贯彻实施《母婴保健法》 促进山区妇幼卫生工作的发展

《中华人民共和国母婴保健法》（下称《母婴保健法》）的颁布实施,标志着我国妇幼卫生工作纳入了法制化管理的轨道。我县依法开展了各项妇幼卫生工作,进一步推动了山区县妇幼卫生工作的发展。１　加强领导　广泛宣传自１９９６年６月１日实施《母婴保健法》以来,我县在县政府和县卫生局领导下,通过多种形式和多种渠道广泛宣传,使《母婴保健法》家喻户晓,深入人心,提高了全社会贯彻实施《母婴保健法》的积极性和自觉性,为依法开展妇幼卫生工作打下了良好的思想基础。２　强化妇幼保健服务功能２１　根据《母婴保健法》关于婚前医学…     

推行妇幼保健保偿制的实践与体会

日照市加强领导,精心部署,为妇幼保健保偿制的推行提供强有力的组织保障;广泛宣传,搞好协调,为妇幼保健保偿制的推行营造良好的社会氛围;强化内涵建设,完善服务功能,努力构筑推行妇幼保健保偿制的支撑体系;健全队伍,增强素质,为入保者提供优质高效的妇幼卫生服务。从而,赢得了人民群众的信赖,妇幼保健保偿覆盖面不断扩大,孕产妇系统化管理率稳步提高,孕产妇、婴幼儿死亡率大幅度降低。     

社区爱婴行动对母乳喂养促进作用的研究

为了解社区爱婴行动对母乳喂养的促进作用,江苏省在南京市及镇江市社区内开展了多种爱婴活动,并在项目活动开始时及结束时进行了问卷调查。结果表明,终末调查与基础调查相比,产妇出院前２４ｈ内纯母乳喂养率和调查前２４ｈ内纯母乳喂养率均有明显上升,母亲在孕期及出院后接受母乳喂养健康教育的比例均有明显提高,母亲认为４个月内婴儿应该开始添加辅食的比例及４个月内婴儿实际添加辅食者的比例均有明显下降。提示社区爱婴行动确实大大促进了母乳喂养率的提高。     

试论提高乡镇医院效益

通常乡镇医院的经济效益是由病人的经济支付能力,医院提供卫生服务的可及性和医生的作用三方面因素决定的。对此从理论和实践方面进行了探讨,得出”减轻病人负担,上门为群众提供多功能医疗服务,优势的医疗服务是提高乡镇医院效益的有效途径。     

新生儿唇腭裂危险因素的病例对照研究

目的探讨唇腭裂（CLP）的发病原因。方法采用1：1配对的方法,对90例唇腭裂患儿的母亲与非唇腭裂患儿的母亲进行了对照研究,调查范围包括母亲自身危险因素和环境中的危险因素两大方面。结果在所列的7种因素中,有6种因素表现出较高的危险度,依其危险度（OR值）大小排列为：孕期接触工业毒物（9．0）,孕期使用某些化学药物（8.0）,家中饲养猫、狗等宠物（6．0）,父母近亲结婚（6．0）,孕期内受病毒感染（4．5）和孕期内喷洒农药除草剂（4．0）。结论孕期内接触有害物质是CLP的重要致病因素。     

Characterization of a mouse Cx50 mutation associated with the No2 mouse cataract.

