经元凋亡。