PURPOSE: Recently, a missense mutation in the mouse connexin 50 (Cx50) gene has been associated with the nuclear opacity 2 (No2) mouse cataract. This missense mutation (D47A) resulted in an aspartate-to-alanine substitution at amino acid position 47 in the first extracellular domain of Cx50. To better understand the role of Cx50 in the pathogenesis of congenital cataract, the functional consequences of the D47A mutation in the Xenopus oocyte expression system were studied. METHODS: D47A was constructed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mutagenesis. Xenopus oocytes were injected with in vitro transcribed cRNA encoding wild-type mouse Cx50 (Cx50wt), wild-type rat Cx46 (Cx46wt), D47A, or combinations of wild-type and mutant connexins. The oocytes were then devitellinized and paired. Gap junctional conductance (Gj) was measured using a dual two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique. RESULTS: Homotypic oocyte pairs expressing wild-type Cx50 or Cx46 were well coupled. In contrast, oocytes injected with D47A cRNA did not form gap junctional channels when paired homotypically. To test whether the D47A mutation could interact with wild-type connexins in a dominant negative manner, oocytes were injected with equal amounts of mutant and wild-type connexin cRNA, mimicking the heterozygous condition. Expression of D47A did not inhibit the development of junctional conductance in paired oocytes induced by wild-type Cx50 or Cx46. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the D47A mutation acts as a loss-of-function mutation without strong dominant inhibition. In No2 mice, the mutation would be predicted to result in a reduction in intercellular communication, leading to cataractogenesis. It may also cause other qualitative changes such as a change in permeability for small molecules.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和胰岛素样生长因子—Ⅰ及其协同作用对？…

目的 研究碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂａｓｉｃ ｆｉｂｒｏｂｌａｓｔ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｆａｃｔｏｒ,ｂＦＧＦ）、胰岛素样生长因子－１（ｉｎｓｕｌｉｎ－ｌｉｋｅ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｆａｃｔｏｒ－１,ＩＧＦ－１）及二者的共同作用对体外牛晶体上皮细胞（ｂｏｖｉｎｅ ｌｅｎｓｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉａｌ ｃｅｌｌ,ＢＬＥＣ）增殖的影响。方法 ＢＬＥＣ原代培养,取第４例细胞种入２４孔板,加入不同浓度的ｂＦＧＦ、ＩＧＦ－１,     

B型超声检查对渗出型老年性黄斑变性的诊断价值

目的:探讨渗出型老年性黄斑变性(Age-related macular degeneration,AMD)的B型超声影象特征。方法:采用NIDEKUS-3300型超声诊断仪,对31例(54只眼)渗出型AMD进行了观察。结果:视网膜色素上皮脱离时,眼内后极部出现膜状弧形回声,光带与眼球壁之间,可见一个梭形透声区;渗出或出血未完全吸收阶段,呈混合性回声;渗出或出血逐渐吸收并为瘢痕组织所替代时,可见实体性小隆起物,强回声,形状似凸透镜或三角形,凸起端指向球后,玻璃体腔面平坦。结论:B型超声在渗出型AMD的诊断、治疗随访观察中具有实用价值。眼科学报1999;15:233-235。     

Current source-density analysis of light-evoked field potentials in rabbit retina.

The technique of current source-density analysis was applied to several components of the light-evoked field potentials (electroretinogram) from the retina of the superfused eyecup of rabbit. The depth distributions of the major current sources and sinks were: b-wave--sink at outer plexiform layer, source at inner plexiform layer; M-wave--sink at inner plexiform layer, source at retinal surface; and slow PIII--source near outer plexiform layer, sink at retinal surface. These distributions, along with the sensitivities of these responses to certain pharmacological agents, support earlier studies that Müller cells generate the M-wave and slow PIII, but that depolarizing bipolar cells directly generate the b-wave.     

Neuropharmacological assessment of potential dopamine D4 receptor-selective radioligands

Radiolabeled dopamine D4 receptor-selective agents ([3H]1-benzyl-4-[ N-(3-isopropoxy-2-pyridinyl)-N-methyl]-aminopiperidine maleate; [3 H]PNU-101958. and [125I]1-[4-iodobenzyl]-4-[ N-(3-isopropoxy-2-pyridinyl)-N-methyl]-aminopiperidine; [125I]RBI-257) were prepared and characterized. With D4.2- and D2L receptor-transfected cell membranes, [3H]PNU-101958 showed high dopamine D4 receptor affinity and selectivity, and potent inhibition by dopamine D4 receptor-selective compounds. However, its binding with rat brain homogenates showed little regional selectivity, and pharmacology inconsistent with selective dopamine D4 receptor labeling. Autoradiography indicated partial displacement of [3H]PNU-101958 by unlabeled dopamine D4 receptor ligands without regional selectivity, and lack of selective labeling with [125I]RBI-257. The results encourage further efforts to develop better dopamine D4 receptor-selective radioligands.